Clicking for calamari : toothed whales can echolocate squid Loligo pealeii
Author Posting. © Inter-Research, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of Inter-Research for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Aquatic Biology 1 (2007): 141-150, doi:10.3354/ab00014. Squid play an important role in biomass turnover in marine eco...
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ftwhoas:oai:darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org:1912/4514 2023-05-15T18:33:24+02:00 Clicking for calamari : toothed whales can echolocate squid Loligo pealeii Madsen, Peter T. Wilson, M. Johnson, Mark P. Hanlon, Roger T. Bocconcelli, Alessandro Aguilar De Soto, Natacha Tyack, Peter L. 2007-11-27 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/1912/4514 en eng Inter-Research https://doi.org/10.3354/ab00014 Aquatic Biology 1 (2007): 141-150 https://hdl.handle.net/1912/4514 doi:10.3354/ab00014 Aquatic Biology 1 (2007): 141-150 doi:10.3354/ab00014 Squid Predator Prey Echolocation Toothed whale Target strength Article 2007 ftwhoas https://doi.org/10.3354/ab00014 2022-05-28T22:58:20Z Author Posting. © Inter-Research, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of Inter-Research for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Aquatic Biology 1 (2007): 141-150, doi:10.3354/ab00014. Squid play an important role in biomass turnover in marine ecosystems and constitute a food source for ~90% of all echolocating toothed whale species. Nonetheless, it has been hypothesized that the soft bodies of squid provide echoes too weak to be detected by toothed whale biosonars, and that only the few hard parts of the squid body may generate significant backscatter. We measured the acoustic backscatter from the common squid Loligo pealeii for signals similar to toothed whale echolocation clicks using an energy detector to mimic the mammalian auditory system. We show that the dorsal target strengths of L. pealeii with mantle lengths between 23 and 26 cm fall in the range from –38 to –44 dB, and that the pen, beak and lenses do not contribute significantly to the backscatter. Thus, the muscular mantle and fins of L. pealeii constitute a sufficient sonar target for individual biosonar detection by toothed whales at ranges between 25 and 325 m, depending on squid size, noise levels, click source levels, and orientation of the ensonified squid. While epipelagic squid must be fast and muscular to catch prey and avoid visual predators, it is hypothesized that some deep-water squid may have adopted passive acoustic crypsis, with a body of low muscle mass and low metabolism that will render them less conspicuous to echolocating predators. This study was funded by the Oticon Foundation with additional support from Reson, and a Steno scholarship to P.T.M. from the Danish Natural Science Research Council. M.W. was funded by a PhD scholarship from the Faculty of Natural Sciences at Aarhus University and the PhD School SOAS. R.T.H. acknowledges partial funding from NOAA/NURP grant UAF-05-0133. Article in Journal/Newspaper toothed whale toothed whales Woods Hole Scientific Community: WHOAS (Woods Hole Open Access Server) Aquatic Biology 1 141 150 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Woods Hole Scientific Community: WHOAS (Woods Hole Open Access Server) |
op_collection_id |
ftwhoas |
language |
English |
topic |
Squid Predator Prey Echolocation Toothed whale Target strength |
spellingShingle |
Squid Predator Prey Echolocation Toothed whale Target strength Madsen, Peter T. Wilson, M. Johnson, Mark P. Hanlon, Roger T. Bocconcelli, Alessandro Aguilar De Soto, Natacha Tyack, Peter L. Clicking for calamari : toothed whales can echolocate squid Loligo pealeii |
topic_facet |
Squid Predator Prey Echolocation Toothed whale Target strength |
description |
Author Posting. © Inter-Research, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of Inter-Research for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Aquatic Biology 1 (2007): 141-150, doi:10.3354/ab00014. Squid play an important role in biomass turnover in marine ecosystems and constitute a food source for ~90% of all echolocating toothed whale species. Nonetheless, it has been hypothesized that the soft bodies of squid provide echoes too weak to be detected by toothed whale biosonars, and that only the few hard parts of the squid body may generate significant backscatter. We measured the acoustic backscatter from the common squid Loligo pealeii for signals similar to toothed whale echolocation clicks using an energy detector to mimic the mammalian auditory system. We show that the dorsal target strengths of L. pealeii with mantle lengths between 23 and 26 cm fall in the range from –38 to –44 dB, and that the pen, beak and lenses do not contribute significantly to the backscatter. Thus, the muscular mantle and fins of L. pealeii constitute a sufficient sonar target for individual biosonar detection by toothed whales at ranges between 25 and 325 m, depending on squid size, noise levels, click source levels, and orientation of the ensonified squid. While epipelagic squid must be fast and muscular to catch prey and avoid visual predators, it is hypothesized that some deep-water squid may have adopted passive acoustic crypsis, with a body of low muscle mass and low metabolism that will render them less conspicuous to echolocating predators. This study was funded by the Oticon Foundation with additional support from Reson, and a Steno scholarship to P.T.M. from the Danish Natural Science Research Council. M.W. was funded by a PhD scholarship from the Faculty of Natural Sciences at Aarhus University and the PhD School SOAS. R.T.H. acknowledges partial funding from NOAA/NURP grant UAF-05-0133. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Madsen, Peter T. Wilson, M. Johnson, Mark P. Hanlon, Roger T. Bocconcelli, Alessandro Aguilar De Soto, Natacha Tyack, Peter L. |
author_facet |
Madsen, Peter T. Wilson, M. Johnson, Mark P. Hanlon, Roger T. Bocconcelli, Alessandro Aguilar De Soto, Natacha Tyack, Peter L. |
author_sort |
Madsen, Peter T. |
title |
Clicking for calamari : toothed whales can echolocate squid Loligo pealeii |
title_short |
Clicking for calamari : toothed whales can echolocate squid Loligo pealeii |
title_full |
Clicking for calamari : toothed whales can echolocate squid Loligo pealeii |
title_fullStr |
Clicking for calamari : toothed whales can echolocate squid Loligo pealeii |
title_full_unstemmed |
Clicking for calamari : toothed whales can echolocate squid Loligo pealeii |
title_sort |
clicking for calamari : toothed whales can echolocate squid loligo pealeii |
publisher |
Inter-Research |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1912/4514 |
genre |
toothed whale toothed whales |
genre_facet |
toothed whale toothed whales |
op_source |
Aquatic Biology 1 (2007): 141-150 doi:10.3354/ab00014 |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.3354/ab00014 Aquatic Biology 1 (2007): 141-150 https://hdl.handle.net/1912/4514 doi:10.3354/ab00014 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3354/ab00014 |
container_title |
Aquatic Biology |
container_volume |
1 |
container_start_page |
141 |
op_container_end_page |
150 |
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1766218007724425216 |