Structure, variability, and dynamics of the West Greenland Boundary Current System
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution February 2022. The ventilation of intermediate waters in the Labrador Sea has important implications for the strength...
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
2022
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ftwhoas:oai:darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org:1912/27886 2023-05-15T15:15:21+02:00 Structure, variability, and dynamics of the West Greenland Boundary Current System Pacini, Astrid Pickart, Robert S. 2022-02 https://hdl.handle.net/1912/27886 en_US eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution WHOI Theses https://hdl.handle.net/1912/27886 doi:10.1575/1912/27886 doi:10.1575/1912/27886 Boundary current dynamics Labrador sea water formation Eddies Thesis 2022 ftwhoas https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/27886 2022-10-22T22:57:11Z Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution February 2022. The ventilation of intermediate waters in the Labrador Sea has important implications for the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Boundary current-interior interactions regulate the exchange of properties between the slope and the basin, which in turn regulates the magnitude of interior convection and the export of ventilated waters from the subpolar gyre. This thesis characterizes theWest Greenland Boundary Current System near Cape Farewell across a range of spatio-temporal scales. The boundary current system is composed of three velocity cores: (1) the West Greenland Coastal Current (WGCC), transporting Greenland and Arctic meltwaters on the shelf; (2) the West Greenland Current (WGC), which advects warm, saline Atlantic-origin water at depth, meltwaters at the surface, and newly-ventilated Labrador Sea Water (LSW); and (3) the Deep Western Boundary Current, which carries dense overflow waters ventilated in the Nordic Seas. The seasonal presence of the LSW and Atlantic-origin water are dictated by air-sea buoyancy forcing, while the seasonality of the WGCC is governed by remote wind forcing and the propagation of coastally trapped waves from East Greenland. Using mooring data and hydrographic surveys, we demonstrate mid-depth intensified cyclones generated at Denmark Strait are found offshore of the WGC and enhance the overflow water transport at synoptic timescales. Using mooring, hydrographic, and satellite data, we demonstrate that the WGC undergoes extensive meandering due to baroclinic instability that is enhanced in winter due to LSW formation adjacent to the current. This leads to the production of small-scale, anticyclonic eddies that can account for the entirety of wintertime heat loss within the Labrador Sea. The meanders are shown to trigger the formation of Irminger Rings ... Thesis Arctic Cape Farewell Denmark Strait East Greenland Greenland Labrador Sea Nordic Seas Woods Hole Scientific Community: WHOAS (Woods Hole Open Access Server) Arctic Greenland |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Woods Hole Scientific Community: WHOAS (Woods Hole Open Access Server) |
op_collection_id |
ftwhoas |
language |
English |
topic |
Boundary current dynamics Labrador sea water formation Eddies |
spellingShingle |
Boundary current dynamics Labrador sea water formation Eddies Pacini, Astrid Structure, variability, and dynamics of the West Greenland Boundary Current System |
topic_facet |
Boundary current dynamics Labrador sea water formation Eddies |
description |
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution February 2022. The ventilation of intermediate waters in the Labrador Sea has important implications for the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Boundary current-interior interactions regulate the exchange of properties between the slope and the basin, which in turn regulates the magnitude of interior convection and the export of ventilated waters from the subpolar gyre. This thesis characterizes theWest Greenland Boundary Current System near Cape Farewell across a range of spatio-temporal scales. The boundary current system is composed of three velocity cores: (1) the West Greenland Coastal Current (WGCC), transporting Greenland and Arctic meltwaters on the shelf; (2) the West Greenland Current (WGC), which advects warm, saline Atlantic-origin water at depth, meltwaters at the surface, and newly-ventilated Labrador Sea Water (LSW); and (3) the Deep Western Boundary Current, which carries dense overflow waters ventilated in the Nordic Seas. The seasonal presence of the LSW and Atlantic-origin water are dictated by air-sea buoyancy forcing, while the seasonality of the WGCC is governed by remote wind forcing and the propagation of coastally trapped waves from East Greenland. Using mooring data and hydrographic surveys, we demonstrate mid-depth intensified cyclones generated at Denmark Strait are found offshore of the WGC and enhance the overflow water transport at synoptic timescales. Using mooring, hydrographic, and satellite data, we demonstrate that the WGC undergoes extensive meandering due to baroclinic instability that is enhanced in winter due to LSW formation adjacent to the current. This leads to the production of small-scale, anticyclonic eddies that can account for the entirety of wintertime heat loss within the Labrador Sea. The meanders are shown to trigger the formation of Irminger Rings ... |
author2 |
Pickart, Robert S. |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Pacini, Astrid |
author_facet |
Pacini, Astrid |
author_sort |
Pacini, Astrid |
title |
Structure, variability, and dynamics of the West Greenland Boundary Current System |
title_short |
Structure, variability, and dynamics of the West Greenland Boundary Current System |
title_full |
Structure, variability, and dynamics of the West Greenland Boundary Current System |
title_fullStr |
Structure, variability, and dynamics of the West Greenland Boundary Current System |
title_full_unstemmed |
Structure, variability, and dynamics of the West Greenland Boundary Current System |
title_sort |
structure, variability, and dynamics of the west greenland boundary current system |
publisher |
Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1912/27886 |
geographic |
Arctic Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Greenland |
genre |
Arctic Cape Farewell Denmark Strait East Greenland Greenland Labrador Sea Nordic Seas |
genre_facet |
Arctic Cape Farewell Denmark Strait East Greenland Greenland Labrador Sea Nordic Seas |
op_source |
doi:10.1575/1912/27886 |
op_relation |
WHOI Theses https://hdl.handle.net/1912/27886 doi:10.1575/1912/27886 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/27886 |
_version_ |
1766345725235429376 |