Camelops hesternus Leidy 1854

• Main Authors: Zazula, Grant D., Macphee, Ross D. E., Hall, Elizabeth, Hewitson, Susan
• Format: Other/Unknown Material
• Language: unknown
• Published: 2016
• Subjects: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Animalia; Chordata; Mammalia; Artiodactyla; Camelidae; Camelops; Camelops hesternus; Yukon; Fairbanks; Webb; Sixtymile; Gold Hill; Dawson; Alaska
• Online Access: https://zenodo.org/record/4565938; https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565938

Camelops hesternus Leidy, 1854 MANDIBLE AND LOWER DENTITION Referred specimens: F: AM 35172 (Gold Hill, Alaska), mandible fragment, juvenile, with unworn, partially erupted p4–m1 (fig. 3 A–C); F: AM 34631 (Cripple Creek, Alaska), right mandible fragment, with heavily worn m1–m3 (fig. 3 D–F); F: AM 35168 (Fairbanks Creek, Alaska), anterior mandible fragment with symphysis, diastema, and roots of right p4 (fig. 3, G, H); NMC 42549 (Sixtymile Loc. 3, Yukon), left, juvenile, mandible with dp3–dp4, m1, lacking symphysis and coronoid process (fig. 3 I–L); F: AM 144676 (Cripple Creek, Alaska), heavily worn left m3, roots broken off (fig. 4 A–C); F: AM 35154 (Cripple Creek, Alaska), heavily worn, right m3, roots broken off (fig. 4 D–F); F: AM 35169 (Gold Hill, Alaska), right, moderately worn m2?, root of posterior lobe sampled, anterior root broken off (fig. 4 G–I); F: AM 35170 (Dawson Cut, Alaska), relatively unworn, left m1 or m2, roots and anterior margin broken off (fig. 4 J–L); F: AM 35173 (Gold Hill, Alaska), left m2, anterior cusp and root missing (fig. 4 M–O). Description: The most complete mandible in this collection represents a juvenile (NMC 42549), described below. This and others specimens described here exhibit several features consistent with their allocation to Camelops hesternus (Webb, 1965), including: (1) sharp, labially concave diastemal crest (fig. 3H, L); (2) deep horizontal ramus featuring slight concavity below diastema and relatively straighter ventral border in lateral view compared to other BARCs (fig. 3 I–K); (3) large mental foramen situated low on the mandible, below posterior end of canine root (fig. 3G, J); (4) distinct angular “spur-shaped” process present on posterior margin of ascending ramus, below condyle but above level of horizontal ramus (fig. 3 I–K), and lacking inflection seen in other camelines (Harrison, 1985). The mandibular fragments representing mature adult individuals (F: AM 34631 and F: AM 35168) exhibit horizontal rami that are much broader transversely and more robust ...