Late Quaternary to Holocene Geology, Geomorphology and Glacial History of Dawson Creek and Surrounding area, Northeast British Columbia, Canada
Northeastern British Columbia was occupied by the Cordilleran (CIS) and the Laurentide (LIS) ice sheets, however, the timing and extent remains contentious. The late Quaternary and Holocene history of this area is examined by exploring geomorphic, stratigraphic, geochemical and geochronologic compon...
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Other Authors: | , |
Format: | Thesis |
Language: | English |
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2013
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5100 |
id |
ftuvicpubl:oai:dspace.library.uvic.ca:1828/5100 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Victoria (Canada): UVicDSpace |
op_collection_id |
ftuvicpubl |
language |
English |
topic |
Quaternary Geology Fort St John Optical Dating Stratigraphy Paleovalley Electrical Anisotropy Glacial Lake Peace Glacial Lake Mathews Cordilleran Ice Sheet Laurentide Ice Sheet Sand Dunes Holocene Fossils Paraglacial Northeastern British Columbia Boreal Fluvial Architectural Analysis Murray River Pine River Kiskatinaw River Paleoecology |
spellingShingle |
Quaternary Geology Fort St John Optical Dating Stratigraphy Paleovalley Electrical Anisotropy Glacial Lake Peace Glacial Lake Mathews Cordilleran Ice Sheet Laurentide Ice Sheet Sand Dunes Holocene Fossils Paraglacial Northeastern British Columbia Boreal Fluvial Architectural Analysis Murray River Pine River Kiskatinaw River Paleoecology Hickin, Adrian Scott Late Quaternary to Holocene Geology, Geomorphology and Glacial History of Dawson Creek and Surrounding area, Northeast British Columbia, Canada |
topic_facet |
Quaternary Geology Fort St John Optical Dating Stratigraphy Paleovalley Electrical Anisotropy Glacial Lake Peace Glacial Lake Mathews Cordilleran Ice Sheet Laurentide Ice Sheet Sand Dunes Holocene Fossils Paraglacial Northeastern British Columbia Boreal Fluvial Architectural Analysis Murray River Pine River Kiskatinaw River Paleoecology |
description |
Northeastern British Columbia was occupied by the Cordilleran (CIS) and the Laurentide (LIS) ice sheets, however, the timing and extent remains contentious. The late Quaternary and Holocene history of this area is examined by exploring geomorphic, stratigraphic, geochemical and geochronologic components of glacial, deglacial, paraglacial and non-glacial landsystems. New tools, such as GIS, LiDAR, and new geochronologic methods, such as optical dating are used to understand the Quaternary geology and geomorphology of the region. Bedrock topography represents the base of the Quaternary section and modelling shows that paleovalleys, common in this region, host extensive Neogene sedimentary records. Stratigraphies from the Murray and Pine valleys indicate glaciation prior to the Mid-Wisconsinan (MIS 3) and during the Late Wiconsinan (MIS 2). Glacial landforms record Late Wisconsinan ice-sheet coalescence and reflect the complex interaction of the LIS and CIS margins. During deglaciation, the LIS and CIS separated and glacial Lake Peace (GLP) formed. Shoreline features enable reconstruction of lake and ice configurations. Four phases of GLP are preserved. Optical ages from Phase II indicate GLP occupied the area some time between ca. 16 – 14 ka yrs ago. The apparent tilt on the shorelines provides a measure of isostatic adjustments and suggests asynchronous retreat of first the LIS, then the CIS. The transition from paraglacial to boreal conditions was driven by climate change and is recorded by vegetation sucession and cessation of paraglacial processes. Optical ages from stabilized dunes and radiocarbon ages from organics date the transition between 12 – 11.5 ka yrs ago with full boreal conditions established by 10 ka yrs ago. The Holocene is dominated by erosional processes, however some systems are aggrading. A case study on a floodplain demonstrates that resistivity (Ohmmapper) surveys provide a grain-size proxy to suppliant GPR studies, which is essential for geophysical fluvial architectural analysis. In the ... |
author2 |
Van der Flier-Keller, Eileen Levson, Victor M. |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Hickin, Adrian Scott |
author_facet |
Hickin, Adrian Scott |
author_sort |
Hickin, Adrian Scott |
title |
Late Quaternary to Holocene Geology, Geomorphology and Glacial History of Dawson Creek and Surrounding area, Northeast British Columbia, Canada |
title_short |
Late Quaternary to Holocene Geology, Geomorphology and Glacial History of Dawson Creek and Surrounding area, Northeast British Columbia, Canada |
title_full |
Late Quaternary to Holocene Geology, Geomorphology and Glacial History of Dawson Creek and Surrounding area, Northeast British Columbia, Canada |
title_fullStr |
Late Quaternary to Holocene Geology, Geomorphology and Glacial History of Dawson Creek and Surrounding area, Northeast British Columbia, Canada |
title_full_unstemmed |
Late Quaternary to Holocene Geology, Geomorphology and Glacial History of Dawson Creek and Surrounding area, Northeast British Columbia, Canada |
title_sort |
late quaternary to holocene geology, geomorphology and glacial history of dawson creek and surrounding area, northeast british columbia, canada |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5100 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-125.003,-125.003,54.000,54.000) ENVELOPE(-139.439,-139.439,64.069,64.069) ENVELOPE(-120.837,-120.837,56.244,56.244) ENVELOPE(-129.463,-129.463,58.259,58.259) ENVELOPE(-120.570,-120.570,55.767,55.767) ENVELOPE(-120.170,-120.170,56.083,56.083) |
