Mass balance of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets from 1992 to 2020

• Published in: Earth System Science Data
• Main Authors: Otosaka, Inès N., Shepherd, Andrew, Ivins, Erik R., Schlegel, Nicole-Jeanne, Amory, Charles, van den Broeke, Michiel R., Horwath, Martin, Joughin, Ian, King, Michalea D., Krinner, Gerhard, Nowicki, Sophie, Payne, Anthony J., Rignot, Eric, Scambos, Ted, Simon, Karen M., Smith, Benjamin E., Sørensen, Louise S., Velicogna, Isabella, Whitehouse, Pippa L., A, Geruo, Agosta, Cécile, Ahlstrøm, Andreas P., Blazquez, Alejandro, Colgan, William, Engdahl, Marcus E., Fettweis, Xavier, Forsberg, Rene, Gallée, Hubert, Gardner, Alex, Gilbert, Lin, Gourmelen, Noel, Groh, Andreas, Gunter, Brian C., Harig, Christopher, Helm, Veit, Khan, Shfaqat Abbas, Kittel, Christoph, Konrad, Hannes, Langen, Peter L., Lecavalier, Benoit S., Liang, Chia-Chun, Loomis, Bryant D., Mcmillan, Malcolm, Melini, Daniele, Mernild, Sebastian H., Mottram, Ruth, Mouginot, Jeremie, Nilsson, Johan, Noël, Brice, Pattle, Mark E., Peltier, William R., Pie, Nadege, Roca, Mònica, Sasgen, Ingo, Save, Himanshu V., Seo, Ki-Weon, Scheuchl, Bernd, Schrama, Ernst J. O., Schröder, Ludwig, Simonsen, Sebastian B., Slater, Thomas, Spada, Giorgio, Sutterley, Tyler C., Dutt Vishwakarma, Bramha, Melchior van Wessem, Jan, Wiese, David, van der Wal, Wouter, Wouters, Bert
• Other Authors: Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2023
• Subjects: [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]; Antarc*; Antarctic; Antarctic Peninsula; Antarctica; East Antarctica; Greenland; Ice Sheet; West Antarctica
• Online Access: https://insu.hal.science/insu-04106436; https://insu.hal.science/insu-04106436/document; https://insu.hal.science/insu-04106436/file/essd-15-1597-2023.pdf; https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1597-2023

International audience Ice losses from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets have accelerated since the 1990s, accounting for a significant increase in the global mean sea level. Here, we present a new 29-year record of ice sheet mass balance from 1992 to 2020 from the Ice Sheet Mass Balance Inter-comparison Exercise (IMBIE). We compare and combine 50 independent estimates of ice sheet mass balance derived from satellite observations of temporal changes in ice sheet flow, in ice sheet volume, and in Earth's gravity field. Between 1992 and 2020, the ice sheets contributed 21.0±1.9 mm to global mean sea level, with the rate of mass loss rising from 105 Gt yr −1 between 1992 and 1996 to 372 Gt yr −1 between 2016 and 2020. In Greenland, the rate of mass loss is 169±9 Gt yr −1 between 1992 and 2020, but there are large inter-annual variations in mass balance, with mass loss ranging from 86 Gt yr −1 in 2017 to 444 Gt yr −1 in 2019 due to large variability in surface mass balance. In Antarctica, ice losses continue to be dominated by mass loss from West Antarctica (82±9 Gt yr −1 ) and, to a lesser extent, from the Antarctic Peninsula (13±5 Gt yr −1 ). East Antarctica remains close to a state of balance, with a small gain of 3±15 Gt yr −1 , but is the most uncertain component of Antarctica's mass balance. The dataset is publicly available at https://doi.org/10.5285/77B64C55-7166-4A06-9DEF-2E400398E452 (IMBIE Team, 2021).