Advancing high spatial and spectral resolution remote sensing for observing plant community response to environmental variability and change in the Alaskan Arctic

• Main Author: Vargas, Sergio Armando
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Published: ScholarWorks@UTEP 2017
• Subjects: High-Arctic tundra; landscape ecology; permafrost degradation; plant phenology; remote sensing; surface structure and function; Environmental Sciences; Geographic Information Sciences; Arctic; Climate change; permafrost; Tundra
• Online Access: https://scholarworks.utep.edu/open_etd/775; https://scholarworks.utep.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1774&context=open_etd

The Arctic is being impacted by climate change more than any other region on Earth. Impacts to terrestrial ecosystems have the potential to manifest through feedbacks with other components of the Earth System. Of particular concern is the potential for the massive store of soil organic carbon to be released from arctic permafrost to the atmosphere where it could exacerbate greenhouse warming and impact global climate and biogeochemical cycles. Even though substantial gains to our understanding of the changing Arctic have been made, especially over the past decade, linking research results from plot to regional scales remains a challenge due to the lack of adequate low/mid-altitude sampling platforms, logistic constraints, and the lack of cross-scale validation of research methodologies. The prime motivation of this study is to advance observational capacities suitable for documenting multi-scale environmental change in arctic terrestrial landscapes through the development and testing of novel ground-based and low altitude remote sensing methods. Specifically this study addressed the following questions: â?¢ How well can low-cost kite aerial photography and advanced computer vision techniques model the microtopographic heterogeneity of changing tundra surfaces? â?¢ How does imagery from kite aerial photography and fixed time-lapse digital cameras (pheno-cams) compare in their capacity to monitor plot-level phenological dynamics of arctic vegetation communities? â?¢ Can the use of multi-scale digital imaging systems be scaled to improve measurements of ecosystem properties and processes at the landscape level? â?¢ How do results from ground-based and low altitude digital remote sensing of the spatiotemporal variability in ecosystem processes compare with those from satellite remote sensing platforms? Key findings from this study suggest that cost-effective alternative digital imaging and remote sensing methods are suitable for monitoring and quantifying plot to landscape level ecosystem structure and phenological ...