The seasonal cycle in coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models
We examine the seasonal cycle of near-surface air temperature simulated by 17 coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP). Nine of the models use ad hoc 'flux adjustment' at the ocean surface to bring model simulatio...
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Online Access: | https://research.usq.edu.au/item/q6wyq/the-seasonal-cycle-in-coupled-ocean-atmosphere-general-circulation-models https://doi.org/10.1007/s003820000081 |
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ftusqland:oai:research.usq.edu.au:q6wyq 2023-08-27T04:12:13+02:00 The seasonal cycle in coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models Covey, C. Abe-Ouchi, A. Boer, G. J. Boville, B. A. Cubasch, U. Fairhead, L. Flato, G. M. Gordon, H. Guilyardi, E. Jiang, X. Johns, T. C. Le Treut, H. Madec, G. Meehl, G. A. Miller, R. Noda, A. Power, S. B. Roeckner, E. Russell, G. Schneider, E. K. Stouffer, J. R. Terray, L. von Storch, J.-S. 2000 https://research.usq.edu.au/item/q6wyq/the-seasonal-cycle-in-coupled-ocean-atmosphere-general-circulation-models https://doi.org/10.1007/s003820000081 unknown Springer https://doi.org/10.1007/s003820000081 Covey, C., Abe-Ouchi, A., Boer, G. J., Boville, B. A., Cubasch, U., Fairhead, L., Flato, G. M., Gordon, H., Guilyardi, E., Jiang, X., Johns, T. C., Le Treut, H., Madec, G., Meehl, G. A., Miller, R., Noda, A., Power, S. B., Roeckner, E., Russell, G., ., von Storch, J.-S. 2000. "The seasonal cycle in coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models." Climate Dynamics. 16 (10-11), pp. 775-787. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003820000081 surface air-temperature spatial variability climate sensitivity CO2 increase project layer article PeerReviewed 2000 ftusqland https://doi.org/10.1007/s003820000081 2023-08-07T22:32:45Z We examine the seasonal cycle of near-surface air temperature simulated by 17 coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP). Nine of the models use ad hoc 'flux adjustment' at the ocean surface to bring model simulations close to observations of the present-day climate. We group flux-adjusted and non-flux-adjusted models separately and examine the behavior of each class. When averaged over all of the flux-adjusted model simulations, near-surface air temperature falls within 2 K of observed values over the oceans. The corresponding average over non-flux-adjusted models shows errors up to 6 K in extensive ocean areas. Flux adjustments are not directly applied over land, and near-surface land temperature errors are substantial in the average over flux-adjusted models, which systematically underestimates (by 5 K) temperature in areas of elevated terrain. The corresponding average over non-flux-adjusted models forms a similar error pattern (with somewhat increased amplitude) over land. We use the temperature difference between July and January to measure seasonal cycle amplitude. Zonal means of this quantity from the individual flux-adjusted models form a fairly tight cluster (all within 30% of the mean) centered on the observed values. The non-flux-adjusted models perform nearly as well at most latitudes. In Southern Ocean mid-latitudes, however, the non-flux-adjusted models overestimate the magnitude of January-minus-July temperature differences by 5 K due to an overestimate of summer (January) near-surface temperature. This error is common to five of the eight non-flux-adjusted models. Also, over Northern Hemisphere mid-latitude land areas, zonal mean differences between July and January temperatures simulated by the non-flux-adjusted models show a greater spread (positive and negative) about observed values than results from the flux-adjusted models. Elsewhere, differences between the two classes of models are less obvious. At no latitude is ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Southern Ocean University of Southern Queensland: USQ ePrints Southern Ocean Climate Dynamics 16 10-11 775 787 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Southern Queensland: USQ ePrints |
op_collection_id |
ftusqland |
language |
unknown |
topic |
surface air-temperature spatial variability climate sensitivity CO2 increase project layer |
spellingShingle |
surface air-temperature spatial variability climate sensitivity CO2 increase project layer Covey, C. Abe-Ouchi, A. Boer, G. J. Boville, B. A. Cubasch, U. Fairhead, L. Flato, G. M. Gordon, H. Guilyardi, E. Jiang, X. Johns, T. C. Le Treut, H. Madec, G. Meehl, G. A. Miller, R. Noda, A. Power, S. B. Roeckner, E. Russell, G. Schneider, E. K. Stouffer, J. R. Terray, L. von Storch, J.-S. The seasonal cycle in coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models |
