Wikibooks: Lentis/Ecological Implications of Commercial Marine Fishing

• Format: Book
• Language: English
• Subjects: Amoroso; Jennings; Parma; North Atlantic; North Atlantic right whale; Ocean acidification
• Online Access: https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Lentis/Ecological_Implications_of_Commercial_Marine_Fishing

= Overview = Trends in many marine populations today mirror those of previous mass extinction events. While most attention is focused on climate change ocean warming and ocean acidification today the greatest declines of life in the ocean are from overfishing Jackson J. B. C. (2010). The future of the oceans past. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences 365 (1558) 3765–3778. https //doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0278 . It is predicted that there has been an 84% decline in large marine animals from historical baselines including nearly a decline of 95% in sea turtles 90% in coastal birds and 70% in whales Lotze H. K. Worm B. (2009). Historical baselines for large marine animals. Trends in Ecology Evolution 24 (5) 254–262. https //doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2008.12.004 . A number of coastal birds the North Atlantic Right Whale and all sea turtles species found in US waters are listed under the Endangered Species Act one of the most popular bipartisan conservation laws. Overfishing and climate change will send our oceans past an ecological tipping point without intervention. This may include species extinctions and irreversible change of benthic (seafloor) habitats that critically support marine biodiversity. Certain fishing methods especially bottom trawling are contributing to marine animal declines and making it harder for populations to recover due to habitat destruction Pusceddu A. Bianchelli S. Martín J. Puig P. Palanques A. Masqué P. Danovaro R. (2014). Chronic and intensive bottom trawling impairs deep sea biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111 (24) 8861–8866. https //doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1405454111 . Recovery of seafloor after trawling disturbances takes years often these areas never are able to fully recover before being fished again Hiddink J. G. Jennings S. Sciberras M. Szostek C. L. Hughes K. M. Ellis N. Rijnsdorp A. D. McConnaughey R. A. Mazor T. Hilborn R. Collie J. S. Pitcher C. R. Amoroso R. O. Parma A. M. Suuronen ...