Circulation and transformation of Atlantic water in the Eurasian Basin and the contribution of the Fram Strait inflow branch to the Arctic Ocean heat budget
The inflows of Atlantic water from the Nordic Seas to the Arctic Ocean through Fram Strait and over the Barents Sea are examined and their pathways and transformations in the Eurasian Basin are described based primarily on hydrographic observations from two cruises with RV Polarstern in 2007 and 201...
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2015
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Online Access: | https://zenodo.org/record/28293 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2014.04.003 |
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ftzenodo:oai:zenodo.org:28293 2023-05-15T13:22:43+02:00 Circulation and transformation of Atlantic water in the Eurasian Basin and the contribution of the Fram Strait inflow branch to the Arctic Ocean heat budget Bert Rudels Meri Korhonen Ursula Schauer Sergey Pisarev Benjamin Rabe Andreas Wisotzki 2015-04-18 https://zenodo.org/record/28293 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2014.04.003 unknown info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/308299/ https://zenodo.org/communities/ecfunded https://zenodo.org/record/28293 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2014.04.003 oai:zenodo.org:28293 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article 2015 ftzenodo https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2014.04.003 2023-03-11T04:30:36Z The inflows of Atlantic water from the Nordic Seas to the Arctic Ocean through Fram Strait and over the Barents Sea are examined and their pathways and transformations in the Eurasian Basin are described based primarily on hydrographic observations from two cruises with RV Polarstern in 2007 and 2011. The contrast between the high salinity Atlantic water core in the Nansen Basin and the lower Atlantic water salinity in the Amundsen Basin, combined with a salinity minimum below the Atlantic layer, suggest that the Fram Strait branch mainly remains in the Nansen Basin, while the Barents Sea branch continues along the continental slope, enters the Amundsen Basin and provides most of the Atlantic water in the Makarov and Canada basins. To examine the consequences of such a circulation pattern recently published estimates of the in- and outflows of volume and liquid freshwater through the Barents Sea, Bering Strait and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago as well as river runoff, net precipitation and ice export are reviewed and added together. To achieve volume and freshwater balances net outflows through Fram Strait of 2.3 Sv and 100 mSv respectively are required. This is reasonably close to the recently reported Fram Strait transport estimates. The net outflows are separated into two parts, upper layer transports, less dense than the entering Atlantic water, and lower layer transports, as dense as or denser than the Atlantic water. The largest net volume outflow occurs in the lower layer, 1.65 Sv, while the liquid freshwater is almost exclusively exported in the 0.64 Sv net outflow in upper layer, leading to unrealistically low salinities in the upper layer compared with observations. Atlantic water is north of Svalbard transformed into less saline surface water through melting of sea ice, which can supply the necessary higher salinity (halocline) water to the upper layer. 1.23 Sv of halocline water of salinity 34.2 must be added to obtain a more realistic salinity of 33.1, leading to a total export of 1.84 Sv upper ... Article in Journal/Newspaper amundsen basin Arctic Archipelago Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Bering Strait Canadian Arctic Archipelago Fram Strait Nansen Basin Nordic Seas Sea ice Svalbard Zenodo Arctic Arctic Ocean Svalbard Barents Sea Bering Strait Canadian Arctic Archipelago Canada Amundsen Basin ENVELOPE(74.000,74.000,87.000,87.000) Progress in Oceanography 132 128 152 |
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Open Polar |
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Zenodo |
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ftzenodo |
language |
unknown |
description |
