The influence of heat transport on Arctic amplification
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution February 2019. The Arctic surface air temperature has warmed nearly twice...
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
2019
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ftwhoas:oai:darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org:1912/23672 2023-05-15T13:10:58+02:00 The influence of heat transport on Arctic amplification Fleming, Laura Elizabeth 2019-02 https://hdl.handle.net/1912/23672 en_US eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution WHOI Theses https://hdl.handle.net/1912/23672 doi:10.1575/1912/23672 doi:10.1575/1912/23672 Global warming Temperature Sea ice Heat--Transmission Barents Sea Arctic regions Thesis 2019 ftwhoas https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/23672 2022-05-28T23:02:54Z Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution February 2019. The Arctic surface air temperature has warmed nearly twice as much as the global mean since the mid-20th century. Arctic sea ice has also been declining rapidly in recent decades. There is still discussion about how much of this Arctic amplification is caused by local factors, such as changes in surface albedo, versus remote factors, such as changes in heat transport from the midlatitudes. This thesis focuses mainly on the role of poleward heat transport on Arctic amplification. Most of the previous studies on this topic have defined ocean heat transport as the zonally averaged ocean heat transport at 65∘N or 70∘N, which ignores the physical pathways of heat into the Arctic and may include recirculation of heat in the North Atlantic. In this thesis, we define the ocean heat transport as the heat transport across five sections surrounding the Arctic, to create a closed domain in the Arctic. Previous studies on Arctic amplification have used either a single model run or have compared results from a multi-model ensemble. While the multi-model ensemble approach may potentially average out biases in individual models, the ensemble spread confounds the model differences and the internal climate variability. In this thesis, we investigate the Arctic amplification in the Community Earth System Model version 1 (CESM1) Large Ensemble. The CESM1 Large Ensemble includes 40 members that use the same model and external forcing, but different initializations. This simulates different climate trajectories that can occur in a given atmosphere-ocean-land-cryosphere system. We find that CESM1 Large Ensemble projects a large increase towards the end of the 21st century in ocean heat transport into the Arctic, and that the increase in ocean heat transport is significantly correlated with Arctic ... Thesis albedo Arctic Barents Sea Global warming North Atlantic Sea ice Woods Hole Scientific Community: WHOAS (Woods Hole Open Access Server) Arctic Barents Sea |
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Open Polar |
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Woods Hole Scientific Community: WHOAS (Woods Hole Open Access Server) |
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ftwhoas |
language |
English |
topic |
Global warming Temperature Sea ice Heat--Transmission Barents Sea Arctic regions |
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Global warming Temperature Sea ice Heat--Transmission Barents Sea Arctic regions Fleming, Laura Elizabeth The influence of heat transport on Arctic amplification |
topic_facet |
Global warming Temperature Sea ice Heat--Transmission Barents Sea Arctic regions |
description |
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution February 2019. The Arctic surface air temperature has warmed nearly twice as much as the global mean since the mid-20th century. Arctic sea ice has also been declining rapidly in recent decades. There is still discussion about how much of this Arctic amplification is caused by local factors, such as changes in surface albedo, versus remote factors, such as changes in heat transport from the midlatitudes. This thesis focuses mainly on the role of poleward heat transport on Arctic amplification. Most of the previous studies on this topic have defined ocean heat transport as the zonally averaged ocean heat transport at 65∘N or 70∘N, which ignores the physical pathways of heat into the Arctic and may include recirculation of heat in the North Atlantic. In this thesis, we define the ocean heat transport as the heat transport across five sections surrounding the Arctic, to create a closed domain in the Arctic. Previous studies on Arctic amplification have used either a single model run or have compared results from a multi-model ensemble. While the multi-model ensemble approach may potentially average out biases in individual models, the ensemble spread confounds the model differences and the internal climate variability. In this thesis, we investigate the Arctic amplification in the Community Earth System Model version 1 (CESM1) Large Ensemble. The CESM1 Large Ensemble includes 40 members that use the same model and external forcing, but different initializations. This simulates different climate trajectories that can occur in a given atmosphere-ocean-land-cryosphere system. We find that CESM1 Large Ensemble projects a large increase towards the end of the 21st century in ocean heat transport into the Arctic, and that the increase in ocean heat transport is significantly correlated with Arctic ... |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Fleming, Laura Elizabeth |
author_facet |
Fleming, Laura Elizabeth |
author_sort |
Fleming, Laura Elizabeth |
title |
The influence of heat transport on Arctic amplification |
title_short |
The influence of heat transport on Arctic amplification |
title_full |
The influence of heat transport on Arctic amplification |
title_fullStr |
The influence of heat transport on Arctic amplification |
title_full_unstemmed |
The influence of heat transport on Arctic amplification |
title_sort |
influence of heat transport on arctic amplification |
publisher |
Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1912/23672 |
geographic |
Arctic Barents Sea |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Barents Sea |
genre |
albedo Arctic Barents Sea Global warming North Atlantic Sea ice |
genre_facet |
albedo Arctic Barents Sea Global warming North Atlantic Sea ice |
op_source |
doi:10.1575/1912/23672 |
op_relation |
WHOI Theses https://hdl.handle.net/1912/23672 doi:10.1575/1912/23672 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/23672 |
_version_ |
1766245416626552832 |