Reviews and syntheses : Ocean iron fertilization experiments – past, present, and future looking to a future Korean Iron Fertilization Experiment in the Southern Ocean (KIFES) project
© The Author(s), 2018. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Biogeosciences 15 (2018): 5847-5889, doi:10.5194/bg-15-5847-2018. Since the start of the industrial revolution, human activities have caused a rapid...
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ftwhoas:oai:darchive.mblwhoilibrary.org:1912/10668 2023-05-15T17:51:58+02:00 Reviews and syntheses : Ocean iron fertilization experiments – past, present, and future looking to a future Korean Iron Fertilization Experiment in the Southern Ocean (KIFES) project Yoon, Joo-Eun Yoo, Kyu-Cheul Macdonald, Alison M. Yoon, Ho-Il Park, Ki-Tae Yang, Eun Jin Kim, Hyun-Cheol Lee, Jae Il Lee, Min Kyung Jung, Jinyoung Park, Jisoo Lee, Jiyoung Kim, Soyeon Kim, Seong-Su Kim, Kitae Kim, Il-Nam 2018-10-05 https://hdl.handle.net/1912/10668 en_US eng Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5847-2018 Biogeosciences 15 (2018): 5847-5889 https://hdl.handle.net/1912/10668 doi:10.5194/bg-15-5847-2018 Attribution 3.0 Unported https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ CC-BY Biogeosciences 15 (2018): 5847-5889 doi:10.5194/bg-15-5847-2018 Article 2018 ftwhoas https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5847-2018 2022-05-28T23:00:30Z © The Author(s), 2018. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Biogeosciences 15 (2018): 5847-5889, doi:10.5194/bg-15-5847-2018. Since the start of the industrial revolution, human activities have caused a rapid increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations, which have, in turn, had an impact on climate leading to global warming and ocean acidification. Various approaches have been proposed to reduce atmospheric CO2. The Martin (or iron) hypothesis suggests that ocean iron fertilization (OIF) could be an effective method for stimulating oceanic carbon sequestration through the biological pump in iron-limited, high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll (HNLC) regions. To test the Martin hypothesis, 13 artificial OIF (aOIF) experiments have been performed since 1990 in HNLC regions. These aOIF field experiments have demonstrated that primary production (PP) can be significantly enhanced by the artificial addition of iron. However, except in the Southern Ocean (SO) European Iron Fertilization Experiment (EIFEX), no significant change in the effectiveness of aOIF (i.e., the amount of iron-induced carbon export flux below the winter mixed layer depth, MLD) has been detected. These results, including possible side effects, have been debated amongst those who support and oppose aOIF experimentation, and many questions concerning the effectiveness of scientific aOIF, environmental side effects, and international aOIF law frameworks remain. In the context of increasing global and political concerns associated with climate change, it is valuable to examine the validity and usefulness of the aOIF experiments. Furthermore, it is logical to carry out such experiments because they allow one to study how plankton-based ecosystems work by providing insight into mechanisms operating in real time and under in situ conditions. To maximize the effectiveness of aOIF experiments under international aOIF regulations in the future, we therefore ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification Southern Ocean Woods Hole Scientific Community: WHOAS (Woods Hole Open Access Server) Southern Ocean Biogeosciences 15 19 5847 5889 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Woods Hole Scientific Community: WHOAS (Woods Hole Open Access Server) |
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ftwhoas |
language |
English |
description |
