Greenlandic ice archives of North Atlantic Common Era climate
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Oceanography and Applied Ocean Science and Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution September 2019. The Common Era (A.D. 1– present) represents...
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
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ftwhoas:oai:darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org:1912/24772 2023-05-15T16:26:55+02:00 Greenlandic ice archives of North Atlantic Common Era climate Osman, Matthew B. 2019-09 https://hdl.handle.net/1912/24772 en_US eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution WHOI Theses https://hdl.handle.net/1912/24772 doi:10.1575/1912/24772 doi:10.1575/1912/24772 Climatology Greenland Temperature Thesis 2019 ftwhoas https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/24772 2022-05-28T23:03:19Z Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Oceanography and Applied Ocean Science and Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution September 2019. The Common Era (A.D. 1– present) represents a crucial period for climatic studies, documenting the timespan over which human activities have become an increasingly domineering force in shaping Earth’s landscape, climate, and ecology. Direct, quantifiable records of climatic phenomena are severely limited over much of the Common Era, necessitating high-resolution, naturally-derived proxies to extend climatic insights beyond the satellite and instrumental era, particularly across remote high-latitude and maritime regions of the North Atlantic. Here, I use modern, data-driven and physically-based modeling approaches to gain new insights into North Atlantic climate variability from the Greenlandic ice core archive. First, I investigate the climatic fidelity of ice core glaciochemical climate proxies at the microphysical-scale. I show that several soluble chemical species – key among them methanesulfonic acid (MSA) – undergo rapid vertical migration through a super-cooled liquidadvection process along ice crystal grain-boundaries. I demonstrate that significant multi-year MSA changes occur only under low snow-accumulation and high-impurity-content conditions, thus mitigating the phenomenon over much of Greenland. Building upon these findings, I then investigate the cause of declining 19th and 20th-century MSA concentrations across the interior Greenland Ice Sheet. My results illustrate that Greenlandic MSA records provide a new proxy for North Atlantic planktonic biomass changes, illuminating a 10 ± 7% decline in marine productivity over the Industrialera. I next present a new climate record from a previously-unexplored coastal ice cap in west-central Greenland. Using a physically-constrained ice cap flowline inversion model, I identify marked centennial-scale ... Thesis Greenland greenlandic Ice cap ice core Ice Sheet North Atlantic Woods Hole Scientific Community: WHOAS (Woods Hole Open Access Server) Greenland Woods Hole, MA |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Woods Hole Scientific Community: WHOAS (Woods Hole Open Access Server) |
op_collection_id |
ftwhoas |
language |
English |
topic |
Climatology Greenland Temperature |
spellingShingle |
Climatology Greenland Temperature Osman, Matthew B. Greenlandic ice archives of North Atlantic Common Era climate |
topic_facet |
Climatology Greenland Temperature |
description |
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Oceanography and Applied Ocean Science and Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution September 2019. The Common Era (A.D. 1– present) represents a crucial period for climatic studies, documenting the timespan over which human activities have become an increasingly domineering force in shaping Earth’s landscape, climate, and ecology. Direct, quantifiable records of climatic phenomena are severely limited over much of the Common Era, necessitating high-resolution, naturally-derived proxies to extend climatic insights beyond the satellite and instrumental era, particularly across remote high-latitude and maritime regions of the North Atlantic. Here, I use modern, data-driven and physically-based modeling approaches to gain new insights into North Atlantic climate variability from the Greenlandic ice core archive. First, I investigate the climatic fidelity of ice core glaciochemical climate proxies at the microphysical-scale. I show that several soluble chemical species – key among them methanesulfonic acid (MSA) – undergo rapid vertical migration through a super-cooled liquidadvection process along ice crystal grain-boundaries. I demonstrate that significant multi-year MSA changes occur only under low snow-accumulation and high-impurity-content conditions, thus mitigating the phenomenon over much of Greenland. Building upon these findings, I then investigate the cause of declining 19th and 20th-century MSA concentrations across the interior Greenland Ice Sheet. My results illustrate that Greenlandic MSA records provide a new proxy for North Atlantic planktonic biomass changes, illuminating a 10 ± 7% decline in marine productivity over the Industrialera. I next present a new climate record from a previously-unexplored coastal ice cap in west-central Greenland. Using a physically-constrained ice cap flowline inversion model, I identify marked centennial-scale ... |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Osman, Matthew B. |
author_facet |
Osman, Matthew B. |
author_sort |
Osman, Matthew B. |
title |
Greenlandic ice archives of North Atlantic Common Era climate |
title_short |
Greenlandic ice archives of North Atlantic Common Era climate |
title_full |
Greenlandic ice archives of North Atlantic Common Era climate |
title_fullStr |
Greenlandic ice archives of North Atlantic Common Era climate |
title_full_unstemmed |
Greenlandic ice archives of North Atlantic Common Era climate |
title_sort |
greenlandic ice archives of north atlantic common era climate |
publisher |
Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1912/24772 |
geographic |
Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Greenland |
genre |
Greenland greenlandic Ice cap ice core Ice Sheet North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Greenland greenlandic Ice cap ice core Ice Sheet North Atlantic |
op_source |
doi:10.1575/1912/24772 |
op_relation |
WHOI Theses https://hdl.handle.net/1912/24772 doi:10.1575/1912/24772 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/24772 |
op_publisher_place |
Woods Hole, MA |
_version_ |
1766015927491493888 |