Precursory Seismicity Associated With Frequent, Large Ice Avalanches on Iliamna Volcano, Alaska, USA
Since 1994, at least six major (volume >106m3 ) ice and rock avalanches have occurred on Iliamna volcano, Alaska, USA. Each of the avalanches was preceded by up to 2 hours of seismicity believed to represent the initial stages of failure. Each seismic sequence begins with a series of repeating ea...
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ftwestwashington:oai:cedar.wwu.edu:geology_facpubs-1000 2023-05-15T16:20:28+02:00 Precursory Seismicity Associated With Frequent, Large Ice Avalanches on Iliamna Volcano, Alaska, USA Caplan-Auerbach, Jacqueline Huggel, Christian 2007-01-01T08:00:00Z application/pdf https://cedar.wwu.edu/geology_facpubs/5 https://cedar.wwu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=geology_facpubs English eng Western CEDAR https://cedar.wwu.edu/geology_facpubs/5 https://cedar.wwu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=geology_facpubs Geology Faculty Publications Geology text 2007 ftwestwashington 2022-09-14T05:56:10Z Since 1994, at least six major (volume >106m3 ) ice and rock avalanches have occurred on Iliamna volcano, Alaska, USA. Each of the avalanches was preceded by up to 2 hours of seismicity believed to represent the initial stages of failure. Each seismic sequence begins with a series of repeating earthquakes thought to represent slip on an ice–rock interface, or between layers of ice. This stage is followed by a prolonged period of continuous ground-shaking that reflects constant slip accommodated by deformation at the glacier base. Finally the glacier fails in a large avalanche. Some of the events appear to have entrained large amounts of rock, while others comprise mostly snow and ice. Several avalanches initiated from the same source region, suggesting that this part of the volcano is particularly susceptible to failure, possibly due to the presence of nearby fumaroles. Although thermal conditions at the time of failure are not well constrained, it is likely that geothermal energy causes melting at the glacier base, promoting slip and culminating in failure. The frequent nature and predictable failure sequence of Iliamna avalanches makes the volcano an excellent laboratory for the study of ice avalanches. The prolonged nature of the seismic signal suggests that warning may one day be given for similar events occurring in populated regions. Text glacier Alaska Western Washington University: CEDAR (Contributing to Education through Digital Access to Research) |
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Western Washington University: CEDAR (Contributing to Education through Digital Access to Research) |
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English |
topic |
Geology |
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Geology Caplan-Auerbach, Jacqueline Huggel, Christian Precursory Seismicity Associated With Frequent, Large Ice Avalanches on Iliamna Volcano, Alaska, USA |
topic_facet |
Geology |
description |
Since 1994, at least six major (volume >106m3 ) ice and rock avalanches have occurred on Iliamna volcano, Alaska, USA. Each of the avalanches was preceded by up to 2 hours of seismicity believed to represent the initial stages of failure. Each seismic sequence begins with a series of repeating earthquakes thought to represent slip on an ice–rock interface, or between layers of ice. This stage is followed by a prolonged period of continuous ground-shaking that reflects constant slip accommodated by deformation at the glacier base. Finally the glacier fails in a large avalanche. Some of the events appear to have entrained large amounts of rock, while others comprise mostly snow and ice. Several avalanches initiated from the same source region, suggesting that this part of the volcano is particularly susceptible to failure, possibly due to the presence of nearby fumaroles. Although thermal conditions at the time of failure are not well constrained, it is likely that geothermal energy causes melting at the glacier base, promoting slip and culminating in failure. The frequent nature and predictable failure sequence of Iliamna avalanches makes the volcano an excellent laboratory for the study of ice avalanches. The prolonged nature of the seismic signal suggests that warning may one day be given for similar events occurring in populated regions. |
format |
Text |
author |
Caplan-Auerbach, Jacqueline Huggel, Christian |
author_facet |
Caplan-Auerbach, Jacqueline Huggel, Christian |
author_sort |
Caplan-Auerbach, Jacqueline |
title |
Precursory Seismicity Associated With Frequent, Large Ice Avalanches on Iliamna Volcano, Alaska, USA |
title_short |
Precursory Seismicity Associated With Frequent, Large Ice Avalanches on Iliamna Volcano, Alaska, USA |
title_full |
Precursory Seismicity Associated With Frequent, Large Ice Avalanches on Iliamna Volcano, Alaska, USA |
title_fullStr |
Precursory Seismicity Associated With Frequent, Large Ice Avalanches on Iliamna Volcano, Alaska, USA |
title_full_unstemmed |
Precursory Seismicity Associated With Frequent, Large Ice Avalanches on Iliamna Volcano, Alaska, USA |
title_sort |
precursory seismicity associated with frequent, large ice avalanches on iliamna volcano, alaska, usa |
publisher |
Western CEDAR |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
https://cedar.wwu.edu/geology_facpubs/5 https://cedar.wwu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=geology_facpubs |
genre |
glacier Alaska |
genre_facet |
glacier Alaska |
op_source |
Geology Faculty Publications |
op_relation |
https://cedar.wwu.edu/geology_facpubs/5 https://cedar.wwu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=geology_facpubs |
_version_ |
1766008387834740736 |