Wikibooks: Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Nature/Volcanoes

• Format: Book
• Language: English
• Subjects: Iceland
• Online Access: https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Adventist_Youth_Honors_Answer_Book/Nature/Volcanoes

honor header 1 2007 Nature Florida Conference = 1. What is volcanology and what do volcanologists do?. = Volcanology (also spelled vulcanology ) is the study of and related phenomena. The term volcanology is derived from the word the of fire. Volcanology is a branch of . A volcanologist is a person who studies the formation of volcanoes and their current and historic eruptions. Volcanologists frequently visit volcanoes especially active ones to observe collect eruptive products including (such as or ) and samples. One major focus of enquiry is the prediction of eruptions there is currently no accurate way to do this but predicting eruptions like predicting earthquakes could save many lives. = 2. Describe the five types of volcanoes = = a. Composite = Stratovolcanoes are tall conical mountains composed of lava flows and other ejecta in alternate layers the strata that give rise to the name. Stratovolcanoes are also known as composite volcanoes. Classic examples include Mt. Fuji in Japan Mount Mayon in the Philippines and Mount Vesuvius and Stromboli in Italy. clear = b. Cinder cone = Volcanic cones or cinder cones result from eruptions that throw out mostly small pieces of scoria and pyroclastics (both resemble cinders hence the name of this volcano type) that build up around the vent. These can be relatively short lived eruptions that produce a cone shaped hill perhaps 30 to 400 m high. Most cinder cones erupt only once. Cinder cones may form as flank vents on larger volcanoes or occur on their own. Parícutin in Mexico and Sunset Crater in Arizona are examples of cinder cones. clear = c. Shield = Hawaii and Iceland are examples of places where volcanoes extrude huge quantities of basaltic lava that gradually build a wide mountain with a shield like profile. Their lava flows are generally very hot and very fluid contributing to long flows. The largest lava shield on Earth Mauna Loa rises over 9 000 m from the ocean floor is 120 km in diameter and forms part of the Big Island of Hawaii along with other shield ...