A global assessment of the societal impacts of glacier outburst floods
Glacier outburst floods are sudden releases of large amounts of water froma glacier. They are a pervasive natural hazard worldwide. They have an association with climate primarily via glacier mass balance and their impacts on society partly depend on population pressure and land use. Given the ongoi...
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ftustaffordshire:oai:eprints.staffs.ac.uk:2415 2023-05-15T16:21:40+02:00 A global assessment of the societal impacts of glacier outburst floods Carrivick, Jonathan L. TWEED, Fiona 2016-07-02 text http://eprints.staffs.ac.uk/2415/ https://eprints.staffs.ac.uk/2415/7/Societal%20impacts%20draft%20June%202016.docx https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2016.07.001 en eng Elsevier https://eprints.staffs.ac.uk/2415/7/Societal%20impacts%20draft%20June%202016.docx Carrivick, Jonathan L. and TWEED, Fiona (2016) A global assessment of the societal impacts of glacier outburst floods. Global and Planetary Change, 144. pp. 1-16. ISSN 09218181 cc_by_nc_nd CC-BY-NC-ND Article PeerReviewed 2016 ftustaffordshire https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2016.07.001 2023-03-02T23:14:48Z Glacier outburst floods are sudden releases of large amounts of water froma glacier. They are a pervasive natural hazard worldwide. They have an association with climate primarily via glacier mass balance and their impacts on society partly depend on population pressure and land use. Given the ongoing changes in climate and land use and population distributions there is therefore an urgent need to discriminate the spatio-temporal patterning of glacier outburst floods and their impacts. This study presents data compiled from 20 countries and comprising 1348 glacier floods spanning 10 centuries. Societal impactswere assessed using a relative damage index based on recorded deaths, evacuations, and property and infrastructure destruction and disruption. These floods originated from332 sites; 70% were fromice-dammed lakes and 36% had recorded societal impact. The number of floods recorded has apparently reduced since the mid-1990s in all major world regions. Two thirds of sites that have produced N5 floods (n=32) have floods occurring progressively earlier in the year. Glacier floods have directly caused at least: 7 deaths in Iceland, 393 deaths in the European Alps, 5745 deaths in South America and 6300 deaths in central Asia. Peru, Nepal and India have experienced fewer floods yet higher levels of damage. One in five sites in the European Alps has produced floods that have damaged farmland, destroyed homes and damaged bridges; 10% of sites in South America have produced glacier floods that have killed people and damaged infrastructure; 15% of sites in central Asia have produced floods that have inundated farmland, destroyed homes, damaged roads and damaged infrastructure. Overall, Bhutan andNepal have the greatest national-level economic consequences of glacier flood impacts.Werecommend that accurate, full and standardisedmonitoring, recording and reporting of glacier floods is essential if spatio-temporal patterns in glacier flood occurrence, magnitude and societal impact are to be better understood. We note that ... Article in Journal/Newspaper glacier Iceland Staffordshire University: STORE - Staffordshire Online Repository Global and Planetary Change 144 1 16 |
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Open Polar |
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Staffordshire University: STORE - Staffordshire Online Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftustaffordshire |
language |
English |
description |
Glacier outburst floods are sudden releases of large amounts of water froma glacier. They are a pervasive natural hazard worldwide. They have an association with climate primarily via glacier mass balance and their impacts on society partly depend on population pressure and land use. Given the ongoing changes in climate and land use and population distributions there is therefore an urgent need to discriminate the spatio-temporal patterning of glacier outburst floods and their impacts. This study presents data compiled from 20 countries and comprising 1348 glacier floods spanning 10 centuries. Societal impactswere assessed using a relative damage index based on recorded deaths, evacuations, and property and infrastructure destruction and disruption. These floods originated from332 sites; 70% were fromice-dammed lakes and 36% had recorded societal impact. The number of floods recorded has apparently reduced since the mid-1990s in all major world regions. Two thirds of sites that have produced N5 floods (n=32) have floods occurring progressively earlier in the year. Glacier floods have directly caused at least: 7 deaths in Iceland, 393 deaths in the European Alps, 5745 deaths in South America and 6300 deaths in central Asia. Peru, Nepal and India have experienced fewer floods yet higher levels of damage. One in five sites in the European Alps has produced floods that have damaged farmland, destroyed homes and damaged bridges; 10% of sites in South America have produced glacier floods that have killed people and damaged infrastructure; 15% of sites in central Asia have produced floods that have inundated farmland, destroyed homes, damaged roads and damaged infrastructure. Overall, Bhutan andNepal have the greatest national-level economic consequences of glacier flood impacts.Werecommend that accurate, full and standardisedmonitoring, recording and reporting of glacier floods is essential if spatio-temporal patterns in glacier flood occurrence, magnitude and societal impact are to be better understood. We note that ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Carrivick, Jonathan L. TWEED, Fiona |
spellingShingle |
Carrivick, Jonathan L. TWEED, Fiona A global assessment of the societal impacts of glacier outburst floods |
author_facet |
Carrivick, Jonathan L. TWEED, Fiona |
author_sort |
Carrivick, Jonathan L. |
title |
A global assessment of the societal impacts of glacier outburst floods |
title_short |
A global assessment of the societal impacts of glacier outburst floods |
title_full |
A global assessment of the societal impacts of glacier outburst floods |
title_fullStr |
A global assessment of the societal impacts of glacier outburst floods |
title_full_unstemmed |
A global assessment of the societal impacts of glacier outburst floods |
title_sort |
global assessment of the societal impacts of glacier outburst floods |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://eprints.staffs.ac.uk/2415/ https://eprints.staffs.ac.uk/2415/7/Societal%20impacts%20draft%20June%202016.docx https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2016.07.001 |
genre |
glacier Iceland |
genre_facet |
glacier Iceland |
op_relation |
https://eprints.staffs.ac.uk/2415/7/Societal%20impacts%20draft%20June%202016.docx Carrivick, Jonathan L. and TWEED, Fiona (2016) A global assessment of the societal impacts of glacier outburst floods. Global and Planetary Change, 144. pp. 1-16. ISSN 09218181 |
op_rights |
cc_by_nc_nd |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY-NC-ND |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2016.07.001 |
container_title |
Global and Planetary Change |
container_volume |
144 |
container_start_page |
1 |
op_container_end_page |
16 |
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1766009660275425280 |