Bowhead whales use two foraging strategies in response to fine-scale differences in zooplankton vertical distribution
© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Fortune, S. M. E., Ferguson, S. H., Trites, A. W., Hudson, J. M., & Baumgartner, M. F. Bowhead whales use two foraging strategies in response to...
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1912/26494 |
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ftwhoas:oai:darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org:1912/26494 2023-05-15T15:15:21+02:00 Bowhead whales use two foraging strategies in response to fine-scale differences in zooplankton vertical distribution Fortune, Sarah M. E. Ferguson, Steven H. Trites, Andrew W. Hudson, Justine M. Baumgartner, Mark F. 2020-11-20 https://hdl.handle.net/1912/26494 unknown Nature Research https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76071-9 Fortune, S. M. E., Ferguson, S. H., Trites, A. W., Hudson, J. M., & Baumgartner, M. F. (2020). Bowhead whales use two foraging strategies in response to fine-scale differences in zooplankton vertical distribution. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 20249. https://hdl.handle.net/1912/26494 doi:10.1038/s41598-020-76071-9 Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ CC-BY Fortune, S. M. E., Ferguson, S. H., Trites, A. W., Hudson, J. M., & Baumgartner, M. F. (2020). Bowhead whales use two foraging strategies in response to fine-scale differences in zooplankton vertical distribution. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 20249. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-76071-9 Article 2020 ftwhoas https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76071-9 2022-05-28T23:03:55Z © The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Fortune, S. M. E., Ferguson, S. H., Trites, A. W., Hudson, J. M., & Baumgartner, M. F. Bowhead whales use two foraging strategies in response to fine-scale differences in zooplankton vertical distribution. Scientific Reports, 10(1), (2020): 20249, doi:10.1038/s41598-020-76071-9. As zooplanktivorous predators, bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) must routinely locate patches of prey that are energy-rich enough to meet their metabolic needs. However, little is known about how the quality and quantity of prey might influence their feeding behaviours. We addressed this question using a new approach that included: (1) multi-scale biologging and unmanned aerial system observations of bowhead whales in Cumberland Sound, Nunavut (Canada), and (2) an optical plankton counter (OPC) and net collections to identify and enumerate copepod prey species through the water column. The OPC data revealed two prey layers comprised almost exclusively of lipid-rich calanoid copepods. The deep layer contained fewer, but larger, particles (10% greater overall biomass) than the shallow prey layer. Dive data indicated that the whales conducted long deep Square-shaped dives (80% of dives; averaging depth of 260.4 m) and short shallow Square-shaped dives (16%; averaging depth of 22.5 m) to feed. The whales tended to dive proportionally more to the greater biomass of zooplankton that occurred at depth. Combining behavioural recordings with prey sampling showed a more complex feeding ecology than previously understood, and provides a means to evaluate the energetic balance of individuals under current environmental conditions. Funding was awarded to S.H.F and provided by: Fisheries and Oceans Canada (Emerging Fisheries), World Wildlife Fund Canada (Arctic Species Conservation Fund), Nunavut Wildlife Research Trust Fund, Nunavut General Monitoring Program, Ocean Tracking Network and ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Balaena mysticetus Cumberland Sound Nunavut Zooplankton Copepods Woods Hole Scientific Community: WHOAS (Woods Hole Open Access Server) Arctic Canada Cumberland Sound ENVELOPE(-66.014,-66.014,65.334,65.334) Ferguson ENVELOPE(-168.583,-168.583,-84.933,-84.933) Hudson Nunavut Scientific Reports 10 1 |
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Open Polar |
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Woods Hole Scientific Community: WHOAS (Woods Hole Open Access Server) |
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description |
© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Fortune, S. M. E., Ferguson, S. H., Trites, A. W., Hudson, J. M., & Baumgartner, M. F. Bowhead whales use two foraging strategies in response to fine-scale differences in zooplankton vertical distribution. Scientific Reports, 10(1), (2020): 20249, doi:10.1038/s41598-020-76071-9. As zooplanktivorous predators, bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) must routinely locate patches of prey that are energy-rich enough to meet their metabolic needs. However, little is known about how the quality and quantity of prey might influence their feeding behaviours. We addressed this question using a new approach that included: (1) multi-scale biologging and unmanned aerial system observations of bowhead whales in Cumberland Sound, Nunavut (Canada), and (2) an optical plankton counter (OPC) and net collections to identify and enumerate copepod prey species through the water column. The OPC data revealed two prey layers comprised almost exclusively of lipid-rich calanoid copepods. The deep layer contained fewer, but larger, particles (10% greater overall biomass) than the shallow prey layer. Dive data indicated that the whales conducted long deep Square-shaped dives (80% of dives; averaging depth of 260.4 m) and short shallow Square-shaped dives (16%; averaging depth of 22.5 m) to feed. The whales tended to dive proportionally more to the greater biomass of zooplankton that occurred at depth. Combining behavioural recordings with prey sampling showed a more complex feeding ecology than previously understood, and provides a means to evaluate the energetic balance of individuals under current environmental conditions. Funding was awarded to S.H.F and provided by: Fisheries and Oceans Canada (Emerging Fisheries), World Wildlife Fund Canada (Arctic Species Conservation Fund), Nunavut Wildlife Research Trust Fund, Nunavut General Monitoring Program, Ocean Tracking Network and ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Fortune, Sarah M. E. Ferguson, Steven H. Trites, Andrew W. Hudson, Justine M. Baumgartner, Mark F. |
spellingShingle |
Fortune, Sarah M. E. Ferguson, Steven H. Trites, Andrew W. Hudson, Justine M. Baumgartner, Mark F. Bowhead whales use two foraging strategies in response to fine-scale differences in zooplankton vertical distribution |
author_facet |
Fortune, Sarah M. E. Ferguson, Steven H. Trites, Andrew W. Hudson, Justine M. Baumgartner, Mark F. |
author_sort |
Fortune, Sarah M. E. |
title |
Bowhead whales use two foraging strategies in response to fine-scale differences in zooplankton vertical distribution |
title_short |
Bowhead whales use two foraging strategies in response to fine-scale differences in zooplankton vertical distribution |
title_full |
Bowhead whales use two foraging strategies in response to fine-scale differences in zooplankton vertical distribution |
title_fullStr |
Bowhead whales use two foraging strategies in response to fine-scale differences in zooplankton vertical distribution |
title_full_unstemmed |
Bowhead whales use two foraging strategies in response to fine-scale differences in zooplankton vertical distribution |
title_sort |
bowhead whales use two foraging strategies in response to fine-scale differences in zooplankton vertical distribution |
publisher |
Nature Research |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1912/26494 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-66.014,-66.014,65.334,65.334) ENVELOPE(-168.583,-168.583,-84.933,-84.933) |
geographic |
Arctic Canada Cumberland Sound Ferguson Hudson Nunavut |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Canada Cumberland Sound Ferguson Hudson Nunavut |
genre |
Arctic Balaena mysticetus Cumberland Sound Nunavut Zooplankton Copepods |
genre_facet |
Arctic Balaena mysticetus Cumberland Sound Nunavut Zooplankton Copepods |
op_source |
Fortune, S. M. E., Ferguson, S. H., Trites, A. W., Hudson, J. M., & Baumgartner, M. F. (2020). Bowhead whales use two foraging strategies in response to fine-scale differences in zooplankton vertical distribution. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 20249. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-76071-9 |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76071-9 Fortune, S. M. E., Ferguson, S. H., Trites, A. W., Hudson, J. M., & Baumgartner, M. F. (2020). Bowhead whales use two foraging strategies in response to fine-scale differences in zooplankton vertical distribution. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 20249. https://hdl.handle.net/1912/26494 doi:10.1038/s41598-020-76071-9 |
op_rights |
Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76071-9 |
container_title |
Scientific Reports |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1766345723308146688 |