Inverse estimates of anthropogenic CO2 uptake, transport, and storage by the ocean
Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2006. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Global Biogeochemical Cycles 20 (2006): GB2002, doi:10.1029/2005GB002530. Regional air-sea flu...
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ftwhoas:oai:darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org:1912/3400 2023-05-15T18:24:59+02:00 Inverse estimates of anthropogenic CO2 uptake, transport, and storage by the ocean Mikaloff Fletcher, Sara E. Gruber, Nicolas Jacobson, Andrew R. Doney, Scott C. Dutkiewicz, Stephanie Gerber, Markus Follows, Michael J. Joos, Fortunat Lindsay, Keith Menemenlis, Dimitris Mouchet, Anne Muller, Simon A. Sarmiento, Jorge L. 2006-04-05 application/pdf text/plain application/postscript application/x-tex https://hdl.handle.net/1912/3400 en_US eng American Geophysical Union https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GB002530 Global Biogeochemical Cycles 20 (2006): GB2002 https://hdl.handle.net/1912/3400 doi:10.1029/2005GB002530 Global Biogeochemical Cycles 20 (2006): GB2002 doi:10.1029/2005GB002530 Anthropogenic CO2 Carbon cycle Inverse modeling Article 2006 ftwhoas https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GB002530 2022-05-28T22:57:55Z Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2006. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Global Biogeochemical Cycles 20 (2006): GB2002, doi:10.1029/2005GB002530. Regional air-sea fluxes of anthropogenic CO2 are estimated using a Green's function inversion method that combines data-based estimates of anthropogenic CO2 in the ocean with information about ocean transport and mixing from a suite of Ocean General Circulation Models (OGCMs). In order to quantify the uncertainty associated with the estimated fluxes owing to modeled transport and errors in the data, we employ 10 OGCMs and three scenarios representing biases in the data-based anthropogenic CO2 estimates. On the basis of the prescribed anthropogenic CO2 storage, we find a global uptake of 2.2 ± 0.25 Pg C yr−1, scaled to 1995. This error estimate represents the standard deviation of the models weighted by a CFC-based model skill score, which reduces the error range and emphasizes those models that have been shown to reproduce observed tracer concentrations most accurately. The greatest anthropogenic CO2 uptake occurs in the Southern Ocean and in the tropics. The flux estimates imply vigorous northward transport in the Southern Hemisphere, northward cross-equatorial transport, and equatorward transport at high northern latitudes. Compared with forward simulations, we find substantially more uptake in the Southern Ocean, less uptake in the Pacific Ocean, and less global uptake. The large-scale spatial pattern of the estimated flux is generally insensitive to possible biases in the data and the models employed. However, the global uptake scales approximately linearly with changes in the global anthropogenic CO2 inventory. Considerable uncertainties remain in some regions, particularly the Southern Ocean. This research was financially supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant NAG5- 12528. N. G. also ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Southern Ocean Woods Hole Scientific Community: WHOAS (Woods Hole Open Access Server) Pacific Southern Ocean Global Biogeochemical Cycles 20 2 n/a n/a |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Woods Hole Scientific Community: WHOAS (Woods Hole Open Access Server) |
op_collection_id |
ftwhoas |
language |
English |
topic |
Anthropogenic CO2 Carbon cycle Inverse modeling |
spellingShingle |
Anthropogenic CO2 Carbon cycle Inverse modeling Mikaloff Fletcher, Sara E. Gruber, Nicolas Jacobson, Andrew R. Doney, Scott C. Dutkiewicz, Stephanie Gerber, Markus Follows, Michael J. Joos, Fortunat Lindsay, Keith Menemenlis, Dimitris Mouchet, Anne Muller, Simon A. Sarmiento, Jorge L. Inverse estimates of anthropogenic CO2 uptake, transport, and storage by the ocean |
topic_facet |
Anthropogenic CO2 Carbon cycle Inverse modeling |
description |
Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2006. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Global Biogeochemical Cycles 20 (2006): GB2002, doi:10.1029/2005GB002530. Regional air-sea fluxes of anthropogenic CO2 are estimated using a Green's function inversion method that combines data-based estimates of anthropogenic CO2 in the ocean with information about ocean transport and mixing from a suite of Ocean General Circulation Models (OGCMs). In order to quantify the uncertainty associated with the estimated fluxes owing to modeled transport and errors in the data, we employ 10 OGCMs and three scenarios representing biases in the data-based anthropogenic CO2 estimates. On the basis of the prescribed anthropogenic CO2 storage, we find a global uptake of 2.2 ± 0.25 Pg C yr−1, scaled to 1995. This error estimate represents the standard deviation of the models weighted by a CFC-based model skill score, which reduces the error range and emphasizes those models that have been shown to reproduce observed tracer concentrations most accurately. The greatest anthropogenic CO2 uptake occurs in the Southern Ocean and in the tropics. The flux estimates imply vigorous northward transport in the Southern Hemisphere, northward cross-equatorial transport, and equatorward transport at high northern latitudes. Compared with forward simulations, we find substantially more uptake in the Southern Ocean, less uptake in the Pacific Ocean, and less global uptake. The large-scale spatial pattern of the estimated flux is generally insensitive to possible biases in the data and the models employed. However, the global uptake scales approximately linearly with changes in the global anthropogenic CO2 inventory. Considerable uncertainties remain in some regions, particularly the Southern Ocean. This research was financially supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant NAG5- 12528. N. G. also ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mikaloff Fletcher, Sara E. Gruber, Nicolas Jacobson, Andrew R. Doney, Scott C. Dutkiewicz, Stephanie Gerber, Markus Follows, Michael J. Joos, Fortunat Lindsay, Keith Menemenlis, Dimitris Mouchet, Anne Muller, Simon A. Sarmiento, Jorge L. |
author_facet |
Mikaloff Fletcher, Sara E. Gruber, Nicolas Jacobson, Andrew R. Doney, Scott C. Dutkiewicz, Stephanie Gerber, Markus Follows, Michael J. Joos, Fortunat Lindsay, Keith Menemenlis, Dimitris Mouchet, Anne Muller, Simon A. Sarmiento, Jorge L. |
author_sort |
Mikaloff Fletcher, Sara E. |
title |
Inverse estimates of anthropogenic CO2 uptake, transport, and storage by the ocean |
title_short |
Inverse estimates of anthropogenic CO2 uptake, transport, and storage by the ocean |
title_full |
Inverse estimates of anthropogenic CO2 uptake, transport, and storage by the ocean |
title_fullStr |
Inverse estimates of anthropogenic CO2 uptake, transport, and storage by the ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Inverse estimates of anthropogenic CO2 uptake, transport, and storage by the ocean |
title_sort |
inverse estimates of anthropogenic co2 uptake, transport, and storage by the ocean |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union |
publishDate |
2006 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1912/3400 |
geographic |
Pacific Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Pacific Southern Ocean |
genre |
Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Global Biogeochemical Cycles 20 (2006): GB2002 doi:10.1029/2005GB002530 |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GB002530 Global Biogeochemical Cycles 20 (2006): GB2002 https://hdl.handle.net/1912/3400 doi:10.1029/2005GB002530 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GB002530 |
container_title |
Global Biogeochemical Cycles |
container_volume |
20 |
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2 |
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1766206066097389568 |