Detestion of toxoplasmosis by using immulite 2000 m., Uzhgorod, Ukraine

• Main Author: Buletsa, Maryna
• Other Authors: Paulauskas, Algimantas
• Format: Master Thesis
• Language: English
• Published: 2021
• Subjects: Toxoplasmosis; Epidemiology; IgG antibodies; Tosoplazmozė; Epidiamilogija; IgM antikūniai; Biologija / Biology (N010); Kad’; Nes; Nes’; Lynx; Lynx lynx lynx
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12259/130177

The relevance of the research topic is due to the high prevalence of toxoplasmosis worldwide and the high level of human and animal infection. In the territory of the Republic of Lithuania, about 40-55% suffer from toxoplasmosis (Lietuvos Respublikos sveikatos apsaugos ministerija, 2013). According to ULAC, in 2012. The highest incidence of this infection was recorded among women aged 25-34 years (20.4 cases per 100 thousand inhabitants) living in the city (6.6 cases per 100 thousand inhabitants) (8.7 cases per 100 thousand inhabitants). They had this infection almost seven times more often than men and four times more often than women living in rural areas (ULAC duomenimis, 2012). The disease most often passes asymptomatically or with signs of digestive, reproductive, nervous and visual system dysfunction, which complicates the diagnosis and contributes to the spread of zoonosis. The problem of parasitic protozoa remains an urgent problem in the whole world. And the main focus is on human diseases transmitted from animals to humans. One of these parasitic diseases is toxoplasmosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii. Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic obligate intracellular parasite that is a disease of the disease in a wide range of warm-blooded animals (mammals and birds), as well as in humans (about a third of the world's humanity) [35]. The ultimate host of Toxoplasma gondii is only the species of the cat family (Felidae), which undergoes a sexual cycle of development, and all others are intermediate hosts since they have only non-sexual reproduction [19]. T. gondii is a ubiquitous parasite [18], but the highest probability of infection is possible in the wild. The cause of human infection in the wild is poor hygiene and that of game meat, through which the possible hit of cysts provokes infection. The only wild cat in Lithuania is the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) [5], but marten is also considered to be a vector for toxoplasmosis. The main problem of the data on T.gondii seroprevalence in wild animals in the Baltic States is limited and, in many species, remains unknown [33]. Besides, domestic cats may also be likely carriers of the parasite. As for the urgency of the problem of toxoplasmosis in Ukraine, at the moment it is very important. In recent years, insufficient research, as well as the lack of data on the epidemiology of this disease in different parts of Ukraine, and official data in the country is not conducted at all. This is a very important aspect for monitoring the epidemiological situation in the country as a whole. The disease itself is dangerous for both the fetus and the fetus. Because the study transmitted the infection during the acute fresh stage of infection from mother to child. Miscarriages are also 7 the main cause of toxoplasmosis, so women who are not immune are at risk of becoming infected during pregnancy and fetal transmission. Therefore, this requires screening several times during pregnancy Efektyvaus tosoplazmozės paplitimo Ukrainoje stebėjimas yra vienas opiausių klausimų, nes ilgą laiką nėra statistinių skaičiavimų apie šios ligos atvejų skaičių, itin svarbių besilaukiančioms moterims. Toksoplazmozės paplitimo statistiska reikalinga norint išvengti įvairių patologinių sutrikimų vaisiui ir motinai. Šiame darbe buvo apsvarstytas ir pasirinkta “Immulite 2000”(DPC-Siemens, La GarenneColombes, France) IgM ir IgG technologija seropozityvumui diagnozuoti. “Immulite 2000” technologija yra geriausia naudoti medicinos laboratorijoje, remiantis tyrimu, kuriame nustatoma ne tik toksoplazmozė, bet ir kitos “TORCH” infekcijos. Šis metodas yra aukštųjų technologijų ir paprastas naudoti, nereikalauja nuolatinės operatoriaus priežiūros ir yra greitas būdas apskaičiuoti didelį medžiagos kiekį per daug trumpesnį laikotarpį. Pats metodas užtikrina aukštą rezultatų tikslumą. Pats tyrimas buvo atliktas „AstraDia“ medicinos laboratorijoje, kur buvo analizuojami į laboratoriją nukreiptų pacientų serumai. Čia atlikta seropozityvių mėginių skaičiaus, taip pat jų priklausomybės nuo lyties ir amžiaus analizė. Remiantis rezultatais, beveik pusė visų ištirtų mėginių buvo seropozityvūs IgG antikūnams, o mažiausi - IgM antikūnams. Kalbant apie lytį ir amžių, pastebima, kad tai neturi statistinio ryšio, nes rezultatų aiškinimas nuo to nepriklausė. Todėl norint atlikti tikslesnius statistinius skaičiavimus, reikalingas išsamus paciento istorijos tyrimas. Gamtos mokslų fakultetas Biologijos katedra