Microorganisms in Dry Polar Snow Are Involved in the Exchanges of Reactive Nitrogen Species with the Atmosphere
International audience The snowpack is a complex photochemical reactor that emits a wide variety of reactive molecules to the atmosphere. In particular, the photolysis of nitrate ions, NO3−, produces NO, NO2, and HONO, which affects the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere. We report measurements in...
Published in: | Environmental Science & Technology |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2010
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Online Access: | https://insu.hal.science/insu-00553562 https://doi.org/10.1021/es9027309 |
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ftutoulouse3hal:oai:HAL:insu-00553562v1 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier: HAL-UPS |
op_collection_id |
ftutoulouse3hal |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology Amoroso, S. Dominè, F. Esposito, G. Morin, S. Savarino, J. Nardino, M. Montagnoli, M. Bonneville, J.-M. Clement, J. C. Ianniello, A. Beine, H. J. Microorganisms in Dry Polar Snow Are Involved in the Exchanges of Reactive Nitrogen Species with the Atmosphere |
topic_facet |
[SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology |
description |
International audience The snowpack is a complex photochemical reactor that emits a wide variety of reactive molecules to the atmosphere. In particular, the photolysis of nitrate ions, NO3−, produces NO, NO2, and HONO, which affects the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere. We report measurements in the European High Arctic where we observed for the first time emissions of NO, NO2, and HONO by the seasonal snowpack in winter, in the complete or near-complete absence of sunlight and in the absence of melting. We also detected unusually high concentrations of nitrite ions, NO2−, in the snow. These results suggest that microbial activity in the snowpack is responsible for the observed emissions. Isotopic analysis of NO2− and NO3− in the snow confirm that these ions, at least in part, do not have an atmospheric origin and are most likely produced by the microbial oxidation of NH4+ coming from clay minerals into NO2− and NO3−. These metabolic pathways also produce NO. Subsequent dark abiotic reactions lead to NO2 and HONO production. The snow cover is therefore not only an active photochemical reactor but also a biogeochemical reactor active in the cycling of nitrogen and it can affect atmospheric composition all year round. |
author2 |
Istituto sull’Inquinamento Atmosferico (CNR-IIA) National Research Council of Italy Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE) Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF) Centre d'Etudes de la Neige (CEN) Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) Istituto di Biometeorologia Bologna (IBIMET) Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Amoroso, S. Dominè, F. Esposito, G. Morin, S. Savarino, J. Nardino, M. Montagnoli, M. Bonneville, J.-M. Clement, J. C. Ianniello, A. Beine, H. J. |
author_facet |
Amoroso, S. Dominè, F. Esposito, G. Morin, S. Savarino, J. Nardino, M. Montagnoli, M. Bonneville, J.-M. Clement, J. C. Ianniello, A. Beine, H. J. |
author_sort |
Amoroso, S. |
title |
Microorganisms in Dry Polar Snow Are Involved in the Exchanges of Reactive Nitrogen Species with the Atmosphere |
title_short |
Microorganisms in Dry Polar Snow Are Involved in the Exchanges of Reactive Nitrogen Species with the Atmosphere |
title_full |
Microorganisms in Dry Polar Snow Are Involved in the Exchanges of Reactive Nitrogen Species with the Atmosphere |
title_fullStr |
Microorganisms in Dry Polar Snow Are Involved in the Exchanges of Reactive Nitrogen Species with the Atmosphere |
title_full_unstemmed |
Microorganisms in Dry Polar Snow Are Involved in the Exchanges of Reactive Nitrogen Species with the Atmosphere |
title_sort |
microorganisms in dry polar snow are involved in the exchanges of reactive nitrogen species with the atmosphere |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
https://insu.hal.science/insu-00553562 https://doi.org/10.1021/es9027309 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
ISSN: 0013-936X EISSN: 1520-5851 Environmental Science and Technology https://insu.hal.science/insu-00553562 Environmental Science and Technology, 2010, 44, pp.714-719. ⟨10.1021/es9027309⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1021/es9027309 insu-00553562 https://insu.hal.science/insu-00553562 BIBCODE: 10.1021/es9027309 doi:10.1021/es9027309 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1021/es9027309 |
container_title |
Environmental Science & Technology |
container_volume |
44 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
714 |
op_container_end_page |
719 |
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1772812657630380032 |
spelling |
ftutoulouse3hal:oai:HAL:insu-00553562v1 2023-07-30T04:01:55+02:00 Microorganisms in Dry Polar Snow Are Involved in the Exchanges of Reactive Nitrogen Species with the Atmosphere Amoroso, S. Dominè, F. Esposito, G. Morin, S. Savarino, J. Nardino, M. Montagnoli, M. Bonneville, J.-M. Clement, J. C. Ianniello, A. Beine, H. J. Istituto sull’Inquinamento Atmosferico (CNR-IIA) National Research Council of Italy Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE) Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF) Centre d'Etudes de la Neige (CEN) Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) Istituto di Biometeorologia Bologna (IBIMET) Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 2010 https://insu.hal.science/insu-00553562 https://doi.org/10.1021/es9027309 en eng HAL CCSD American Chemical Society info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1021/es9027309 insu-00553562 https://insu.hal.science/insu-00553562 BIBCODE: 10.1021/es9027309 doi:10.1021/es9027309 ISSN: 0013-936X EISSN: 1520-5851 Environmental Science and Technology https://insu.hal.science/insu-00553562 Environmental Science and Technology, 2010, 44, pp.714-719. ⟨10.1021/es9027309⟩ [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2010 ftutoulouse3hal https://doi.org/10.1021/es9027309 2023-07-20T20:11:52Z International audience The snowpack is a complex photochemical reactor that emits a wide variety of reactive molecules to the atmosphere. In particular, the photolysis of nitrate ions, NO3−, produces NO, NO2, and HONO, which affects the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere. We report measurements in the European High Arctic where we observed for the first time emissions of NO, NO2, and HONO by the seasonal snowpack in winter, in the complete or near-complete absence of sunlight and in the absence of melting. We also detected unusually high concentrations of nitrite ions, NO2−, in the snow. These results suggest that microbial activity in the snowpack is responsible for the observed emissions. Isotopic analysis of NO2− and NO3− in the snow confirm that these ions, at least in part, do not have an atmospheric origin and are most likely produced by the microbial oxidation of NH4+ coming from clay minerals into NO2− and NO3−. These metabolic pathways also produce NO. Subsequent dark abiotic reactions lead to NO2 and HONO production. The snow cover is therefore not only an active photochemical reactor but also a biogeochemical reactor active in the cycling of nitrogen and it can affect atmospheric composition all year round. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier: HAL-UPS Arctic Environmental Science & Technology 44 2 714 719 |