福建海水鱼类人工繁殖和育苗技术的现状与展望

• Main Authors: 张其永, 洪万树, 陈朴贤
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: Chinese
• Published: 2001
• Subjects: 海水鱼类; 人工繁殖; 育苗技术; 福建; Marine fish; artificial propagation; breeding technique; Fujian; Red drum; Sciaenops ocellatus
• Online Access: http://dspace.xmu.edu.cn/handle/2288/141269

自 90年代以来 ,福建海水鱼类人工繁殖和育苗技术已向着多品种和批量化方向发展 ,名特优种类不断增加 ,人工种苗为海水网箱和池塘养殖提供大量苗源 ,科研教学单位的多项育苗成果已转化为生产力 ,开始进入种苗规模化生产的可持续发展阶段 .迄今为止 ,福建海水鱼类人工繁殖和育苗成功的种类至少有 1 4科 30种 ,1 999年大黄鱼的育苗量已超过 3亿尾 ,其他年产种苗千万尾以上的海水鱼类有美国红鱼、花鲈、状黄姑鱼、真鲷 (春季生殖群体 )和花尾胡椒鲷 ;年产种苗数百万尾的有黑鲷、勒氏笛鲷、断斑石鲈、鱼和斜带髭鲷等种类 .石首鱼科鱼类已成为人工繁殖和育苗的主要对象 .本文还针对福建海水鱼类增养殖的问题 ,提出今后可持续发展的几点设想 . Since 1990's, artificial propagation and breeding technique of marine fish in Fujian have developed with increases in both species and fry number. Major cultural species are of valuable ones. Large quantities of artificial fry can meet the needs of both marine cage culture and pond culture. Experimental results obtained by scientists have been put into use in practice. Fish fry production is kept in a sustainable period of development. So far, at least 30 species( 14 families) of marine fish have been sucessfully bred in Fujian. The artificial fry number of yellow croaker ( Pseudosciaena crocea ) was over 300 million in 1999. The species whose artificial fry number has surpassed 10 million annually are red drum ( Sciaenops ocellatus ), seabass ( Lateolabrax japonicus ), grey croaker ( Nibea miichthioides ), spring spawning red seabream ( Pagrosomus major ) and tail spotted sweetlips ( Plectorhynchus cinctus ). Millions of artificial fry are bred annually in the species of black seabream ( Sparus macrocephalus ), Russell's snapper ( Lutjanus russelli ), silver spotted grunt ( Pomadasys hasta ), min croaker ( Miichthys miiuy ) and slant band grunt ( Hapalogenys nitens ), respectively. The species of the family Sciaenidae are the major fish in the artificial propagation and breeding . Some issues on aquaculture and enhancement of marine fish are also discussed and some proposals of sustainable development are put forward in this article. 福建省自然科学基金!资助项目 (C96 0 0 8)