Satellite-derived submarine melt rates and mass balance (2011–2015) for Greenland's largest remaining ice tongues
© The Author(s), 2017. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in The Cryosphere 11 (2017): 2773-2782, doi:10.5194/tc-11-2773-2017. Ice-shelf-like floating extensions at the termini of Greenland glaciers are underg...
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ftwhoas:oai:darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org:1912/9437 2023-05-15T16:21:18+02:00 Satellite-derived submarine melt rates and mass balance (2011–2015) for Greenland's largest remaining ice tongues Wilson, Nathaniel J. Straneo, Fiamma Heimbach, Patrick 2017-12-05 https://hdl.handle.net/1912/9437 en_US eng Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-2773-2017 The Cryosphere 11 (2017): 2773-2782 https://hdl.handle.net/1912/9437 doi:10.5194/tc-11-2773-2017 Attribution 3.0 Unported https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ CC-BY The Cryosphere 11 (2017): 2773-2782 doi:10.5194/tc-11-2773-2017 Article 2017 ftwhoas https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-2773-2017 2022-05-28T23:00:04Z © The Author(s), 2017. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in The Cryosphere 11 (2017): 2773-2782, doi:10.5194/tc-11-2773-2017. Ice-shelf-like floating extensions at the termini of Greenland glaciers are undergoing rapid changes with potential implications for the stability of upstream glaciers and the ice sheet as a whole. While submarine melting is recognized as a major contributor to mass loss, the spatial distribution of submarine melting and its contribution to the total mass balance of these floating extensions is incompletely known and understood. Here, we use high-resolution WorldView satellite imagery collected between 2011 and 2015 to infer the magnitude and spatial variability of melt rates under Greenland's largest remaining ice tongues – Nioghalvfjerdsbræ (79 North Glacier, 79N), Ryder Glacier (RG), and Petermann Glacier (PG). Submarine melt rates under the ice tongues vary considerably, exceeding 50 m a−1 near the grounding zone and decaying rapidly downstream. Channels, likely originating from upstream subglacial channels, give rise to large melt variations across the ice tongues. We compare the total melt rates to the influx of ice to the ice tongue to assess their contribution to the current mass balance. At Petermann Glacier and Ryder Glacier, we find that the combined submarine and aerial melt approximately balances the ice flux from the grounded ice sheet. At Nioghalvfjerdsbræ the total melt flux (14.2 ± 0.96 km3 a−1 w.e., water equivalent) exceeds the inflow of ice (10.2 ± 0.59 km3 a−1 w.e.), indicating present thinning of the ice tongue. Nat Wilson, Fiammetta Straneo, and Patrick Heimbach were supported by NASA NNX13AK88G and NSF OCE 1434041. Article in Journal/Newspaper glacier Greenland Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Petermann glacier The Cryosphere Woods Hole Scientific Community: WHOAS (Woods Hole Open Access Server) Greenland Ryder ENVELOPE(-68.333,-68.333,-67.566,-67.566) Ryder Glacier ENVELOPE(-67.250,-67.250,-71.116,-71.116) The Cryosphere 11 6 2773 2782 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Woods Hole Scientific Community: WHOAS (Woods Hole Open Access Server) |
op_collection_id |
ftwhoas |
language |
English |
description |
© The Author(s), 2017. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in The Cryosphere 11 (2017): 2773-2782, doi:10.5194/tc-11-2773-2017. Ice-shelf-like floating extensions at the termini of Greenland glaciers are undergoing rapid changes with potential implications for the stability of upstream glaciers and the ice sheet as a whole. While submarine melting is recognized as a major contributor to mass loss, the spatial distribution of submarine melting and its contribution to the total mass balance of these floating extensions is incompletely known and understood. Here, we use high-resolution WorldView satellite imagery collected between 2011 and 2015 to infer the magnitude and spatial variability of melt rates under Greenland's largest remaining ice tongues – Nioghalvfjerdsbræ (79 North Glacier, 79N), Ryder Glacier (RG), and Petermann Glacier (PG). Submarine melt rates under the ice tongues vary considerably, exceeding 50 m a−1 near the grounding zone and decaying rapidly downstream. Channels, likely originating from upstream subglacial channels, give rise to large melt variations across the ice tongues. We compare the total melt rates to the influx of ice to the ice tongue to assess their contribution to the current mass balance. At Petermann Glacier and Ryder Glacier, we find that the combined submarine and aerial melt approximately balances the ice flux from the grounded ice sheet. At Nioghalvfjerdsbræ the total melt flux (14.2 ± 0.96 km3 a−1 w.e., water equivalent) exceeds the inflow of ice (10.2 ± 0.59 km3 a−1 w.e.), indicating present thinning of the ice tongue. Nat Wilson, Fiammetta Straneo, and Patrick Heimbach were supported by NASA NNX13AK88G and NSF OCE 1434041. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Wilson, Nathaniel J. Straneo, Fiamma Heimbach, Patrick |
spellingShingle |
Wilson, Nathaniel J. Straneo, Fiamma Heimbach, Patrick Satellite-derived submarine melt rates and mass balance (2011–2015) for Greenland's largest remaining ice tongues |
author_facet |
Wilson, Nathaniel J. Straneo, Fiamma Heimbach, Patrick |
author_sort |
Wilson, Nathaniel J. |
title |
Satellite-derived submarine melt rates and mass balance (2011–2015) for Greenland's largest remaining ice tongues |
title_short |
Satellite-derived submarine melt rates and mass balance (2011–2015) for Greenland's largest remaining ice tongues |
title_full |
Satellite-derived submarine melt rates and mass balance (2011–2015) for Greenland's largest remaining ice tongues |
title_fullStr |
Satellite-derived submarine melt rates and mass balance (2011–2015) for Greenland's largest remaining ice tongues |
title_full_unstemmed |
Satellite-derived submarine melt rates and mass balance (2011–2015) for Greenland's largest remaining ice tongues |
title_sort |
satellite-derived submarine melt rates and mass balance (2011–2015) for greenland's largest remaining ice tongues |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1912/9437 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-68.333,-68.333,-67.566,-67.566) ENVELOPE(-67.250,-67.250,-71.116,-71.116) |
geographic |
Greenland Ryder Ryder Glacier |
geographic_facet |
Greenland Ryder Ryder Glacier |
genre |
glacier Greenland Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Petermann glacier The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
glacier Greenland Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Petermann glacier The Cryosphere |
op_source |
The Cryosphere 11 (2017): 2773-2782 doi:10.5194/tc-11-2773-2017 |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-2773-2017 The Cryosphere 11 (2017): 2773-2782 https://hdl.handle.net/1912/9437 doi:10.5194/tc-11-2773-2017 |
op_rights |
Attribution 3.0 Unported https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-2773-2017 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
2773 |
op_container_end_page |
2782 |
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1766009320534704128 |