geographic |
British Columbia Canada Dawson Creek Fort St. John Glacial Lake Kiskatinaw Kiskatinaw River |
geographic_facet |
British Columbia Canada Dawson Creek Fort St. John Glacial Lake Kiskatinaw Kiskatinaw River |
genre |
Ice Sheet |
genre_facet |
Ice Sheet |
op_relation |
http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5100 Hickin, A.S., Kerr, B., Turner, D.G., and Barchyn, T.E., 2008. Mapping Quaternary paleovalleys and drift thickness using petrophysical logs, northeast British Columbia, Fontas map sheet, NTS 94I; Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, vol. 45, pages 577—591. Hickin, A.S and Best, M.E., 2013. Mapping the Geometry and Lithostratigraphy of a Paleovalley with a Time-domain Electromagnetic Technique in an Area with Small Resistivity Contrasts, Groundbirch, British Columbia, Canada; Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics, Vol. 18, pages 119—135. Hickin, A.S., Kerr, B., Barchyn. T.E. and Paulen, R.C., 2009. Using ground-penetrating radar and capacitively coupled resistivity to investigate 3-D fluvial architecture and grain-size distribution of a gravel floodplain in northeast British Columbia, Canada; Journal of Sedimentary Research, vol. 79, pages 457—477. |
op_rights |
Available to the World Wide Web |
_version_ |
1766030974132420608 |
spelling |
ftuvicpubl:oai:dspace.library.uvic.ca:1828/5100 2023-05-15T16:40:34+02:00 Late Quaternary to Holocene Geology, Geomorphology and Glacial History of Dawson Creek and Surrounding area, Northeast British Columbia, Canada Hickin, Adrian Scott Van der Flier-Keller, Eileen Levson, Victor M. 2013 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5100 English en eng http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5100 Hickin, A.S., Kerr, B., Turner, D.G., and Barchyn, T.E., 2008. Mapping Quaternary paleovalleys and drift thickness using petrophysical logs, northeast British Columbia, Fontas map sheet, NTS 94I; Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, vol. 45, pages 577—591. Hickin, A.S and Best, M.E., 2013. Mapping the Geometry and Lithostratigraphy of a Paleovalley with a Time-domain Electromagnetic Technique in an Area with Small Resistivity Contrasts, Groundbirch, British Columbia, Canada; Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics, Vol. 18, pages 119—135. Hickin, A.S., Kerr, B., Barchyn. T.E. and Paulen, R.C., 2009. Using ground-penetrating radar and capacitively coupled resistivity to investigate 3-D fluvial architecture and grain-size distribution of a gravel floodplain in northeast British Columbia, Canada; Journal of Sedimentary Research, vol. 79, pages 457—477. Available to the World Wide Web Quaternary Geology Fort St John Optical Dating Stratigraphy Paleovalley Electrical Anisotropy Glacial Lake Peace Glacial Lake Mathews Cordilleran Ice Sheet Laurentide Ice Sheet Sand Dunes Holocene Fossils Paraglacial Northeastern British Columbia Boreal Fluvial Architectural Analysis Murray River Pine River Kiskatinaw River Paleoecology Thesis 2013 ftuvicpubl 2022-05-19T06:11:11Z Northeastern British Columbia was occupied by the Cordilleran (CIS) and the Laurentide (LIS) ice sheets, however, the timing and extent remains contentious. The late Quaternary and Holocene history of this area is examined by exploring geomorphic, stratigraphic, geochemical and geochronologic components of glacial, deglacial, paraglacial and non-glacial landsystems. New tools, such as GIS, LiDAR, and new geochronologic methods, such as optical dating are used to understand the Quaternary geology and geomorphology of the region. Bedrock topography represents the base of the Quaternary section and modelling shows that paleovalleys, common in this region, host extensive Neogene sedimentary records. Stratigraphies from the Murray and Pine valleys indicate glaciation prior to the Mid-Wisconsinan (MIS 3) and during the Late Wiconsinan (MIS 2). Glacial landforms record Late Wisconsinan ice-sheet coalescence and reflect the complex interaction of the LIS and CIS margins. During deglaciation, the LIS and CIS separated and glacial Lake Peace (GLP) formed. Shoreline features enable reconstruction of lake and ice configurations. Four phases of GLP are preserved. Optical ages from Phase II indicate GLP occupied the area some time between ca. 16 – 14 ka yrs ago. The apparent tilt on the shorelines provides a measure of isostatic adjustments and suggests asynchronous retreat of first the LIS, then the CIS. The transition from paraglacial to boreal conditions was driven by climate change and is recorded by vegetation sucession and cessation of paraglacial processes. Optical ages from stabilized dunes and radiocarbon ages from organics date the transition between 12 – 11.5 ka yrs ago with full boreal conditions established by 10 ka yrs ago. The Holocene is dominated by erosional processes, however some systems are aggrading. A case study on a floodplain demonstrates that resistivity (Ohmmapper) surveys provide a grain-size proxy to suppliant GPR studies, which is essential for geophysical fluvial architectural analysis. In the ... Thesis Ice Sheet University of Victoria (Canada): UVicDSpace British Columbia ENVELOPE(-125.003,-125.003,54.000,54.000) Canada Dawson Creek ENVELOPE(-139.439,-139.439,64.069,64.069) Fort St. John ENVELOPE(-120.837,-120.837,56.244,56.244) Glacial Lake ENVELOPE(-129.463,-129.463,58.259,58.259) Kiskatinaw ENVELOPE(-120.570,-120.570,55.767,55.767) Kiskatinaw River ENVELOPE(-120.170,-120.170,56.083,56.083) |