Investigating the effects of climate co-stressors on surf smelt energy demands
Surf smelt (Hypomesus pretiosus) are ecologically and economically important to the Pacific Northwest. They play a critical role in the food web and support numerous commercially important species and are an economically important baitfish. Surf smelt interact closely with the nearshore environment,...
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ftwestwashington:oai:cedar.wwu.edu:wwuet-1994 2023-06-11T04:15:35+02:00 Investigating the effects of climate co-stressors on surf smelt energy demands Russell, Megan 2020-01-01T08:00:00Z application/pdf https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/967 https://cedar.wwu.edu/context/wwuet/article/1994/viewcontent/MR_Final_Thesis_1.pdf English eng Western CEDAR https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/967 https://cedar.wwu.edu/context/wwuet/article/1994/viewcontent/MR_Final_Thesis_1.pdf Copying of this document in whole or in part is allowable only for scholarly purposes. It is understood, however, that any copying or publication of this document for commercial purposes, or for financial gain, shall not be allowed without the author’s written permission. WWU Graduate School Collection Forage fish climate change ocean acidification energy yolk sac development Biology text 2020 ftwestwashington 2023-05-07T16:42:59Z Surf smelt (Hypomesus pretiosus) are ecologically and economically important to the Pacific Northwest. They play a critical role in the food web and support numerous commercially important species and are an economically important baitfish. Surf smelt interact closely with the nearshore environment, utilizing approximately 10% of Puget Sound coastlines for spawning throughout the year. Surf smelt spawn at high tide and adhere fertilized eggs to beach sediment, causing their embryos to be exposed to air and seawater throughout embryonic development. Because of this unique life history, surf smelt may be susceptible to anthropogenic stressors including coastal development and climate change. However, very few studies have attempted to test the tolerance of surf smelt to climate change, including elevated temperature and ocean acidification. The purpose of this study was to examine the interactive effects of climate co-stressors ocean acidification and seawater warming on the energy demands of developing surf smelt. Surf smelt embryos and larvae were collected and placed into experimental basins under three temperature treatments (12°C, 15°C, and 18°C) and two total carbon treatments (ambient and elevated) for a period of 14 days for the embryos, and 4 days for the larvae. Increased temperature significantly decreased yolk size in developing surf smelt embryos and larvae. During this time, embryo yolk sacs in the high temperature treatment were on average 10.2% smaller than embryo yolk sacs in ambient temperature water. Larval yolk and oil globules mirrored this trend with larvae in the high temperature treatment having on average 32.5% smaller yolk sacs and 20.0% smaller oil globules compared to larvae in ambient temperature. While no effect of acidification as a singular stressor was observed, the interaction with temperature significantly increased surf smelt embryo heart rates by 5% above ambient conditions. These results indicate that near-future climate change scenarios are going to impact the energy demands ... Text Ocean acidification Western Washington University: CEDAR (Contributing to Education through Digital Access to Research) Pacific |
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Open Polar |
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Western Washington University: CEDAR (Contributing to Education through Digital Access to Research) |
op_collection_id |
ftwestwashington |
language |
English |
topic |
Forage fish climate change ocean acidification energy yolk sac development Biology |
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Forage fish climate change ocean acidification energy yolk sac development Biology Russell, Megan Investigating the effects of climate co-stressors on surf smelt energy demands |
topic_facet |
Forage fish climate change ocean acidification energy yolk sac development Biology |
description |
Surf smelt (Hypomesus pretiosus) are ecologically and economically important to the Pacific Northwest. They play a critical role in the food web and support numerous commercially important species and are an economically important baitfish. Surf smelt interact closely with the nearshore environment, utilizing approximately 10% of Puget Sound coastlines for spawning throughout the year. Surf smelt spawn at high tide and adhere fertilized eggs to beach sediment, causing their embryos to be exposed to air and seawater throughout embryonic development. Because of this unique life history, surf smelt may be susceptible to anthropogenic stressors including coastal development and climate change. However, very few studies have attempted to test the tolerance of surf smelt to climate change, including elevated temperature and ocean acidification. The purpose of this study was to examine the interactive effects of climate co-stressors ocean acidification and seawater warming on the energy demands of developing surf smelt. Surf smelt embryos and larvae were collected and placed into experimental basins under three temperature treatments (12°C, 15°C, and 18°C) and two total carbon treatments (ambient and elevated) for a period of 14 days for the embryos, and 4 days for the larvae. Increased temperature significantly decreased yolk size in developing surf smelt embryos and larvae. During this time, embryo yolk sacs in the high temperature treatment were on average 10.2% smaller than embryo yolk sacs in ambient temperature water. Larval yolk and oil globules mirrored this trend with larvae in the high temperature treatment having on average 32.5% smaller yolk sacs and 20.0% smaller oil globules compared to larvae in ambient temperature. While no effect of acidification as a singular stressor was observed, the interaction with temperature significantly increased surf smelt embryo heart rates by 5% above ambient conditions. These results indicate that near-future climate change scenarios are going to impact the energy demands ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Russell, Megan |
author_facet |
Russell, Megan |
author_sort |
Russell, Megan |
title |
Investigating the effects of climate co-stressors on surf smelt energy demands |
title_short |
Investigating the effects of climate co-stressors on surf smelt energy demands |
title_full |
Investigating the effects of climate co-stressors on surf smelt energy demands |
title_fullStr |
Investigating the effects of climate co-stressors on surf smelt energy demands |
title_full_unstemmed |
Investigating the effects of climate co-stressors on surf smelt energy demands |
title_sort |
investigating the effects of climate co-stressors on surf smelt energy demands |
publisher |
Western CEDAR |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/967 https://cedar.wwu.edu/context/wwuet/article/1994/viewcontent/MR_Final_Thesis_1.pdf |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
WWU Graduate School Collection |
op_relation |
https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/967 https://cedar.wwu.edu/context/wwuet/article/1994/viewcontent/MR_Final_Thesis_1.pdf |
op_rights |
Copying of this document in whole or in part is allowable only for scholarly purposes. It is understood, however, that any copying or publication of this document for commercial purposes, or for financial gain, shall not be allowed without the author’s written permission. |
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