Influence of the North Atlantic SST Variability on the Atmospheric Circulation during the Twentieth Century
The ocean–atmosphere coupling in the North Atlantic is investigated during the twentieth century using maximum covariance analysis of sea surface temperature (SST) and 500-hPa geopotential height analyses and performing regressions on dynamical diagnostics such as Eady growth rate, wave activity flu...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00424.1 |
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ftzenodo:oai:zenodo.org:28279 2024-09-15T18:17:18+00:00 Influence of the North Atlantic SST Variability on the Atmospheric Circulation during the Twentieth Century Guillaume Gastineau Claude Frankignoul 2015-02-15 https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00424.1 unknown Zenodo https://zenodo.org/communities/naclim https://zenodo.org/communities/eu https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00424.1 oai:zenodo.org:28279 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode Atmosphere-ocean interaction Teleconnections North Atlantic Oscillation Climate variability Multidecadal variability info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2015 ftzenodo https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00424.1 2024-07-26T12:09:26Z The ocean–atmosphere coupling in the North Atlantic is investigated during the twentieth century using maximum covariance analysis of sea surface temperature (SST) and 500-hPa geopotential height analyses and performing regressions on dynamical diagnostics such as Eady growth rate, wave activity flux, and velocity potential. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) generates the so-called SST anomaly tripole. A rather similar SST anomaly tripole, with the subpolar anomaly displaced to the east and a more contracted subtropical anomaly, which is referred to as the North Atlantic horseshoe pattern, in turn influences the atmosphere. In the fall and early winter, the response is NAO like and primarily results from subpolar forcing centered over the Labrador Sea and off Newfoundland. In summer, the largest atmospheric response to SST resembles the east Atlantic pattern and results from a combination of subpolar and tropical forcing. To emphasize the interannual to multidecadal variability, the same analysis is repeated after low-pass filtering. The SST influence is dominated by the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO), which also has a horseshoe shape, but with larger amplitude in the subpolar basin. A warm AMO phase leads to an atmospheric warming limited to the lower troposphere in summer, while it leads to a negative phase of the NAO in winter. The winter influence of the AMO is suggested to be primarily forced by the Atlantic SSTs in the northern subtropics. Such influence of the AMO is found in winter instead of early winter because the winter SST anomalies have a larger persistence, presumably because of SST reemergence. Article in Journal/Newspaper Labrador Sea Newfoundland North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Zenodo Journal of Climate 28 4 1396 1416 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Zenodo |
op_collection_id |
ftzenodo |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Atmosphere-ocean interaction Teleconnections North Atlantic Oscillation Climate variability Multidecadal variability |
spellingShingle |
Atmosphere-ocean interaction Teleconnections North Atlantic Oscillation Climate variability Multidecadal variability Guillaume Gastineau Claude Frankignoul Influence of the North Atlantic SST Variability on the Atmospheric Circulation during the Twentieth Century |
topic_facet |
Atmosphere-ocean interaction Teleconnections North Atlantic Oscillation Climate variability Multidecadal variability |
description |
The ocean–atmosphere coupling in the North Atlantic is investigated during the twentieth century using maximum covariance analysis of sea surface temperature (SST) and 500-hPa geopotential height analyses and performing regressions on dynamical diagnostics such as Eady growth rate, wave activity flux, and velocity potential. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) generates the so-called SST anomaly tripole. A rather similar SST anomaly tripole, with the subpolar anomaly displaced to the east and a more contracted subtropical anomaly, which is referred to as the North Atlantic horseshoe pattern, in turn influences the atmosphere. In the fall and early winter, the response is NAO like and primarily results from subpolar forcing centered over the Labrador Sea and off Newfoundland. In summer, the largest atmospheric response to SST resembles the east Atlantic pattern and results from a combination of subpolar and tropical forcing. To emphasize the interannual to multidecadal variability, the same analysis is repeated after low-pass filtering. The SST influence is dominated by the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO), which also has a horseshoe shape, but with larger amplitude in the subpolar basin. A warm AMO phase leads to an atmospheric warming limited to the lower troposphere in summer, while it leads to a negative phase of the NAO in winter. The winter influence of the AMO is suggested to be primarily forced by the Atlantic SSTs in the northern subtropics. Such influence of the AMO is found in winter instead of early winter because the winter SST anomalies have a larger persistence, presumably because of SST reemergence. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Guillaume Gastineau Claude Frankignoul |
author_facet |
Guillaume Gastineau Claude Frankignoul |
author_sort |
Guillaume Gastineau |
title |
Influence of the North Atlantic SST Variability on the Atmospheric Circulation during the Twentieth Century |
title_short |
Influence of the North Atlantic SST Variability on the Atmospheric Circulation during the Twentieth Century |
title_full |
Influence of the North Atlantic SST Variability on the Atmospheric Circulation during the Twentieth Century |
title_fullStr |
Influence of the North Atlantic SST Variability on the Atmospheric Circulation during the Twentieth Century |
title_full_unstemmed |
Influence of the North Atlantic SST Variability on the Atmospheric Circulation during the Twentieth Century |
title_sort |
influence of the north atlantic sst variability on the atmospheric circulation during the twentieth century |
publisher |
Zenodo |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00424.1 |
genre |
Labrador Sea Newfoundland North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
Labrador Sea Newfoundland North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_relation |
https://zenodo.org/communities/naclim https://zenodo.org/communities/eu https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00424.1 oai:zenodo.org:28279 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00424.1 |
container_title |
Journal of Climate |
container_volume |
28 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
1396 |
op_container_end_page |
1416 |
_version_ |
1810455312487940096 |