How Well Do We Understand the Land-Ocean-Atmosphere Carbon Cycle?
Fossil fuel combustion, land use change and other human activities have increased the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) abundance by about 50% since the beginning of the industrial age. The atmospheric CO 2 growth rates would have been much larger if natural sinks in the land biosphere and ocean ha...
Published in: | Reviews of Geophysics |
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2022
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Online Access: | https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/b0b8451f-3d9b-4834-aa54-473cdc588111 https://doi.org/10.1029/2021RG000736 https://hdl.handle.net/1871.1/b0b8451f-3d9b-4834-aa54-473cdc588111 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85132947396&partnerID=8YFLogxK http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85132947396&partnerID=8YFLogxK |
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ftvuamstcris:oai:research.vu.nl:publications/b0b8451f-3d9b-4834-aa54-473cdc588111 2024-06-23T07:50:43+00:00 How Well Do We Understand the Land-Ocean-Atmosphere Carbon Cycle? Crisp, David Dolman, Han Tanhua, Toste McKinley, Galen A. Hauck, Judith Bastos, Ana Sitch, Stephen Eggleston, Simon Aich, Valentin 2022-06 https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/b0b8451f-3d9b-4834-aa54-473cdc588111 https://doi.org/10.1029/2021RG000736 https://hdl.handle.net/1871.1/b0b8451f-3d9b-4834-aa54-473cdc588111 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85132947396&partnerID=8YFLogxK http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85132947396&partnerID=8YFLogxK eng eng https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/b0b8451f-3d9b-4834-aa54-473cdc588111 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Crisp , D , Dolman , H , Tanhua , T , McKinley , G A , Hauck , J , Bastos , A , Sitch , S , Eggleston , S & Aich , V 2022 , ' How Well Do We Understand the Land-Ocean-Atmosphere Carbon Cycle? ' , Reviews of Geophysics , vol. 60 , no. 2 , e2021RG000736 , pp. 1-64 . https://doi.org/10.1029/2021RG000736 anthropogenic emissions carbon cycle carbon fluxes carbon stocks /dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/partnerships name=SDG 17 - Partnerships for the Goals article 2022 ftvuamstcris https://doi.org/10.1029/2021RG000736 2024-06-06T00:34:35Z Fossil fuel combustion, land use change and other human activities have increased the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) abundance by about 50% since the beginning of the industrial age. The atmospheric CO 2 growth rates would have been much larger if natural sinks in the land biosphere and ocean had not removed over half of this anthropogenic CO 2 . As these CO 2 emissions grew, uptake by the ocean increased in response to increases in atmospheric CO 2 partial pressure (pCO 2 ). On land, gross primary production also increased, but the dynamics of other key aspects of the land carbon cycle varied regionally. Over the past three decades, CO 2 uptake by intact tropical humid forests declined, but these changes are offset by increased uptake across mid- and high-latitudes. While there have been substantial improvements in our ability to study the carbon cycle, measurement and modeling gaps still limit our understanding of the processes driving its evolution. Continued ship-based observations combined with expanded deployments of autonomous platforms are needed to quantify ocean-atmosphere fluxes and interior ocean carbon storage on policy-relevant spatial and temporal scales. There is also an urgent need for more comprehensive measurements of stocks, fluxes and atmospheric CO 2 in humid tropical forests and across the Arctic and boreal regions, which are experiencing rapid change. Here, we review our understanding of the atmosphere, ocean, and land carbon cycles and their interactions, identify emerging measurement and modeling capabilities and gaps and the need for a sustainable, operational framework to ensure a scientific basis for carbon management. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU): Research Portal Arctic Reviews of Geophysics 60 2 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU): Research Portal |
op_collection_id |
ftvuamstcris |
language |
English |
topic |
