Automated ice-tethered profilers for seawater observations under pack ice in all seasons
Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2008. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 25 (2008): 2091-2105, doi:10.1175/2008...
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ftwhoas:oai:darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org:1912/4031 2023-05-15T15:02:07+02:00 Automated ice-tethered profilers for seawater observations under pack ice in all seasons Krishfield, Richard A. Toole, John M. Proshutinsky, Andrey Timmermans, Mary-Louise 2008-11 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/1912/4031 en_US eng American Meteorological Society https://doi.org/10.1175/2008JTECHO587.1 Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 25 (2008): 2091-2105 https://hdl.handle.net/1912/4031 doi:10.1175/2008JTECHO587.1 Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 25 (2008): 2091-2105 doi:10.1175/2008JTECHO587.1 Profilers Sea ice Instrumentation/sensors Arctic Article 2008 ftwhoas https://doi.org/10.1175/2008JTECHO587.1 2022-05-28T22:58:09Z Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2008. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 25 (2008): 2091-2105, doi:10.1175/2008JTECHO587.1. An automated, easily deployed Ice-Tethered Profiler (ITP) instrument system, developed for deployment on perennial sea ice in the polar oceans to measure changes in upper ocean water properties in all seasons, is described, and representative data from prototype instruments are presented. The ITP instrument consists of three components: a surface subsystem that sits atop an ice floe; a weighted, plastic-jacketed wire-rope tether of arbitrary length (up to 800 m) suspended from the surface element; and an instrumented underwater unit that employs a traction drive to profile up and down the wire tether. ITPs profile the water column at a programmed sampling interval; after each profile, the underwater unit transfers two files holding oceanographic and engineering data to the surface unit using an inductive modem and from the surface instrument to a shore-based data server using an Iridium transmitter. The surface instrument also accumulates battery voltage readings, buoy temperature data, and locations from a GPS receiver at a specified interval (usually every hour) and transmits those data daily. Oceanographic and engineering data are processed, displayed, and made available in near–real time (available online at http://www.whoi.edu/itp). Six ITPs were deployed in the Arctic Ocean between 2004 and 2006 in the Beaufort gyre with various programmed sampling schedules of two to six one-way traverses per day between 10- and 750–760-m depth, providing more than 5300 profiles in all seasons (as of July 2007). The acquired CTD profile data document interesting spatial variations in the major water masses of the Canada Basin, show the double-diffusive thermohaline staircase that lies above the warm, salty ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean canada basin Sea ice Woods Hole Scientific Community: WHOAS (Woods Hole Open Access Server) Arctic Arctic Ocean Canada Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 25 11 2091 2105 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Woods Hole Scientific Community: WHOAS (Woods Hole Open Access Server) |
op_collection_id |
ftwhoas |
language |
English |
topic |
Profilers Sea ice Instrumentation/sensors Arctic |
spellingShingle |
Profilers Sea ice Instrumentation/sensors Arctic Krishfield, Richard A. Toole, John M. Proshutinsky, Andrey Timmermans, Mary-Louise Automated ice-tethered profilers for seawater observations under pack ice in all seasons |
topic_facet |
Profilers Sea ice Instrumentation/sensors Arctic |
description |
Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2008. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 25 (2008): 2091-2105, doi:10.1175/2008JTECHO587.1. An automated, easily deployed Ice-Tethered Profiler (ITP) instrument system, developed for deployment on perennial sea ice in the polar oceans to measure changes in upper ocean water properties in all seasons, is described, and representative data from prototype instruments are presented. The ITP instrument consists of three components: a surface subsystem that sits atop an ice floe; a weighted, plastic-jacketed wire-rope tether of arbitrary length (up to 800 m) suspended from the surface element; and an instrumented underwater unit that employs a traction drive to profile up and down the wire tether. ITPs profile the water column at a programmed sampling interval; after each profile, the underwater unit transfers two files holding oceanographic and engineering data to the surface unit using an inductive modem and from the surface instrument to a shore-based data server using an Iridium transmitter. The surface instrument also accumulates battery voltage readings, buoy temperature data, and locations from a GPS receiver at a specified interval (usually every hour) and transmits those data daily. Oceanographic and engineering data are processed, displayed, and made available in near–real time (available online at http://www.whoi.edu/itp). Six ITPs were deployed in the Arctic Ocean between 2004 and 2006 in the Beaufort gyre with various programmed sampling schedules of two to six one-way traverses per day between 10- and 750–760-m depth, providing more than 5300 profiles in all seasons (as of July 2007). The acquired CTD profile data document interesting spatial variations in the major water masses of the Canada Basin, show the double-diffusive thermohaline staircase that lies above the warm, salty ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Krishfield, Richard A. Toole, John M. Proshutinsky, Andrey Timmermans, Mary-Louise |
author_facet |
Krishfield, Richard A. Toole, John M. Proshutinsky, Andrey Timmermans, Mary-Louise |
author_sort |
Krishfield, Richard A. |
title |
Automated ice-tethered profilers for seawater observations under pack ice in all seasons |
title_short |
Automated ice-tethered profilers for seawater observations under pack ice in all seasons |
title_full |
Automated ice-tethered profilers for seawater observations under pack ice in all seasons |
title_fullStr |
Automated ice-tethered profilers for seawater observations under pack ice in all seasons |
title_full_unstemmed |
Automated ice-tethered profilers for seawater observations under pack ice in all seasons |
title_sort |
automated ice-tethered profilers for seawater observations under pack ice in all seasons |
publisher |
American Meteorological Society |
publishDate |
2008 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1912/4031 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Canada |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Canada |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean canada basin Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean canada basin Sea ice |
op_source |
Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 25 (2008): 2091-2105 doi:10.1175/2008JTECHO587.1 |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1175/2008JTECHO587.1 Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 25 (2008): 2091-2105 https://hdl.handle.net/1912/4031 doi:10.1175/2008JTECHO587.1 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1175/2008JTECHO587.1 |
container_title |
Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology |
container_volume |
25 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
2091 |
op_container_end_page |
2105 |
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1766334102961651712 |