The inflows of Atlantic water from the Nordic Seas to the Arctic Ocean through Fram Strait and over the Barents Sea are examined and their pathways and transformations in the Eurasian Basin are described based primarily on hydrographic observations from two cruises with RV Polarstern in 2007 and 2011. The contrast between the high salinity Atlantic water core in the Nansen Basin and the lower Atlantic water salinity in the Amundsen Basin, combined with a salinity minimum below the Atlantic layer, suggest that the Fram Strait branch mainly remains in the Nansen Basin, while the Barents Sea branch continues along the continental slope, enters the Amundsen Basin and provides most of the Atlantic water in the Makarov and Canada basins. To examine the consequences of such a circulation pattern recently published estimates of the in- and outflows of volume and liquid freshwater through the Barents Sea, Bering Strait and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago as well as river runoff, net precipitation and ice export are reviewed and added together. To achieve volume and freshwater balances net outflows through Fram Strait of 2.3 Sv and 100 mSv respectively are required. This is reasonably close to the recently reported Fram Strait transport estimates. The net outflows are separated into two parts, upper layer transports, less dense than the entering Atlantic water, and lower layer transports, as dense as or denser than the Atlantic water. The largest net volume outflow occurs in the lower layer, 1.65 Sv, while the liquid freshwater is almost exclusively exported in the 0.64 Sv net outflow in upper layer, leading to unrealistically low salinities in the upper layer compared with observations. Atlantic water is north of Svalbard transformed into less saline surface water through melting of sea ice, which can supply the necessary higher salinity (halocline) water to the upper layer. 1.23 Sv of halocline water of salinity 34.2 must be added to obtain a more realistic salinity of 33.1, leading to a total export of 1.84 Sv upper ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bert Rudels Meri Korhonen Ursula Schauer Sergey Pisarev Benjamin Rabe Andreas Wisotzki |
spellingShingle |
Bert Rudels Meri Korhonen Ursula Schauer Sergey Pisarev Benjamin Rabe Andreas Wisotzki Circulation and transformation of Atlantic water in the Eurasian Basin and the contribution of the Fram Strait inflow branch to the Arctic Ocean heat budget |
author_facet |
Bert Rudels Meri Korhonen Ursula Schauer Sergey Pisarev Benjamin Rabe Andreas Wisotzki |
author_sort |
Bert Rudels |
title |
Circulation and transformation of Atlantic water in the Eurasian Basin and the contribution of the Fram Strait inflow branch to the Arctic Ocean heat budget |
title_short |
Circulation and transformation of Atlantic water in the Eurasian Basin and the contribution of the Fram Strait inflow branch to the Arctic Ocean heat budget |
title_full |
Circulation and transformation of Atlantic water in the Eurasian Basin and the contribution of the Fram Strait inflow branch to the Arctic Ocean heat budget |
title_fullStr |
Circulation and transformation of Atlantic water in the Eurasian Basin and the contribution of the Fram Strait inflow branch to the Arctic Ocean heat budget |
title_full_unstemmed |
Circulation and transformation of Atlantic water in the Eurasian Basin and the contribution of the Fram Strait inflow branch to the Arctic Ocean heat budget |
title_sort |
circulation and transformation of atlantic water in the eurasian basin and the contribution of the fram strait inflow branch to the arctic ocean heat budget |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://zenodo.org/record/28293 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2014.04.003 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(74.000,74.000,87.000,87.000) |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Svalbard Barents Sea Bering Strait Canadian Arctic Archipelago Canada Amundsen Basin |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Svalbard Barents Sea Bering Strait Canadian Arctic Archipelago Canada Amundsen Basin |
genre |
amundsen basin Arctic Archipelago Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Bering Strait Canadian Arctic Archipelago Fram Strait Nansen Basin Nordic Seas Sea ice Svalbard |
genre_facet |
amundsen basin Arctic Archipelago Arctic Arctic Ocean Barents Sea Bering Strait Canadian Arctic Archipelago Fram Strait Nansen Basin Nordic Seas Sea ice Svalbard |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/308299/ https://zenodo.org/communities/ecfunded https://zenodo.org/record/28293 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2014.04.003 oai:zenodo.org:28293 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2014.04.003 |
container_title |
Progress in Oceanography |
container_volume |
132 |
container_start_page |
128 |
op_container_end_page |
152 |
_version_ |
1766366482366726144 |