anthropogenic emissions carbon cycle carbon fluxes carbon stocks /dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/partnerships name=SDG 17 - Partnerships for the Goals |
spellingShingle |
anthropogenic emissions carbon cycle carbon fluxes carbon stocks /dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/partnerships name=SDG 17 - Partnerships for the Goals Crisp, David Dolman, Han Tanhua, Toste McKinley, Galen A. Hauck, Judith Bastos, Ana Sitch, Stephen Eggleston, Simon Aich, Valentin How Well Do We Understand the Land-Ocean-Atmosphere Carbon Cycle? |
topic_facet |
anthropogenic emissions carbon cycle carbon fluxes carbon stocks /dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/partnerships name=SDG 17 - Partnerships for the Goals |
description |
Fossil fuel combustion, land use change and other human activities have increased the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) abundance by about 50% since the beginning of the industrial age. The atmospheric CO 2 growth rates would have been much larger if natural sinks in the land biosphere and ocean had not removed over half of this anthropogenic CO 2 . As these CO 2 emissions grew, uptake by the ocean increased in response to increases in atmospheric CO 2 partial pressure (pCO 2 ). On land, gross primary production also increased, but the dynamics of other key aspects of the land carbon cycle varied regionally. Over the past three decades, CO 2 uptake by intact tropical humid forests declined, but these changes are offset by increased uptake across mid- and high-latitudes. While there have been substantial improvements in our ability to study the carbon cycle, measurement and modeling gaps still limit our understanding of the processes driving its evolution. Continued ship-based observations combined with expanded deployments of autonomous platforms are needed to quantify ocean-atmosphere fluxes and interior ocean carbon storage on policy-relevant spatial and temporal scales. There is also an urgent need for more comprehensive measurements of stocks, fluxes and atmospheric CO 2 in humid tropical forests and across the Arctic and boreal regions, which are experiencing rapid change. Here, we review our understanding of the atmosphere, ocean, and land carbon cycles and their interactions, identify emerging measurement and modeling capabilities and gaps and the need for a sustainable, operational framework to ensure a scientific basis for carbon management. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Crisp, David Dolman, Han Tanhua, Toste McKinley, Galen A. Hauck, Judith Bastos, Ana Sitch, Stephen Eggleston, Simon Aich, Valentin |
author_facet |
Crisp, David Dolman, Han Tanhua, Toste McKinley, Galen A. Hauck, Judith Bastos, Ana Sitch, Stephen Eggleston, Simon Aich, Valentin |
author_sort |
Crisp, David |
title |
How Well Do We Understand the Land-Ocean-Atmosphere Carbon Cycle? |
title_short |
How Well Do We Understand the Land-Ocean-Atmosphere Carbon Cycle? |
title_full |
How Well Do We Understand the Land-Ocean-Atmosphere Carbon Cycle? |
title_fullStr |
How Well Do We Understand the Land-Ocean-Atmosphere Carbon Cycle? |
title_full_unstemmed |
How Well Do We Understand the Land-Ocean-Atmosphere Carbon Cycle? |
title_sort |
how well do we understand the land-ocean-atmosphere carbon cycle? |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/b0b8451f-3d9b-4834-aa54-473cdc588111 https://doi.org/10.1029/2021RG000736 https://hdl.handle.net/1871.1/b0b8451f-3d9b-4834-aa54-473cdc588111 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85132947396&partnerID=8YFLogxK http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85132947396&partnerID=8YFLogxK |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Crisp , D , Dolman , H , Tanhua , T , McKinley , G A , Hauck , J , Bastos , A , Sitch , S , Eggleston , S & Aich , V 2022 , ' How Well Do We Understand the Land-Ocean-Atmosphere Carbon Cycle? ' , Reviews of Geophysics , vol. 60 , no. 2 , e2021RG000736 , pp. 1-64 . https://doi.org/10.1029/2021RG000736 |
op_relation |
https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/b0b8451f-3d9b-4834-aa54-473cdc588111 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2021RG000736 |
container_title |
Reviews of Geophysics |
container_volume |
60 |
container_issue |
2 |
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1802641626206568448 |