Impact of multidecadal variability in Atlantic SST on winter atmospheric blocking
© The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Kwon, Y., Seo, H., Ummenhofer, C. C., & Joyce, T. M. Impact of multidecadal variability in Atlantic SST on winter atmospheric blocking. Journal...
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American Meteorological Society
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1912/25494 |
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ftwhoas:oai:darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org:1912/25494 2023-05-15T16:28:41+02:00 Impact of multidecadal variability in Atlantic SST on winter atmospheric blocking Kwon, Young-Oh Seo, Hyodae Ummenhofer, Caroline C. Joyce, Terrence M. 2019-12-31 https://hdl.handle.net/1912/25494 unknown American Meteorological Society https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0324.1 Kwon, Y., Seo, H., Ummenhofer, C. C., & Joyce, T. M. (2020). Impact of multidecadal variability in Atlantic SST on winter atmospheric blocking. Journal of Climate, 33(3), 867-892. https://hdl.handle.net/1912/25494 doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0324.1 Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ CC-BY Kwon, Y., Seo, H., Ummenhofer, C. C., & Joyce, T. M. (2020). Impact of multidecadal variability in Atlantic SST on winter atmospheric blocking. Journal of Climate, 33(3), 867-892. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0324.1 North Atlantic Ocean Atmosphere-ocean interaction Blocking Climate variability Multidecadal variability North Atlantic Oscillation Article 2019 ftwhoas https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0324.1 2022-05-28T23:03:35Z © The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Kwon, Y., Seo, H., Ummenhofer, C. C., & Joyce, T. M. Impact of multidecadal variability in Atlantic SST on winter atmospheric blocking. Journal of Climate, 33(3), (2020): 867-892, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0324.1. Recent studies have suggested that coherent multidecadal variability exists between North Atlantic atmospheric blocking frequency and the Atlantic multidecadal variability (AMV). However, the role of AMV in modulating blocking variability on multidecadal times scales is not fully understood. This study examines this issue primarily using the NOAA Twentieth Century Reanalysis for 1901–2010. The second mode of the empirical orthogonal function for winter (December–March) atmospheric blocking variability in the North Atlantic exhibits oppositely signed anomalies of blocking frequency over Greenland and the Azores. Furthermore, its principal component time series shows a dominant multidecadal variability lagging AMV by several years. Composite analyses show that this lag is due to the slow evolution of the AMV sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies, which is likely driven by the ocean circulation. Following the warm phase of AMV, the warm SST anomalies emerge in the western subpolar gyre over 3–7 years. The ocean–atmosphere interaction over these 3–7-yr periods is characterized by the damping of the warm SST anomalies by the surface heat flux anomalies, which in turn reduce the overall meridional gradient of the air temperature and thus weaken the meridional transient eddy heat flux in the lower troposphere. The anomalous transient eddy forcing then shifts the eddy-driven jet equatorward, resulting in enhanced Rossby wave breaking and blocking on the northern flank of the jet over Greenland. The opposite is true with the AMV cold phases but with much shorter lags, as the evolution of SST anomalies differs in the warm and cold phases. We gratefully ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Woods Hole Scientific Community: WHOAS (Woods Hole Open Access Server) Greenland Journal of Climate 33 3 867 892 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Woods Hole Scientific Community: WHOAS (Woods Hole Open Access Server) |
op_collection_id |
ftwhoas |
language |
unknown |
topic |
North Atlantic Ocean Atmosphere-ocean interaction Blocking Climate variability Multidecadal variability North Atlantic Oscillation |
spellingShingle |
North Atlantic Ocean Atmosphere-ocean interaction Blocking Climate variability Multidecadal variability North Atlantic Oscillation Kwon, Young-Oh Seo, Hyodae Ummenhofer, Caroline C. Joyce, Terrence M. Impact of multidecadal variability in Atlantic SST on winter atmospheric blocking |
topic_facet |
North Atlantic Ocean Atmosphere-ocean interaction Blocking Climate variability Multidecadal variability North Atlantic Oscillation |
description |
© The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Kwon, Y., Seo, H., Ummenhofer, C. C., & Joyce, T. M. Impact of multidecadal variability in Atlantic SST on winter atmospheric blocking. Journal of Climate, 33(3), (2020): 867-892, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0324.1. Recent studies have suggested that coherent multidecadal variability exists between North Atlantic atmospheric blocking frequency and the Atlantic multidecadal variability (AMV). However, the role of AMV in modulating blocking variability on multidecadal times scales is not fully understood. This study examines this issue primarily using the NOAA Twentieth Century Reanalysis for 1901–2010. The second mode of the empirical orthogonal function for winter (December–March) atmospheric blocking variability in the North Atlantic exhibits oppositely signed anomalies of blocking frequency over Greenland and the Azores. Furthermore, its principal component time series shows a dominant multidecadal variability lagging AMV by several years. Composite analyses show that this lag is due to the slow evolution of the AMV sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies, which is likely driven by the ocean circulation. Following the warm phase of AMV, the warm SST anomalies emerge in the western subpolar gyre over 3–7 years. The ocean–atmosphere interaction over these 3–7-yr periods is characterized by the damping of the warm SST anomalies by the surface heat flux anomalies, which in turn reduce the overall meridional gradient of the air temperature and thus weaken the meridional transient eddy heat flux in the lower troposphere. The anomalous transient eddy forcing then shifts the eddy-driven jet equatorward, resulting in enhanced Rossby wave breaking and blocking on the northern flank of the jet over Greenland. The opposite is true with the AMV cold phases but with much shorter lags, as the evolution of SST anomalies differs in the warm and cold phases. We gratefully ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kwon, Young-Oh Seo, Hyodae Ummenhofer, Caroline C. Joyce, Terrence M. |
author_facet |
Kwon, Young-Oh Seo, Hyodae Ummenhofer, Caroline C. Joyce, Terrence M. |
author_sort |
Kwon, Young-Oh |
title |
Impact of multidecadal variability in Atlantic SST on winter atmospheric blocking |
title_short |
Impact of multidecadal variability in Atlantic SST on winter atmospheric blocking |
title_full |
Impact of multidecadal variability in Atlantic SST on winter atmospheric blocking |
title_fullStr |
Impact of multidecadal variability in Atlantic SST on winter atmospheric blocking |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of multidecadal variability in Atlantic SST on winter atmospheric blocking |
title_sort |
impact of multidecadal variability in atlantic sst on winter atmospheric blocking |
publisher |
American Meteorological Society |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1912/25494 |
geographic |
Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Greenland |
genre |
Greenland North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
Greenland North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_source |
Kwon, Y., Seo, H., Ummenhofer, C. C., & Joyce, T. M. (2020). Impact of multidecadal variability in Atlantic SST on winter atmospheric blocking. Journal of Climate, 33(3), 867-892. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0324.1 |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0324.1 Kwon, Y., Seo, H., Ummenhofer, C. C., & Joyce, T. M. (2020). Impact of multidecadal variability in Atlantic SST on winter atmospheric blocking. Journal of Climate, 33(3), 867-892. https://hdl.handle.net/1912/25494 doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0324.1 |
op_rights |
Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0324.1 |
container_title |
Journal of Climate |
container_volume |
33 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
867 |
op_container_end_page |
892 |
_version_ |
1766018369327202304 |