Seismic and Related Phenomena at Active Volcanoes in New Zealand, Hawaii, and Italy
Recordings of the seismic power (rate of radiation of seismic energy) and seismic power spectral density (frequency distribution of seismic power) of volcanic vibrations at volcanoes Ruapehu and White Island in New Zealand, Kilauea in Hawaii, and Stromboli in Italy are reported, and related to visib...
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ftvictoriauwfig:oai:figshare.com:article/16948882 2023-05-15T18:43:37+02:00 Seismic and Related Phenomena at Active Volcanoes in New Zealand, Hawaii, and Italy Dibble, Raymond Russell 1972-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.26686/wgtn.16948882.v1 https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Seismic_and_Related_Phenomena_at_Active_Volcanoes_in_New_Zealand_Hawaii_and_Italy/16948882 unknown doi:10.26686/wgtn.16948882.v1 https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Seismic_and_Related_Phenomena_at_Active_Volcanoes_in_New_Zealand_Hawaii_and_Italy/16948882 Author Retains Copyright Seismology and Seismic Exploration Volcanic activity Earthquake Seismology Vulcanology Effects of volcanoes Volcanology School: School of Geography Environment and Earth Sciences 040407 Seismology and Seismic Exploration Marsden: 260206 Earthquake Seismology Marsden: 260103 Vulcanology Degree Discipline: Geology Degree Level: Doctoral Degree Name: Doctor of Philosophy Text Thesis 1972 ftvictoriauwfig https://doi.org/10.26686/wgtn.16948882.v1 2021-11-11T00:04:32Z Recordings of the seismic power (rate of radiation of seismic energy) and seismic power spectral density (frequency distribution of seismic power) of volcanic vibrations at volcanoes Ruapehu and White Island in New Zealand, Kilauea in Hawaii, and Stromboli in Italy are reported, and related to visible volcanic activity. At the andesite volcano Ruapehu, volcanic tremor of dominant frequency 2 Hz and seismic power < 1 kw occurs about 20% of the time. In 1961, 64, 66, 68 and 69, tremor increased ([is less than or equal to] 20 kW) and developed stoppages followed by powerful recommencements of tremor ([is less than or equal to] 230 kW) which resembled the B-type volcanic earthquake of Minakami. Brief eruptions of mud, water, ash, and pumice from the crater lake followed this activity in 1969, 68 and 69, the largest eruption (22 June 1969) having seismic power = 8 x 10 [to the power of] 6 W, kinetic power of eruption = 10 [to the power of] 12 W, total seismic energy = 7 x 10 [to the power of] 8 J, and total kinetic energy = 7 x 10 [to the power of] 12 J. The volume of the eruption was [greater than or equal to] 10 [to the power of] 6 m3. Ninety percent of the observed eruptions were forewarned within 12 days by the concurrence of volcanic tremor of [greater than or equal to] 1 kW, and volcano-seismic events of [greater than or equal to] 20 kW, but only about 50% of these warning indications were followed by eruptions. The behaviour is intermediate between that reported at Aso volcano, Japan, where eruptions occur after tremor (without powerful recommencements) has decreased, and Asama Volcano, Japan, where B-type earthquakes rather than tremor precede eruptions. The smoothed thermal power output of Ruapehu, calculated from the temperature of crater lake, increased during strong tremor, and exceeded 10 [to the power of] 9 W in 1964, 66 and 68. Between 1965 and 1970, the depth of the lake decreased from 300 to 65 m below overflow level, and the volume decreased from 10 x 10 [to the power of] 6 to 7 x 10 [to the ... Thesis White Island Open Access Victoria University of Wellington / Te Herenga Waka Crater Lake ENVELOPE(-60.667,-60.667,-62.983,-62.983) Marsden ENVELOPE(66.067,66.067,-67.867,-67.867) New Zealand White Island ENVELOPE(48.583,48.583,-66.733,-66.733) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Open Access Victoria University of Wellington / Te Herenga Waka |
op_collection_id |
ftvictoriauwfig |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Seismology and Seismic Exploration Volcanic activity Earthquake Seismology Vulcanology Effects of volcanoes Volcanology School: School of Geography Environment and Earth Sciences 040407 Seismology and Seismic Exploration Marsden: 260206 Earthquake Seismology Marsden: 260103 Vulcanology Degree Discipline: Geology Degree Level: Doctoral Degree Name: Doctor of Philosophy |
spellingShingle |
