The crustacean scavenger guild in Antarctic shelf, bathyal and abyssal communities

Peracarid crustaceans form a significant part of the macrobenthic community that is responsible for scavenging on large food falls onto the sea floor. Although several studies are available about scavengers from tropical and temperate seas, very little information has been published about such speci...

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Published in:Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography
Main Authors: De Broyer, C., Nyssen, F., Dauby, P.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: 2004
Subjects:
PSW
Online Access:http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=109682
id ftvliz:oai:oma.vliz.be:109682
record_format openpolar
spelling ftvliz:oai:oma.vliz.be:109682 2023-05-15T13:57:19+02:00 The crustacean scavenger guild in Antarctic shelf, bathyal and abyssal communities De Broyer, C. Nyssen, F. Dauby, P. 2004 http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=109682 en eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/000225890600016 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2004.06.032 http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=109682 info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess %3Ci%3EDeep-Sea+Res.,+Part+II,+Top.+Stud.+Oceanogr.+51%2814-16%29%3C%2Fi%3E%3A+1733-1752.+%3Ca+href%3D%22https%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1016%2Fj.dsr2.2004.06.032%22+target%3D%22_blank%22%3Ehttps%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1016%2Fj.dsr2.2004.06.032%3C%2Fa%3E Geographical distribution Scavengers Species diversity Amphipoda [amphipods] Cirolanidae Crustacea [crustaceans] Isopoda Lysianassoidea Peracarida PSW Antarctica South Shetland I Scotia Sea Weddell Sea info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2004 ftvliz https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2004.06.032 2022-05-01T09:01:38Z Peracarid crustaceans form a significant part of the macrobenthic community that is responsible for scavenging on large food falls onto the sea floor. Although several studies are available about scavengers from tropical and temperate seas, very little information has been published about such species living in Antarctic waters, particularly at greater depths. The present paper is based on a collection of 31 baited trap sets deployed in the Weddell Sea, Scotia Sea, and off the South Shetland Islands, and presents results on the geographical and bathymetric distribution of the different taxa and on the eco-functional role of scavengers. Some 68,000 peracarid crustaceans from 62 species were collected. About 98% of individuals belonged to the amphipod superfamily Lysianassoidea, and 2% to the isopod family Cirolanidae. Of these species, 31, including 26 lysianassoids (1400 individuals), were collected deeper than 1000 m. High species richness was discerned for the eastern Weddell Sea shelf compared with other Antarctic areas. The Antarctic slope also seems to be richer in species than other areas investigated in the world, while in the abyss, scavenger species richness appears to be lower in Antarctica. A richness gradient was thus observed from the shelf to the deep. For amphipods, a number of species extend their distribution from the shelf to the slope and only one to the abyssal zone. Amphipod species showed degrees of adaptation to necrophagy. The functional adaptations of the mandible and the storage function of the gut are discussed. Feeding experiments conducted on lysianassoid species collected at great depths and maintained in aquaria showed a mean feeding rate of about 1.4–4.1% dry body weight day -1 , which is consistent with data obtained from other species. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Scotia Sea South Shetland Islands Weddell Sea Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ): Open Marine Archive (OMA) Antarctic Scotia Sea South Shetland Islands The Antarctic Weddell Weddell Sea Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 51 14-16 1733 1752
institution Open Polar
collection Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ): Open Marine Archive (OMA)
op_collection_id ftvliz
language English
topic Geographical distribution
Scavengers
Species diversity
Amphipoda [amphipods]
Cirolanidae
Crustacea [crustaceans]
Isopoda
Lysianassoidea
Peracarida
PSW
Antarctica
South Shetland I
Scotia Sea
Weddell Sea
spellingShingle Geographical distribution
Scavengers
Species diversity
Amphipoda [amphipods]
Cirolanidae
Crustacea [crustaceans]
Isopoda
Lysianassoidea
Peracarida
PSW
Antarctica
South Shetland I
Scotia Sea
Weddell Sea
De Broyer, C.
Nyssen, F.
Dauby, P.
The crustacean scavenger guild in Antarctic shelf, bathyal and abyssal communities
topic_facet Geographical distribution
Scavengers
Species diversity
Amphipoda [amphipods]
Cirolanidae
Crustacea [crustaceans]
Isopoda
Lysianassoidea
Peracarida
PSW
Antarctica
South Shetland I
Scotia Sea
Weddell Sea
description Peracarid crustaceans form a significant part of the macrobenthic community that is responsible for scavenging on large food falls onto the sea floor. Although several studies are available about scavengers from tropical and temperate seas, very little information has been published about such species living in Antarctic waters, particularly at greater depths. The present paper is based on a collection of 31 baited trap sets deployed in the Weddell Sea, Scotia Sea, and off the South Shetland Islands, and presents results on the geographical and bathymetric distribution of the different taxa and on the eco-functional role of scavengers. Some 68,000 peracarid crustaceans from 62 species were collected. About 98% of individuals belonged to the amphipod superfamily Lysianassoidea, and 2% to the isopod family Cirolanidae. Of these species, 31, including 26 lysianassoids (1400 individuals), were collected deeper than 1000 m. High species richness was discerned for the eastern Weddell Sea shelf compared with other Antarctic areas. The Antarctic slope also seems to be richer in species than other areas investigated in the world, while in the abyss, scavenger species richness appears to be lower in Antarctica. A richness gradient was thus observed from the shelf to the deep. For amphipods, a number of species extend their distribution from the shelf to the slope and only one to the abyssal zone. Amphipod species showed degrees of adaptation to necrophagy. The functional adaptations of the mandible and the storage function of the gut are discussed. Feeding experiments conducted on lysianassoid species collected at great depths and maintained in aquaria showed a mean feeding rate of about 1.4–4.1% dry body weight day -1 , which is consistent with data obtained from other species.
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author De Broyer, C.
Nyssen, F.
Dauby, P.
author_facet De Broyer, C.
Nyssen, F.
Dauby, P.
author_sort De Broyer, C.
title The crustacean scavenger guild in Antarctic shelf, bathyal and abyssal communities
title_short The crustacean scavenger guild in Antarctic shelf, bathyal and abyssal communities
title_full The crustacean scavenger guild in Antarctic shelf, bathyal and abyssal communities
title_fullStr The crustacean scavenger guild in Antarctic shelf, bathyal and abyssal communities
title_full_unstemmed The crustacean scavenger guild in Antarctic shelf, bathyal and abyssal communities
title_sort crustacean scavenger guild in antarctic shelf, bathyal and abyssal communities
publishDate 2004
url http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=109682
geographic Antarctic
Scotia Sea
South Shetland Islands
The Antarctic
Weddell
Weddell Sea
geographic_facet Antarctic
Scotia Sea
South Shetland Islands
The Antarctic
Weddell
Weddell Sea
genre Antarc*
Antarctic
Antarctica
Scotia Sea
South Shetland Islands
Weddell Sea
genre_facet Antarc*
Antarctic
Antarctica
Scotia Sea
South Shetland Islands
Weddell Sea
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op_relation info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/000225890600016
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2004.06.032
http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=109682
op_rights info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
op_doi https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2004.06.032
container_title Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography
container_volume 51
container_issue 14-16
container_start_page 1733
op_container_end_page 1752
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