Plant functional types do not predict biomass responses to removal and fertilization in Alaskan tussock tundra
© 2008 The Authors. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 2.5. The definitive version was published in Journal of Ecology 96 (2008): 713-726, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01378.x. Plant communities in natural ecosystems are changing an...
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ftwhoas:oai:darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org:1912/2285 2023-05-15T15:15:47+02:00 Plant functional types do not predict biomass responses to removal and fertilization in Alaskan tussock tundra Bret-Harte, M. Syndonia Mack, Michelle C. Goldsmith, Gregory R. Sloan, Daniel B. DeMarco, Jennie Shaver, Gaius R. Ray, Peter M. Biesinger, Zy Chapin, F. Stuart 2008-04-15 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/1912/2285 en eng John Wiley & Sons https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01378.x Journal of Ecology 96 (2008): 713-726 https://hdl.handle.net/1912/2285 doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01378.x Attribution-NonCommercial 2.5 Generic http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5/ CC-BY-NC Journal of Ecology 96 (2008): 713-726 doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01378.x Arctic tundra Biodiversity Biomass compensation Nitrogen Plant functional types Productivity Species interactions Species removal Soil nutrient availability Article 2008 ftwhoas https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01378.x 2022-05-28T22:57:33Z © 2008 The Authors. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 2.5. The definitive version was published in Journal of Ecology 96 (2008): 713-726, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01378.x. Plant communities in natural ecosystems are changing and species are being lost due to anthropogenic impacts including global warming and increasing nitrogen (N) deposition. We removed dominant species, combinations of species and entire functional types from Alaskan tussock tundra, in the presence and absence of fertilization, to examine the effects of non-random species loss on plant interactions and ecosystem functioning. After 6 years, growth of remaining species had compensated for biomass loss due to removal in all treatments except the combined removal of moss, Betula nana and Ledum palustre (MBL), which removed the most biomass. Total vascular plant production returned to control levels in all removal treatments, including MBL. Inorganic soil nutrient availability, as indexed by resins, returned to control levels in all unfertilized removal treatments, except MBL. Although biomass compensation occurred, the species that provided most of the compensating biomass in any given treatment were not from the same functional type (growth form) as the removed species. This provides empirical evidence that functional types based on effect traits are not the same as functional types based on response to perturbation. Calculations based on redistributing N from the removed species to the remaining species suggested that dominant species from other functional types contributed most of the compensatory biomass. Fertilization did not increase total plant community biomass, because increases in graminoid and deciduous shrub biomass were offset by decreases in evergreen shrub, moss and lichen biomass. Fertilization greatly increased inorganic soil nutrient availability. In fertilized removal treatments, deciduous shrubs and graminoids grew more than expected based on their ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Betula nana Global warming Tundra Woods Hole Scientific Community: WHOAS (Woods Hole Open Access Server) Arctic Journal of Ecology 96 4 713 726 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Woods Hole Scientific Community: WHOAS (Woods Hole Open Access Server) |
op_collection_id |
ftwhoas |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic tundra Biodiversity Biomass compensation Nitrogen Plant functional types Productivity Species interactions Species removal Soil nutrient availability |
spellingShingle |
Arctic tundra Biodiversity Biomass compensation Nitrogen Plant functional types Productivity Species interactions Species removal Soil nutrient availability Bret-Harte, M. Syndonia Mack, Michelle C. Goldsmith, Gregory R. Sloan, Daniel B. DeMarco, Jennie Shaver, Gaius R. Ray, Peter M. Biesinger, Zy Chapin, F. Stuart Plant functional types do not predict biomass responses to removal and fertilization in Alaskan tussock tundra |
topic_facet |
Arctic tundra Biodiversity Biomass compensation Nitrogen Plant functional types Productivity Species interactions Species removal Soil nutrient availability |
description |
© 2008 The Authors. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 2.5. The definitive version was published in Journal of Ecology 96 (2008): 713-726, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01378.x. Plant communities in natural ecosystems are changing and species are being lost due to anthropogenic impacts including global warming and increasing nitrogen (N) deposition. We removed dominant species, combinations of species and entire functional types from Alaskan tussock tundra, in the presence and absence of fertilization, to examine the effects of non-random species loss on plant interactions and ecosystem functioning. After 6 years, growth of remaining species had compensated for biomass loss due to removal in all treatments except the combined removal of moss, Betula nana and Ledum palustre (MBL), which removed the most biomass. Total vascular plant production returned to control levels in all removal treatments, including MBL. Inorganic soil nutrient availability, as indexed by resins, returned to control levels in all unfertilized removal treatments, except MBL. Although biomass compensation occurred, the species that provided most of the compensating biomass in any given treatment were not from the same functional type (growth form) as the removed species. This provides empirical evidence that functional types based on effect traits are not the same as functional types based on response to perturbation. Calculations based on redistributing N from the removed species to the remaining species suggested that dominant species from other functional types contributed most of the compensatory biomass. Fertilization did not increase total plant community biomass, because increases in graminoid and deciduous shrub biomass were offset by decreases in evergreen shrub, moss and lichen biomass. Fertilization greatly increased inorganic soil nutrient availability. In fertilized removal treatments, deciduous shrubs and graminoids grew more than expected based on their ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bret-Harte, M. Syndonia Mack, Michelle C. Goldsmith, Gregory R. Sloan, Daniel B. DeMarco, Jennie Shaver, Gaius R. Ray, Peter M. Biesinger, Zy Chapin, F. Stuart |
author_facet |
Bret-Harte, M. Syndonia Mack, Michelle C. Goldsmith, Gregory R. Sloan, Daniel B. DeMarco, Jennie Shaver, Gaius R. Ray, Peter M. Biesinger, Zy Chapin, F. Stuart |
author_sort |
Bret-Harte, M. Syndonia |
title |
Plant functional types do not predict biomass responses to removal and fertilization in Alaskan tussock tundra |
title_short |
Plant functional types do not predict biomass responses to removal and fertilization in Alaskan tussock tundra |
title_full |
Plant functional types do not predict biomass responses to removal and fertilization in Alaskan tussock tundra |
title_fullStr |
Plant functional types do not predict biomass responses to removal and fertilization in Alaskan tussock tundra |
title_full_unstemmed |
Plant functional types do not predict biomass responses to removal and fertilization in Alaskan tussock tundra |
title_sort |
plant functional types do not predict biomass responses to removal and fertilization in alaskan tussock tundra |
publisher |
John Wiley & Sons |
publishDate |
2008 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1912/2285 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Betula nana Global warming Tundra |
genre_facet |
Arctic Betula nana Global warming Tundra |
op_source |
Journal of Ecology 96 (2008): 713-726 doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01378.x |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01378.x Journal of Ecology 96 (2008): 713-726 https://hdl.handle.net/1912/2285 doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01378.x |
op_rights |
Attribution-NonCommercial 2.5 Generic http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY-NC |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01378.x |
container_title |
Journal of Ecology |
container_volume |
96 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
713 |
op_container_end_page |
726 |
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1766346127458697216 |