Seismology and Seismic Exploration Volcanic activity Earthquake Seismology Vulcanology Effects of volcanoes Volcanology School: School of Geography Environment and Earth Sciences 040407 Seismology and Seismic Exploration Marsden: 260206 Earthquake Seismology Marsden: 260103 Vulcanology Degree Discipline: Geology Degree Level: Doctoral Degree Name: Doctor of Philosophy Dibble, Raymond Russell Seismic and Related Phenomena at Active Volcanoes in New Zealand, Hawaii, and Italy |
topic_facet |
Seismology and Seismic Exploration Volcanic activity Earthquake Seismology Vulcanology Effects of volcanoes Volcanology School: School of Geography Environment and Earth Sciences 040407 Seismology and Seismic Exploration Marsden: 260206 Earthquake Seismology Marsden: 260103 Vulcanology Degree Discipline: Geology Degree Level: Doctoral Degree Name: Doctor of Philosophy |
description |
Recordings of the seismic power (rate of radiation of seismic energy) and seismic power spectral density (frequency distribution of seismic power) of volcanic vibrations at volcanoes Ruapehu and White Island in New Zealand, Kilauea in Hawaii, and Stromboli in Italy are reported, and related to visible volcanic activity. At the andesite volcano Ruapehu, volcanic tremor of dominant frequency 2 Hz and seismic power < 1 kw occurs about 20% of the time. In 1961, 64, 66, 68 and 69, tremor increased ([is less than or equal to] 20 kW) and developed stoppages followed by powerful recommencements of tremor ([is less than or equal to] 230 kW) which resembled the B-type volcanic earthquake of Minakami. Brief eruptions of mud, water, ash, and pumice from the crater lake followed this activity in 1969, 68 and 69, the largest eruption (22 June 1969) having seismic power = 8 x 10 [to the power of] 6 W, kinetic power of eruption = 10 [to the power of] 12 W, total seismic energy = 7 x 10 [to the power of] 8 J, and total kinetic energy = 7 x 10 [to the power of] 12 J. The volume of the eruption was [greater than or equal to] 10 [to the power of] 6 m3. Ninety percent of the observed eruptions were forewarned within 12 days by the concurrence of volcanic tremor of [greater than or equal to] 1 kW, and volcano-seismic events of [greater than or equal to] 20 kW, but only about 50% of these warning indications were followed by eruptions. The behaviour is intermediate between that reported at Aso volcano, Japan, where eruptions occur after tremor (without powerful recommencements) has decreased, and Asama Volcano, Japan, where B-type earthquakes rather than tremor precede eruptions. The smoothed thermal power output of Ruapehu, calculated from the temperature of crater lake, increased during strong tremor, and exceeded 10 [to the power of] 9 W in 1964, 66 and 68. Between 1965 and 1970, the depth of the lake decreased from 300 to 65 m below overflow level, and the volume decreased from 10 x 10 [to the power of] 6 to 7 x 10 [to the ... |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Dibble, Raymond Russell |
author_facet |
Dibble, Raymond Russell |
author_sort |
Dibble, Raymond Russell |
title |
Seismic and Related Phenomena at Active Volcanoes in New Zealand, Hawaii, and Italy |
title_short |
Seismic and Related Phenomena at Active Volcanoes in New Zealand, Hawaii, and Italy |
title_full |
Seismic and Related Phenomena at Active Volcanoes in New Zealand, Hawaii, and Italy |
title_fullStr |
Seismic and Related Phenomena at Active Volcanoes in New Zealand, Hawaii, and Italy |
title_full_unstemmed |
Seismic and Related Phenomena at Active Volcanoes in New Zealand, Hawaii, and Italy |
title_sort |
seismic and related phenomena at active volcanoes in new zealand, hawaii, and italy |
publishDate |
1972 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.26686/wgtn.16948882.v1 https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Seismic_and_Related_Phenomena_at_Active_Volcanoes_in_New_Zealand_Hawaii_and_Italy/16948882 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-60.667,-60.667,-62.983,-62.983) ENVELOPE(66.067,66.067,-67.867,-67.867) ENVELOPE(48.583,48.583,-66.733,-66.733) |
geographic |
Crater Lake Marsden New Zealand White Island |
geographic_facet |
Crater Lake Marsden New Zealand White Island |
genre |
White Island |
genre_facet |
White Island |
op_relation |
doi:10.26686/wgtn.16948882.v1 https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Seismic_and_Related_Phenomena_at_Active_Volcanoes_in_New_Zealand_Hawaii_and_Italy/16948882 |
op_rights |
Author Retains Copyright |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.26686/wgtn.16948882.v1 |
_version_ |
1766234051050471424 |