Ice nucleating particles carried from below a phytoplankton bloom to the arctic atmosphere

• Published in: Geophysical Research Letters
• Main Authors: Creamean, Jessie M., Cross, Jessica N., Pickart, Robert S., McRaven, Leah T., Lin, Peigen, Pacini, Astrid, Schmale, David G., Ceniceros, Julio, Aydell, Taylor, Colombi, N., Bolger, Emily, DeMott, Paul, Hanlon, Regina
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: unknown
• Published: American Geophysical Union 2019
• Subjects: Arctic; Ice nucleation; Phytoplankton bloom; Aerosol‐cloud interactions; Arctic aerosol; Arctic Ocean; Bering Strait; Phytoplankton; Sea ice
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/1912/24850

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2019. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geophysical Research Letters 46(14), (2019): 8572-8581, doi:10.1029/2019GL083039. As Arctic temperatures rise at twice the global rate, sea ice is diminishing more quickly than models can predict. Processes that dictate Arctic cloud formation and impacts on the atmospheric energy budget are poorly understood, yet crucial for evaluating the rapidly changing Arctic. In parallel, warmer temperatures afford conditions favorable for productivity of microorganisms that can effectively serve as ice nucleating particles (INPs). Yet the sources of marine biologically derived INPs remain largely unknown due to limited observations. Here we show, for the first time, how biologically derived INPs were likely transported hundreds of kilometers from deep Bering Strait waters and upwelled to the Arctic Ocean surface to become airborne, a process dependent upon a summertime phytoplankton bloom, bacterial respiration, ocean dynamics, and wind‐driven mixing. Given projected enhancement in marine productivity, combined oceanic and atmospheric transport mechanisms may play a crucial role in provision of INPs from blooms to the Arctic atmosphere. We sincerely thank the U.S. Coast Guard and crew of the Healy for assistance with equipment installation and guidance, operation of the underway and CTD systems, and general operation of the vessel during transit and at targeted sampling stations. We would also like to thank Allan Bertram, Meng Si, Victoria Irish, and Benjamin Murray for providing INP data from their previous studies. J. M. C., R. P., P. L., L. T., and E. B. were funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)’s Arctic Research Program. J. C. was supported by the NOAA Experiential Research & Training Opportunities (NERTO) program. T. A. and N. C. were supported through the NOAA Earnest F. ...