Enhancements of Satellite Data Assimilation over Antarctica

• Published in: Monthly Weather Review
• Main Authors: Bouchard, Aurélie, Rabier, Florence, Guidard, Vincent, Karbou, Fatima
• Other Authors: Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Concordiasi
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2010
• Subjects: Antarctica; Satellite observations; Data assimilation; Numerical weather prediction; Radiosonde observations; [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean; Atmosphere; Antarc*; Sea ice
• Online Access: https://meteofrance.hal.science/meteo-00564271; https://meteofrance.hal.science/meteo-00564271/document; https://meteofrance.hal.science/meteo-00564271/file/%5B15200493%20-%20Monthly%20Weather%20Review%5D%20Enhancements%20of%20Satellite%20Data%20Assimilation%20over%20Antarctica.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1175/2009MWR3071.1

International audience The Concordiasi field experiment, which is taking place in Antarctica, involves the launching of radiosoundings and stratospheric balloons. One of the main goals of this campaign is the validation of the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) radiance assimilation. Prior to the campaign, it was necessary to improve satellite data assimilation at high latitudes. Two types of sensors, microwave and infrared, have been considered to help with this issue. A major problem associated with microwave satellite data is the calculation of the surface emissivity. An innovative approach, based on satellite observations, improves the surface emissivity modeling over land and sea ice within the constraints of the four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4D-VAR) system. With this new calculation of emissivity, it has been possible to include many more microwave observations during the assimilation. In this study, this method has been applied to high latitudes, after some adjustments have been made to assimilate additional Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A/B (AMSU-A/B) data over sea ice and snow. The use of additional data from IASI and the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) sensors over land and sea ice has also been tested. The use of the microwave and infrared data over this polar area has modified the dynamical and thermodynamical model fields such as the snow precipitation quantity. Additional data have been found to have a positive impact on the skill of a model specially tuned for Antarctica.