topic_facet |
surface air-temperature spatial variability climate sensitivity CO2 increase project layer |
description |
We examine the seasonal cycle of near-surface air temperature simulated by 17 coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP). Nine of the models use ad hoc 'flux adjustment' at the ocean surface to bring model simulations close to observations of the present-day climate. We group flux-adjusted and non-flux-adjusted models separately and examine the behavior of each class. When averaged over all of the flux-adjusted model simulations, near-surface air temperature falls within 2 K of observed values over the oceans. The corresponding average over non-flux-adjusted models shows errors up to 6 K in extensive ocean areas. Flux adjustments are not directly applied over land, and near-surface land temperature errors are substantial in the average over flux-adjusted models, which systematically underestimates (by 5 K) temperature in areas of elevated terrain. The corresponding average over non-flux-adjusted models forms a similar error pattern (with somewhat increased amplitude) over land. We use the temperature difference between July and January to measure seasonal cycle amplitude. Zonal means of this quantity from the individual flux-adjusted models form a fairly tight cluster (all within 30% of the mean) centered on the observed values. The non-flux-adjusted models perform nearly as well at most latitudes. In Southern Ocean mid-latitudes, however, the non-flux-adjusted models overestimate the magnitude of January-minus-July temperature differences by 5 K due to an overestimate of summer (January) near-surface temperature. This error is common to five of the eight non-flux-adjusted models. Also, over Northern Hemisphere mid-latitude land areas, zonal mean differences between July and January temperatures simulated by the non-flux-adjusted models show a greater spread (positive and negative) about observed values than results from the flux-adjusted models. Elsewhere, differences between the two classes of models are less obvious. At no latitude is ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Covey, C. Abe-Ouchi, A. Boer, G. J. Boville, B. A. Cubasch, U. Fairhead, L. Flato, G. M. Gordon, H. Guilyardi, E. Jiang, X. Johns, T. C. Le Treut, H. Madec, G. Meehl, G. A. Miller, R. Noda, A. Power, S. B. Roeckner, E. Russell, G. Schneider, E. K. Stouffer, J. R. Terray, L. von Storch, J.-S. |
author_facet |
Covey, C. Abe-Ouchi, A. Boer, G. J. Boville, B. A. Cubasch, U. Fairhead, L. Flato, G. M. Gordon, H. Guilyardi, E. Jiang, X. Johns, T. C. Le Treut, H. Madec, G. Meehl, G. A. Miller, R. Noda, A. Power, S. B. Roeckner, E. Russell, G. Schneider, E. K. Stouffer, J. R. Terray, L. von Storch, J.-S. |
author_sort |
Covey, C. |
title |
The seasonal cycle in coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models |
title_short |
The seasonal cycle in coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models |
title_full |
The seasonal cycle in coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models |
title_fullStr |
The seasonal cycle in coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models |
title_full_unstemmed |
The seasonal cycle in coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models |
title_sort |
seasonal cycle in coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models |
publisher |
Springer |
publishDate |
2000 |
url |
https://research.usq.edu.au/item/q6wyq/the-seasonal-cycle-in-coupled-ocean-atmosphere-general-circulation-models https://doi.org/10.1007/s003820000081 |
geographic |
Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean |
genre |
Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s003820000081 Covey, C., Abe-Ouchi, A., Boer, G. J., Boville, B. A., Cubasch, U., Fairhead, L., Flato, G. M., Gordon, H., Guilyardi, E., Jiang, X., Johns, T. C., Le Treut, H., Madec, G., Meehl, G. A., Miller, R., Noda, A., Power, S. B., Roeckner, E., Russell, G., ., von Storch, J.-S. 2000. "The seasonal cycle in coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models." Climate Dynamics. 16 (10-11), pp. 775-787. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003820000081 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s003820000081 |
container_title |
Climate Dynamics |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
10-11 |
container_start_page |
775 |
op_container_end_page |
787 |
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1775356104366096384 |