Investigation of Bioactive Metabolites from the Antarctic Sponge Dendrilla membranosa and Marine Microorganisms
Natural products continue to be a valuable source of compounds in research involving chemical ecology and drug discovery. Secondary metabolites are biosynthesized to benefit the host organism in its environment (feeding deterrence from predators, antibiotic properties to avoid infection, etc.) but t...
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ftusouthflorida:oai:digitalcommons.usf.edu:etd-6803 2023-07-30T03:56:34+02:00 Investigation of Bioactive Metabolites from the Antarctic Sponge Dendrilla membranosa and Marine Microorganisms Witowski, Chris G. 2015-04-10T07:00:00Z application/pdf https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/etd/5602 https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/context/etd/article/6803/viewcontent/Witowski_usf_0206D_12871.pdf unknown Digital Commons @ University of South Florida https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/etd/5602 https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/context/etd/article/6803/viewcontent/Witowski_usf_0206D_12871.pdf default USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations Antarctica co-culture ecology fungus sponge Chemistry dissertation 2015 ftusouthflorida 2023-07-13T21:45:18Z Natural products continue to be a valuable source of compounds in research involving chemical ecology and drug discovery. Secondary metabolites are biosynthesized to benefit the host organism in its environment (feeding deterrence from predators, antibiotic properties to avoid infection, etc.) but these compounds also serve as useful scaffolds in drug discovery applications. The research herein describes both aspects of these two branches of natural products chemistry. The Antarctic sponge Dendrilla membranosa produces diterpenes, of which membranolide A, deters feeding of the predatory amphipod Gondogenia antarctica. A metabolomic study of several sponges was undertaken to determine environmental factors that govern the metabolism of D. membranosa. Habitat specificity, above or below the algal canopy, was a significant factor for the chemical clustering of sponges as well as the abundance of potential amphipod predators that are prevalent within the canopy. Another D. membranosa diterpene, aplysulphurin, undergoes degradation upon methanolic treatment to form the methoxy membranolides B-H. An investigation of these artifacts reveals potent activity against the leishmaniasis-causing parasite Leishmania donovani. Microorganisms also generate a significant number of bioactive natural products. Biotic and abiotic culture stressors such as co-culturing and epigenetic modification, respectively, will be explored to turn on cryptic biosynthetic pathways. These techniques are shown to produce unique secondary metabolites from cultures and further reinforce the one strain many compounds approach to the versatile and formidable microbial domain. Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica University of South Florida St. Petersburg: Digital USFSP Antarctic The Antarctic |
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University of South Florida St. Petersburg: Digital USFSP |
op_collection_id |
ftusouthflorida |
language |
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topic |
Antarctica co-culture ecology fungus sponge Chemistry |
spellingShingle |
Antarctica co-culture ecology fungus sponge Chemistry Witowski, Chris G. Investigation of Bioactive Metabolites from the Antarctic Sponge Dendrilla membranosa and Marine Microorganisms |
topic_facet |
Antarctica co-culture ecology fungus sponge Chemistry |
description |
Natural products continue to be a valuable source of compounds in research involving chemical ecology and drug discovery. Secondary metabolites are biosynthesized to benefit the host organism in its environment (feeding deterrence from predators, antibiotic properties to avoid infection, etc.) but these compounds also serve as useful scaffolds in drug discovery applications. The research herein describes both aspects of these two branches of natural products chemistry. The Antarctic sponge Dendrilla membranosa produces diterpenes, of which membranolide A, deters feeding of the predatory amphipod Gondogenia antarctica. A metabolomic study of several sponges was undertaken to determine environmental factors that govern the metabolism of D. membranosa. Habitat specificity, above or below the algal canopy, was a significant factor for the chemical clustering of sponges as well as the abundance of potential amphipod predators that are prevalent within the canopy. Another D. membranosa diterpene, aplysulphurin, undergoes degradation upon methanolic treatment to form the methoxy membranolides B-H. An investigation of these artifacts reveals potent activity against the leishmaniasis-causing parasite Leishmania donovani. Microorganisms also generate a significant number of bioactive natural products. Biotic and abiotic culture stressors such as co-culturing and epigenetic modification, respectively, will be explored to turn on cryptic biosynthetic pathways. These techniques are shown to produce unique secondary metabolites from cultures and further reinforce the one strain many compounds approach to the versatile and formidable microbial domain. |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Witowski, Chris G. |
author_facet |
Witowski, Chris G. |
author_sort |
Witowski, Chris G. |
title |
Investigation of Bioactive Metabolites from the Antarctic Sponge Dendrilla membranosa and Marine Microorganisms |
title_short |
Investigation of Bioactive Metabolites from the Antarctic Sponge Dendrilla membranosa and Marine Microorganisms |
title_full |
Investigation of Bioactive Metabolites from the Antarctic Sponge Dendrilla membranosa and Marine Microorganisms |
title_fullStr |
Investigation of Bioactive Metabolites from the Antarctic Sponge Dendrilla membranosa and Marine Microorganisms |
title_full_unstemmed |
Investigation of Bioactive Metabolites from the Antarctic Sponge Dendrilla membranosa and Marine Microorganisms |
title_sort |
investigation of bioactive metabolites from the antarctic sponge dendrilla membranosa and marine microorganisms |
publisher |
Digital Commons @ University of South Florida |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/etd/5602 https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/context/etd/article/6803/viewcontent/Witowski_usf_0206D_12871.pdf |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
op_source |
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations |
op_relation |
https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/etd/5602 https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/context/etd/article/6803/viewcontent/Witowski_usf_0206D_12871.pdf |
op_rights |
default |
_version_ |
1772813712181166080 |