Bear footprints and their use for monitoring and estimating numbers of brown bears (Ursus arctos L.) in Bulgaria

We present an improved table of the footprint dimensions of the Bulgarian/ Eastern European brown bear (Ursus arctos L.). Our results demonstrated congruence between the length of the hind paw footprint and the width of the fore one, as well as correlation between footprint size, age, and sex of the...

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Main Authors: Spassov, Nikolai, Spiridonov, Geko, Ivanov, Vasil, Asenov, Lyudmil
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:unknown
Published: Zenodo 2016
Subjects:
Ursus arctos
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4043917
id ftzenodo:oai:zenodo.org:4043917
record_format openpolar
spelling ftzenodo:oai:zenodo.org:4043917 2024-09-15T18:40:08+00:00 Bear footprints and their use for monitoring and estimating numbers of brown bears (Ursus arctos L.) in Bulgaria Spassov, Nikolai Spiridonov, Geko Ivanov, Vasil Asenov, Lyudmil 2016-12-29 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4043917 unknown Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4043916 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4043917 oai:zenodo.org:4043917 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode Historia naturalis bulgarica, 23, 119-126, (2016-12-29) info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2016 ftzenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.404391710.5281/zenodo.4043916 2024-07-25T13:38:32Z We present an improved table of the footprint dimensions of the Bulgarian/ Eastern European brown bear (Ursus arctos L.). Our results demonstrated congruence between the length of the hind paw footprint and the width of the fore one, as well as correlation between footprint size, age, and sex of the individuals. Six categories of bear fore paw and respectively hind paw footprints were identified according to their dimensions, which are related to their body sizes (influenced also by sex and age). The table could be useful for identification of the individuals by their footprints and could be utilised in the National monitoring of the bear in Bulgaria. Examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of using size parameters of footprints for determination of local population numbers and structure. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ursus arctos Zenodo
institution Open Polar
collection Zenodo
op_collection_id ftzenodo
language unknown
description We present an improved table of the footprint dimensions of the Bulgarian/ Eastern European brown bear (Ursus arctos L.). Our results demonstrated congruence between the length of the hind paw footprint and the width of the fore one, as well as correlation between footprint size, age, and sex of the individuals. Six categories of bear fore paw and respectively hind paw footprints were identified according to their dimensions, which are related to their body sizes (influenced also by sex and age). The table could be useful for identification of the individuals by their footprints and could be utilised in the National monitoring of the bear in Bulgaria. Examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of using size parameters of footprints for determination of local population numbers and structure.
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Spassov, Nikolai
Spiridonov, Geko
Ivanov, Vasil
Asenov, Lyudmil
spellingShingle Spassov, Nikolai
Spiridonov, Geko
Ivanov, Vasil
Asenov, Lyudmil
Bear footprints and their use for monitoring and estimating numbers of brown bears (Ursus arctos L.) in Bulgaria
author_facet Spassov, Nikolai
Spiridonov, Geko
Ivanov, Vasil
Asenov, Lyudmil
author_sort Spassov, Nikolai
title Bear footprints and their use for monitoring and estimating numbers of brown bears (Ursus arctos L.) in Bulgaria
title_short Bear footprints and their use for monitoring and estimating numbers of brown bears (Ursus arctos L.) in Bulgaria
title_full Bear footprints and their use for monitoring and estimating numbers of brown bears (Ursus arctos L.) in Bulgaria
title_fullStr Bear footprints and their use for monitoring and estimating numbers of brown bears (Ursus arctos L.) in Bulgaria
title_full_unstemmed Bear footprints and their use for monitoring and estimating numbers of brown bears (Ursus arctos L.) in Bulgaria
title_sort bear footprints and their use for monitoring and estimating numbers of brown bears (ursus arctos l.) in bulgaria
publisher Zenodo
publishDate 2016
url https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4043917
genre Ursus arctos
genre_facet Ursus arctos
op_source Historia naturalis bulgarica, 23, 119-126, (2016-12-29)
op_relation https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4043916
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4043917
oai:zenodo.org:4043917
op_rights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
op_doi https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.404391710.5281/zenodo.4043916
_version_ 1810484450109161472

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