© The Author(s), 2018. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Biogeosciences 15 (2018): 5847-5889, doi:10.5194/bg-15-5847-2018. Since the start of the industrial revolution, human activities have caused a rapid increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations, which have, in turn, had an impact on climate leading to global warming and ocean acidification. Various approaches have been proposed to reduce atmospheric CO2. The Martin (or iron) hypothesis suggests that ocean iron fertilization (OIF) could be an effective method for stimulating oceanic carbon sequestration through the biological pump in iron-limited, high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll (HNLC) regions. To test the Martin hypothesis, 13 artificial OIF (aOIF) experiments have been performed since 1990 in HNLC regions. These aOIF field experiments have demonstrated that primary production (PP) can be significantly enhanced by the artificial addition of iron. However, except in the Southern Ocean (SO) European Iron Fertilization Experiment (EIFEX), no significant change in the effectiveness of aOIF (i.e., the amount of iron-induced carbon export flux below the winter mixed layer depth, MLD) has been detected. These results, including possible side effects, have been debated amongst those who support and oppose aOIF experimentation, and many questions concerning the effectiveness of scientific aOIF, environmental side effects, and international aOIF law frameworks remain. In the context of increasing global and political concerns associated with climate change, it is valuable to examine the validity and usefulness of the aOIF experiments. Furthermore, it is logical to carry out such experiments because they allow one to study how plankton-based ecosystems work by providing insight into mechanisms operating in real time and under in situ conditions. To maximize the effectiveness of aOIF experiments under international aOIF regulations in the future, we therefore ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Yoon, Joo-Eun Yoo, Kyu-Cheul Macdonald, Alison M. Yoon, Ho-Il Park, Ki-Tae Yang, Eun Jin Kim, Hyun-Cheol Lee, Jae Il Lee, Min Kyung Jung, Jinyoung Park, Jisoo Lee, Jiyoung Kim, Soyeon Kim, Seong-Su Kim, Kitae Kim, Il-Nam |
spellingShingle |
Yoon, Joo-Eun Yoo, Kyu-Cheul Macdonald, Alison M. Yoon, Ho-Il Park, Ki-Tae Yang, Eun Jin Kim, Hyun-Cheol Lee, Jae Il Lee, Min Kyung Jung, Jinyoung Park, Jisoo Lee, Jiyoung Kim, Soyeon Kim, Seong-Su Kim, Kitae Kim, Il-Nam Reviews and syntheses : Ocean iron fertilization experiments – past, present, and future looking to a future Korean Iron Fertilization Experiment in the Southern Ocean (KIFES) project |
author_facet |
Yoon, Joo-Eun Yoo, Kyu-Cheul Macdonald, Alison M. Yoon, Ho-Il Park, Ki-Tae Yang, Eun Jin Kim, Hyun-Cheol Lee, Jae Il Lee, Min Kyung Jung, Jinyoung Park, Jisoo Lee, Jiyoung Kim, Soyeon Kim, Seong-Su Kim, Kitae Kim, Il-Nam |
author_sort |
Yoon, Joo-Eun |
title |
Reviews and syntheses : Ocean iron fertilization experiments – past, present, and future looking to a future Korean Iron Fertilization Experiment in the Southern Ocean (KIFES) project |
title_short |
Reviews and syntheses : Ocean iron fertilization experiments – past, present, and future looking to a future Korean Iron Fertilization Experiment in the Southern Ocean (KIFES) project |
title_full |
Reviews and syntheses : Ocean iron fertilization experiments – past, present, and future looking to a future Korean Iron Fertilization Experiment in the Southern Ocean (KIFES) project |
title_fullStr |
Reviews and syntheses : Ocean iron fertilization experiments – past, present, and future looking to a future Korean Iron Fertilization Experiment in the Southern Ocean (KIFES) project |
title_full_unstemmed |
Reviews and syntheses : Ocean iron fertilization experiments – past, present, and future looking to a future Korean Iron Fertilization Experiment in the Southern Ocean (KIFES) project |
title_sort |
reviews and syntheses : ocean iron fertilization experiments – past, present, and future looking to a future korean iron fertilization experiment in the southern ocean (kifes) project |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1912/10668 |
geographic |
Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean |
genre |
Ocean acidification Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Biogeosciences 15 (2018): 5847-5889 doi:10.5194/bg-15-5847-2018 |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5847-2018 Biogeosciences 15 (2018): 5847-5889 https://hdl.handle.net/1912/10668 doi:10.5194/bg-15-5847-2018 |
op_rights |
Attribution 3.0 Unported https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5847-2018 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
19 |
container_start_page |
5847 |
op_container_end_page |
5889 |
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1766159268984127488 |