Demography and Behavior of Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) Breeding on the Yukon-Kuskokwim River Delta, Alaska
I conducted demographic and behavioral studies of Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) breeding on the Yukon-Kuskokwim River Delta, Alaska (1998-2005). In chapter one, I estimated apparent annual survival (product of true survival and site fidelity) while correcting for the probability of encounter f...
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Virginia Tech
2006
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ftvirginiatec:oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/28903 2024-05-19T07:43:33+00:00 Demography and Behavior of Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) Breeding on the Yukon-Kuskokwim River Delta, Alaska Johnson, James Matthew Biological Sciences Walters, Jeffrey R. Haig, S. M. Greenberg, Russell S. Phillips, John B. 2006-08-07 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28903 http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09082006-130942/ unknown Virginia Tech johnson_dissertation_1.pdf etd-09082006-130942 http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28903 http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09082006-130942/ In Copyright http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ vocal signals call function Reproduction parental care despotic distribution dispersal mark-recapture mate fidelity nest success fitness divorce shorebird resource use breeding site fidelity survival Dissertation 2006 ftvirginiatec 2024-05-01T01:15:11Z I conducted demographic and behavioral studies of Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) breeding on the Yukon-Kuskokwim River Delta, Alaska (1998-2005). In chapter one, I estimated apparent annual survival (product of true survival and site fidelity) while correcting for the probability of encounter for 237 males and 296 females. Overall return rates (individual returned to the site in a subsequent season) were lower for females (40%) than males (65%), as was apparent annual survival ( SE, females = 0.65 0.05, males = 0.78 0.03), and encounter rate (females = 0.51 0.07, males = 0.74 0.04). In chapter two, I examined the effects of mate and site fidelity on nesting success (N = 430 nests). Annual divorce rate ranged between 37-83%, with 17-63% of pairs reuniting annually. Reuniting pairs initiated clutches earlier than newly formed pairs, and clutches that were initiated early in the season had higher nest success rates compared to late-season nests. When I controlled for clutch-initiation date, nests tended by individuals with prior breeding-site experience had higher daily survival rates compared to birds breeding at the site for the first time. The effect of site experience was greater for males than females. In chapter 3, I reported that Western Sandpipers exhibited aggregated breeding behavior on a 36 ha plot. Breeding aggregations occurred when dominant and/or older individuals excluded younger, subordinate individuals from preferred habitat. The pattern of habitat occupancy conformed to an ideal despotic distribution with aggregated nesting birds in less preferred habitat experiencing lower reproductive success. In chapter 4, I described and demonstrated the form and function of parent-chick communication in the Western Sandpiper. Through experimental playback of adult vocalizations to chicks in the field, I demonstrated: (1) chicks respond to the alarm call by vocalizing relatively less often and moving away from the signal source, (2) chicks respond to the gather call by vocalizing relatively more often ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Kuskokwim Alaska Yukon VTechWorks (VirginiaTech) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
VTechWorks (VirginiaTech) |
op_collection_id |
ftvirginiatec |
language |
unknown |
topic |
vocal signals call function Reproduction parental care despotic distribution dispersal mark-recapture mate fidelity nest success fitness divorce shorebird resource use breeding site fidelity survival |
spellingShingle |
vocal signals call function Reproduction parental care despotic distribution dispersal mark-recapture mate fidelity nest success fitness divorce shorebird resource use breeding site fidelity survival Johnson, James Matthew Demography and Behavior of Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) Breeding on the Yukon-Kuskokwim River Delta, Alaska |
topic_facet |
vocal signals call function Reproduction parental care despotic distribution dispersal mark-recapture mate fidelity nest success fitness divorce shorebird resource use breeding site fidelity survival |
description |
I conducted demographic and behavioral studies of Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) breeding on the Yukon-Kuskokwim River Delta, Alaska (1998-2005). In chapter one, I estimated apparent annual survival (product of true survival and site fidelity) while correcting for the probability of encounter for 237 males and 296 females. Overall return rates (individual returned to the site in a subsequent season) were lower for females (40%) than males (65%), as was apparent annual survival ( SE, females = 0.65 0.05, males = 0.78 0.03), and encounter rate (females = 0.51 0.07, males = 0.74 0.04). In chapter two, I examined the effects of mate and site fidelity on nesting success (N = 430 nests). Annual divorce rate ranged between 37-83%, with 17-63% of pairs reuniting annually. Reuniting pairs initiated clutches earlier than newly formed pairs, and clutches that were initiated early in the season had higher nest success rates compared to late-season nests. When I controlled for clutch-initiation date, nests tended by individuals with prior breeding-site experience had higher daily survival rates compared to birds breeding at the site for the first time. The effect of site experience was greater for males than females. In chapter 3, I reported that Western Sandpipers exhibited aggregated breeding behavior on a 36 ha plot. Breeding aggregations occurred when dominant and/or older individuals excluded younger, subordinate individuals from preferred habitat. The pattern of habitat occupancy conformed to an ideal despotic distribution with aggregated nesting birds in less preferred habitat experiencing lower reproductive success. In chapter 4, I described and demonstrated the form and function of parent-chick communication in the Western Sandpiper. Through experimental playback of adult vocalizations to chicks in the field, I demonstrated: (1) chicks respond to the alarm call by vocalizing relatively less often and moving away from the signal source, (2) chicks respond to the gather call by vocalizing relatively more often ... |
author2 |
Biological Sciences Walters, Jeffrey R. Haig, S. M. Greenberg, Russell S. Phillips, John B. |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Johnson, James Matthew |
author_facet |
Johnson, James Matthew |
author_sort |
Johnson, James Matthew |
title |
Demography and Behavior of Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) Breeding on the Yukon-Kuskokwim River Delta, Alaska |
title_short |
Demography and Behavior of Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) Breeding on the Yukon-Kuskokwim River Delta, Alaska |
title_full |
Demography and Behavior of Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) Breeding on the Yukon-Kuskokwim River Delta, Alaska |
title_fullStr |
Demography and Behavior of Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) Breeding on the Yukon-Kuskokwim River Delta, Alaska |
title_full_unstemmed |
Demography and Behavior of Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) Breeding on the Yukon-Kuskokwim River Delta, Alaska |
title_sort |
demography and behavior of western sandpipers (calidris mauri) breeding on the yukon-kuskokwim river delta, alaska |
publisher |
Virginia Tech |
publishDate |
2006 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28903 http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09082006-130942/ |
genre |
Kuskokwim Alaska Yukon |
genre_facet |
Kuskokwim Alaska Yukon |
op_relation |
johnson_dissertation_1.pdf etd-09082006-130942 http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28903 http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09082006-130942/ |
op_rights |
In Copyright http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ |
_version_ |
1799483287304929280 |