Molecular Ecology and Systematics of Blue Mussels (Genus Mytilus) (Mytilidae; Bivalvia; Mollusca) in the Southern Hemisphere
The Mytilus edulis species complex, comprised of M. edulis, M. galloprovincialis and M. trossulus, is antitropically distributed in temperate coastal regions of all oceans and main seas of the world. This genus has been heavily studied in the Northern hemisphere but Southern hemisphere populations h...
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Victoria University of Wellington
2011
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ftvuwellington:oai:researcharchive.vuw.ac.nz:10063/1815 2023-08-15T12:42:02+02:00 Molecular Ecology and Systematics of Blue Mussels (Genus Mytilus) (Mytilidae; Bivalvia; Mollusca) in the Southern Hemisphere Westfall, Kristen Marie Gardner, Jonathan 2011 http://researcharchive.vuw.ac.nz/handle/10063/1815 en_NZ eng Victoria University of Wellington http://researcharchive.vuw.ac.nz/handle/10063/1815 Invasive species Population genetics New Zealand Text Doctoral 2011 ftvuwellington 2023-07-25T17:23:11Z The Mytilus edulis species complex, comprised of M. edulis, M. galloprovincialis and M. trossulus, is antitropically distributed in temperate coastal regions of all oceans and main seas of the world. This genus has been heavily studied in the Northern hemisphere but Southern hemisphere populations have received much less attention. This thesis aims to place Southern hemisphere blue mussels into global evolutionary relationships among Mytilus species and investigate aspects of their molecular ecology, including, effects of non-native Northern hemisphere species introductions, biogeography across the Southern hemisphere, regional phylogeographic patterns and population genetics within New Zealand. Southern hemisphere blue mussel phylogenetic reconstruction resulted in the detection of a monophyletic M. galloprovincialis lineage. Two new molecular markers developed with specificity for this lineage and congruence among phylogenetic investigations indicates a panhemispheric distribution of this M. galloprovincialis lineage with implications for naming a new sibling species of the M. edulis complex. This proposed new species, M. meridianus, is distributed in South America, the Kerguelen Islands, New Zealand and Australia at latitudes between ~ 30°S and ~ 55°S. Non-native M. galloprovincialis introduced from the Northern hemisphere have been present in NZ, Australia and Chile for at least ten years and hybridise with native blue mussels. Introgression is observed in New Zealand and Australian but not Chilean hybrid regions. The limited number of introduced mussels in Australia induces hybrid swamping of non-native alleles but an interlineage gender bias towards non-native maternal parents may result in eventual loss of the unique genomic content of native blue mussels in NZ. Southern hemisphere blue mussels form a monophyletic sister clade to a haplogroup shared by Northern hemisphere M. edulis and M. galloprovincialis. Although single gene histories are not congruent with respect to evolutionary relationships within ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Kerguelen Islands Victoria University of Wellington: ResearchArchive Kerguelen Kerguelen Islands New Zealand |
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Open Polar |
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Victoria University of Wellington: ResearchArchive |
op_collection_id |
ftvuwellington |
language |
English |
topic |
Invasive species Population genetics New Zealand |
spellingShingle |
Invasive species Population genetics New Zealand Westfall, Kristen Marie Molecular Ecology and Systematics of Blue Mussels (Genus Mytilus) (Mytilidae; Bivalvia; Mollusca) in the Southern Hemisphere |
topic_facet |
Invasive species Population genetics New Zealand |
description |
The Mytilus edulis species complex, comprised of M. edulis, M. galloprovincialis and M. trossulus, is antitropically distributed in temperate coastal regions of all oceans and main seas of the world. This genus has been heavily studied in the Northern hemisphere but Southern hemisphere populations have received much less attention. This thesis aims to place Southern hemisphere blue mussels into global evolutionary relationships among Mytilus species and investigate aspects of their molecular ecology, including, effects of non-native Northern hemisphere species introductions, biogeography across the Southern hemisphere, regional phylogeographic patterns and population genetics within New Zealand. Southern hemisphere blue mussel phylogenetic reconstruction resulted in the detection of a monophyletic M. galloprovincialis lineage. Two new molecular markers developed with specificity for this lineage and congruence among phylogenetic investigations indicates a panhemispheric distribution of this M. galloprovincialis lineage with implications for naming a new sibling species of the M. edulis complex. This proposed new species, M. meridianus, is distributed in South America, the Kerguelen Islands, New Zealand and Australia at latitudes between ~ 30°S and ~ 55°S. Non-native M. galloprovincialis introduced from the Northern hemisphere have been present in NZ, Australia and Chile for at least ten years and hybridise with native blue mussels. Introgression is observed in New Zealand and Australian but not Chilean hybrid regions. The limited number of introduced mussels in Australia induces hybrid swamping of non-native alleles but an interlineage gender bias towards non-native maternal parents may result in eventual loss of the unique genomic content of native blue mussels in NZ. Southern hemisphere blue mussels form a monophyletic sister clade to a haplogroup shared by Northern hemisphere M. edulis and M. galloprovincialis. Although single gene histories are not congruent with respect to evolutionary relationships within ... |
author2 |
Gardner, Jonathan |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Westfall, Kristen Marie |
author_facet |
Westfall, Kristen Marie |
author_sort |
Westfall, Kristen Marie |
title |
Molecular Ecology and Systematics of Blue Mussels (Genus Mytilus) (Mytilidae; Bivalvia; Mollusca) in the Southern Hemisphere |
title_short |
Molecular Ecology and Systematics of Blue Mussels (Genus Mytilus) (Mytilidae; Bivalvia; Mollusca) in the Southern Hemisphere |
title_full |
Molecular Ecology and Systematics of Blue Mussels (Genus Mytilus) (Mytilidae; Bivalvia; Mollusca) in the Southern Hemisphere |
title_fullStr |
Molecular Ecology and Systematics of Blue Mussels (Genus Mytilus) (Mytilidae; Bivalvia; Mollusca) in the Southern Hemisphere |
title_full_unstemmed |
Molecular Ecology and Systematics of Blue Mussels (Genus Mytilus) (Mytilidae; Bivalvia; Mollusca) in the Southern Hemisphere |
title_sort |
molecular ecology and systematics of blue mussels (genus mytilus) (mytilidae; bivalvia; mollusca) in the southern hemisphere |
publisher |
Victoria University of Wellington |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
http://researcharchive.vuw.ac.nz/handle/10063/1815 |
geographic |
Kerguelen Kerguelen Islands New Zealand |
geographic_facet |
Kerguelen Kerguelen Islands New Zealand |
genre |
Kerguelen Islands |
genre_facet |
Kerguelen Islands |
op_relation |
http://researcharchive.vuw.ac.nz/handle/10063/1815 |
_version_ |
1774295720590835712 |