Wikibooks: Communication Systems/Fiber Optic Systems

• Format: Book
• Language: English
• Subjects: Newfoundland
• Online Access: https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Communication_Systems/Fiber_Optic_Systems

Communication Systems/Page Wikipedia Fiber optic communication Long haul trunks were the first application of optical fiber to gain universal acceptance. Three alternate methods are coax (copper) terrestrial microwave and satellite. While microwave towers can be used to bridge relatively small bodies of water cables or satellites are needed to span oceans. Telegraph cables were first deployed in the mid 1800s and the first successful trans Atlantic cable was laid in 1858. For 100 years copper submarine cables were the principal means of communication between North America and Europe. In the 1960s satellites gained ascendancy but today fiber cable dominates. Fiber cable has some significant advantages over satellite technology • Fiber systems can be repaired geo stationary satellites cannot • Fiber systems have a slightly longer life expectancy • Fiber systems can be upgraded while in service • Fiber deployment has a lower risk than launching a satellite • Fiber propagation delay is significantly lower than satellites =Fiber Deployment (ground based)= Telecom Canada The current Trans Canada fiber system stretches some 4100 miles and includes under water links to PEI and Newfoundland. The cable is buried at a minimum depth of 5 feet in most places. The cable is buried 2 feet in rocky areas but over major rivers such as the Thompson it is 6 feet below the riverbed. Eight fibers are reserved for Trans Canada traffic with additional fibers are used for toll traffic from the participating operating companies. The cable has a Kevlar strength member surrounded by a star shaped polyethylene core which can support up to 5 fiber tubes. Each fiber tube can contain up to 6 fibers. The cable has multiple layers of protection but in avalanche prone areas it was also encased in an 8 inch steel conduit. =Submarine Fiber= Wikipedia Submarine communications cable =Optical Phenominon= =Wave Particle Duality= In 1678 Huygens showed that reflection and refraction could be explained by wave theory. While not rejecting the ...