Columbia Glacier, ca. 1912
Caption on image: Columbia Glacier, Alaska PH Coll 247.749 The Columbia Glacier is one of Alaska's better known tidewater glaciers -- those that empty directly into the sea -- both from the standpoint of tourist attraction and the model it provides for scientific investigation. In 1973 it becam...
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ftuwashingtonlib:oai:cdm16786.contentdm.oclc.org:thwaites/285 2023-05-15T16:20:20+02:00 Columbia Glacier, ca. 1912 Thwaites, John E. (John Edward), 1863-1940 University of Washington Libraries. Manuscripts, Special Collections, University Archives Division United States--Alaska--Columbia Glacier circa 1912 Scanned from a photographic print using a Microtek Scanmaker 9600XL at 100 dpi in JPEG format at compression rate 3 and resized to 768x512 ppi. 2003. http://cdm16786.contentdm.oclc.org:80/cdm/ref/collection/thwaites/id/285 unknown John E. Thwaites Photographs THW336 University of Washington Libraries, Special Collections, [Order Number or Negative Number] THWAITES 247.749 5526 http://cdm16786.contentdm.oclc.org:80/cdm/ref/collection/thwaites/id/285 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/ For information on permissions for use and reproductions please visit UW Libraries Special Collections Use Permissions page: http://www.lib.washington.edu/specialcollections/services/permission-for-use University of Washington Libraries, Special Collections John E. Thwaites Photograph Collection. PH Coll 247 Columbia Glacier (Alaska) Glaciers--Alaska Photograph; image 1912 ftuwashingtonlib 2019-03-17T00:05:30Z Caption on image: Columbia Glacier, Alaska PH Coll 247.749 The Columbia Glacier is one of Alaska's better known tidewater glaciers -- those that empty directly into the sea -- both from the standpoint of tourist attraction and the model it provides for scientific investigation. In 1973 it became the object of close scientific scrutiny. Located about 40 kilometers (25 miles) west of Valdez near the epicenter of the great 1964 earthquake, it is rapidly losing its battle for survival. It is the last of Alaska's 52 tidewater glaciers to begin its epic retreat from the sea. Glaciers typically follow a seasonal pattern of advance and retreat. During the late summer months, tidewater glaciers erode on the seaward edge by calving, but if the amount of ice lost is replenished during the winter and early spring months, the glacier remains stable. Scientists have reported that Columbia Glacier will be reduced to about half its present size in the next 30 to 50 years, and that its terminus will have moved about 40 kilometers up the valley in which it lies. This is an astonishing rate of disintegration. Columbia Glacier moves toward the sea at the rate of about one to three kilometers per year (about a mile) along its center line and roughly twice that fast along the edges where the ice is thinner. In order for the leading edge to actually move backward, therefore, the calving rate in the later months of the year must be phenomenal. It is now known that Columbia Glacier is (unlikely though it sounds) moving backward into ever-deeper water. Once the instability is triggered, the process of self-destruction feeds upon itself. In the late 1970s, the water at the glacier's face was 56 feet deep. Now, it is nearly 1000 feet deep, and icebergs almost as tall and weighing as much as a million tons are breaking off. Generally, these mammoth ice cubes are trapped by the pile of rocks that the glacier has already shoved ahead. They remain there until they break up into smaller bergs which head out to sea on their own, posing collision threats to oil tankers and other shipping in Valdez Arm. Other/Unknown Material glacier glaciers Tidewater Alaska University of Washington, Seattle: Digital Collections |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Washington, Seattle: Digital Collections |
op_collection_id |
ftuwashingtonlib |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Columbia Glacier (Alaska) Glaciers--Alaska |
spellingShingle |
Columbia Glacier (Alaska) Glaciers--Alaska Thwaites, John E. (John Edward), 1863-1940 Columbia Glacier, ca. 1912 |
topic_facet |
Columbia Glacier (Alaska) Glaciers--Alaska |
description |
Caption on image: Columbia Glacier, Alaska PH Coll 247.749 The Columbia Glacier is one of Alaska's better known tidewater glaciers -- those that empty directly into the sea -- both from the standpoint of tourist attraction and the model it provides for scientific investigation. In 1973 it became the object of close scientific scrutiny. Located about 40 kilometers (25 miles) west of Valdez near the epicenter of the great 1964 earthquake, it is rapidly losing its battle for survival. It is the last of Alaska's 52 tidewater glaciers to begin its epic retreat from the sea. Glaciers typically follow a seasonal pattern of advance and retreat. During the late summer months, tidewater glaciers erode on the seaward edge by calving, but if the amount of ice lost is replenished during the winter and early spring months, the glacier remains stable. Scientists have reported that Columbia Glacier will be reduced to about half its present size in the next 30 to 50 years, and that its terminus will have moved about 40 kilometers up the valley in which it lies. This is an astonishing rate of disintegration. Columbia Glacier moves toward the sea at the rate of about one to three kilometers per year (about a mile) along its center line and roughly twice that fast along the edges where the ice is thinner. In order for the leading edge to actually move backward, therefore, the calving rate in the later months of the year must be phenomenal. It is now known that Columbia Glacier is (unlikely though it sounds) moving backward into ever-deeper water. Once the instability is triggered, the process of self-destruction feeds upon itself. In the late 1970s, the water at the glacier's face was 56 feet deep. Now, it is nearly 1000 feet deep, and icebergs almost as tall and weighing as much as a million tons are breaking off. Generally, these mammoth ice cubes are trapped by the pile of rocks that the glacier has already shoved ahead. They remain there until they break up into smaller bergs which head out to sea on their own, posing collision threats to oil tankers and other shipping in Valdez Arm. |
author2 |
University of Washington Libraries. Manuscripts, Special Collections, University Archives Division |
format |
Other/Unknown Material |
author |
Thwaites, John E. (John Edward), 1863-1940 |
author_facet |
Thwaites, John E. (John Edward), 1863-1940 |
author_sort |
Thwaites, John E. (John Edward), 1863-1940 |
title |
Columbia Glacier, ca. 1912 |
title_short |
Columbia Glacier, ca. 1912 |
title_full |
Columbia Glacier, ca. 1912 |
title_fullStr |
Columbia Glacier, ca. 1912 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Columbia Glacier, ca. 1912 |
title_sort |
columbia glacier, ca. 1912 |
publishDate |
1912 |
url |
http://cdm16786.contentdm.oclc.org:80/cdm/ref/collection/thwaites/id/285 |
op_coverage |
United States--Alaska--Columbia Glacier |
genre |
glacier glaciers Tidewater Alaska |
genre_facet |
glacier glaciers Tidewater Alaska |
op_source |
University of Washington Libraries, Special Collections John E. Thwaites Photograph Collection. PH Coll 247 |
op_relation |
John E. Thwaites Photographs THW336 University of Washington Libraries, Special Collections, [Order Number or Negative Number] THWAITES 247.749 5526 http://cdm16786.contentdm.oclc.org:80/cdm/ref/collection/thwaites/id/285 |
op_rights |
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/ For information on permissions for use and reproductions please visit UW Libraries Special Collections Use Permissions page: http://www.lib.washington.edu/specialcollections/services/permission-for-use |
_version_ |
1766008243891470336 |