Silicon isotopes of deep sea sponges: new insights into biomineralisation and skeletal structure
The silicon isotopic composition (δ 30 Si) of deep sea sponges’ skeletal element – spicules – reflects the silicic acid (DSi) concentration of their surrounding water and can be used as natural archives of bottom water nutrients. In order to reconstruct the past silica cycle robustly, it is essentia...
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ftzenodo:oai:zenodo.org:2645023 2024-09-15T18:24:14+00:00 Silicon isotopes of deep sea sponges: new insights into biomineralisation and skeletal structure Cassarino, Luca Coath, Christopher D Xavier, Joana R Hendry, Katharine R 2018-11-21 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6959-2018 unknown Zenodo https://www.biogeosciences.net/15/6959/2018/ https://zenodo.org/communities/sponges https://zenodo.org/communities/eu https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6959-2018 oai:zenodo.org:2645023 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode Biogeosciences, 15, 6959-6977, (2018-11-21) Porifera silicon isotopic composition European Union (EU) Horizon 2020 Grant Agreement No 679849 Deep-sea Sponge Grounds Ecosystems of the North Atlantic: an integrated approach towards their preservation and sustainable exploitation SponGES info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2018 ftzenodo https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6959-2018 2024-07-26T23:50:24Z The silicon isotopic composition (δ 30 Si) of deep sea sponges’ skeletal element – spicules – reflects the silicic acid (DSi) concentration of their surrounding water and can be used as natural archives of bottom water nutrients. In order to reconstruct the past silica cycle robustly, it is essential to better constrain the mechanisms of biosilicification, which are not yet well understood. Here, we show that the apparent isotopic fractionation (δ 30 Si) during spicule formation in deep sea sponges from the equatorial Atlantic ranges from −6.74 ‰ to −1.50 ‰ in relatively low DSi concentrations (15 to 35 μM). The wide range in isotopic composition highlights the potential difference in silicification mechanism between the two major classes, Demospongiae and Hexactinellida. We find the anomalies in the isotopic fractionation correlate with skeletal morphology, whereby fused framework structures, characterised by secondary silicification, exhibit extremely light δ 30 Si signatures compared with previous studies. Our results provide insight into the processes involved during silica deposition and indicate that reliable reconstructions of past DSi can only be obtained using silicon isotope ratios derived from sponges with certain spicule types. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. We acknowledge the science team and the crew of JC094 and Laura Robinson for cruise organisation. We would also like to thank Paul Curnow for constructive com- ments, Stuart Kearns for his SEM training and assistance, and Maria López-Acosta for her help. Finally, the funding from the Royal Society (grant code RG130386) and from the European Research Council is acknowledged. Joana R. Xavier received support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program through the SponGES project (grant agreement no. 679849). SAMPLE AVAILABILITY. Samples and sample images are available at the University of Bristol; for further detail contact Katharine R. Hendry, email address: k.hendry@bristol.ac.uk Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Zenodo Biogeosciences 15 22 6959 6977 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Zenodo |
op_collection_id |
ftzenodo |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Porifera silicon isotopic composition European Union (EU) Horizon 2020 Grant Agreement No 679849 Deep-sea Sponge Grounds Ecosystems of the North Atlantic: an integrated approach towards their preservation and sustainable exploitation SponGES |
spellingShingle |
Porifera silicon isotopic composition European Union (EU) Horizon 2020 Grant Agreement No 679849 Deep-sea Sponge Grounds Ecosystems of the North Atlantic: an integrated approach towards their preservation and sustainable exploitation SponGES Cassarino, Luca Coath, Christopher D Xavier, Joana R Hendry, Katharine R Silicon isotopes of deep sea sponges: new insights into biomineralisation and skeletal structure |
topic_facet |
Porifera silicon isotopic composition European Union (EU) Horizon 2020 Grant Agreement No 679849 Deep-sea Sponge Grounds Ecosystems of the North Atlantic: an integrated approach towards their preservation and sustainable exploitation SponGES |
description |
The silicon isotopic composition (δ 30 Si) of deep sea sponges’ skeletal element – spicules – reflects the silicic acid (DSi) concentration of their surrounding water and can be used as natural archives of bottom water nutrients. In order to reconstruct the past silica cycle robustly, it is essential to better constrain the mechanisms of biosilicification, which are not yet well understood. Here, we show that the apparent isotopic fractionation (δ 30 Si) during spicule formation in deep sea sponges from the equatorial Atlantic ranges from −6.74 ‰ to −1.50 ‰ in relatively low DSi concentrations (15 to 35 μM). The wide range in isotopic composition highlights the potential difference in silicification mechanism between the two major classes, Demospongiae and Hexactinellida. We find the anomalies in the isotopic fractionation correlate with skeletal morphology, whereby fused framework structures, characterised by secondary silicification, exhibit extremely light δ 30 Si signatures compared with previous studies. Our results provide insight into the processes involved during silica deposition and indicate that reliable reconstructions of past DSi can only be obtained using silicon isotope ratios derived from sponges with certain spicule types. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. We acknowledge the science team and the crew of JC094 and Laura Robinson for cruise organisation. We would also like to thank Paul Curnow for constructive com- ments, Stuart Kearns for his SEM training and assistance, and Maria López-Acosta for her help. Finally, the funding from the Royal Society (grant code RG130386) and from the European Research Council is acknowledged. Joana R. Xavier received support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program through the SponGES project (grant agreement no. 679849). SAMPLE AVAILABILITY. Samples and sample images are available at the University of Bristol; for further detail contact Katharine R. Hendry, email address: k.hendry@bristol.ac.uk |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cassarino, Luca Coath, Christopher D Xavier, Joana R Hendry, Katharine R |
author_facet |
Cassarino, Luca Coath, Christopher D Xavier, Joana R Hendry, Katharine R |
author_sort |
Cassarino, Luca |
title |
Silicon isotopes of deep sea sponges: new insights into biomineralisation and skeletal structure |
title_short |
Silicon isotopes of deep sea sponges: new insights into biomineralisation and skeletal structure |
title_full |
Silicon isotopes of deep sea sponges: new insights into biomineralisation and skeletal structure |
title_fullStr |
Silicon isotopes of deep sea sponges: new insights into biomineralisation and skeletal structure |
title_full_unstemmed |
Silicon isotopes of deep sea sponges: new insights into biomineralisation and skeletal structure |
title_sort |
silicon isotopes of deep sea sponges: new insights into biomineralisation and skeletal structure |
publisher |
Zenodo |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6959-2018 |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
Biogeosciences, 15, 6959-6977, (2018-11-21) |
op_relation |
https://www.biogeosciences.net/15/6959/2018/ https://zenodo.org/communities/sponges https://zenodo.org/communities/eu https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6959-2018 oai:zenodo.org:2645023 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6959-2018 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
22 |
container_start_page |
6959 |
op_container_end_page |
6977 |
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1810464550804258816 |