Antifreeze Proteins in Pelagic Fishes from Marquerite Bay (Western Antarctica)
The Southern Ocean is home to two major types of fishes: endemics in the suborder Notothenioidii and representatives of oceanic fish families that are widely distributed in the midwater and benthic environments elsewhere (e.g. bathylagids, myctophids, liparids, and zoarcids) In most regions of the c...
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ftusouthflorida:oai:digitalcommons.usf.edu:etd-1196 2023-07-30T03:56:26+02:00 Antifreeze Proteins in Pelagic Fishes from Marquerite Bay (Western Antarctica) Cullins, Tammy L 2008-06-23T07:00:00Z application/pdf https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/etd/197 https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/context/etd/article/1196/viewcontent/SFE0002553.pdf unknown Digital Commons @ University of South Florida https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/etd/197 https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/context/etd/article/1196/viewcontent/SFE0002553.pdf default USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations Antifreeze peptides Pleuragramma antarcticum Nanoliter osmometer Midwater fish GLOBEC American Studies Arts and Humanities thesis 2008 ftusouthflorida 2023-07-13T21:32:53Z The Southern Ocean is home to two major types of fishes: endemics in the suborder Notothenioidii and representatives of oceanic fish families that are widely distributed in the midwater and benthic environments elsewhere (e.g. bathylagids, myctophids, liparids, and zoarcids) In most regions of the coastal Antarctic, e.g. the Ross Sea, there is a distinct separation in the pelagic communities at the shelf break between the oceanics (off-shelf) and the endemics (on-shelf). Coincidentally, in much of the coastal Antarctic, the shelf break also marks the boundary between a water column entirely composed of the very cold (-2°C ) Ice Shelf Water and an oceanic profile that includes warmer Circumpolar Deep Water (2°C at 200 m) at intermediate depths. The distinct separation in pelagic communities observed in most coastal regions of the Antarctic is not seen on the western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP), where circumpolar deep water intrudes to form a warmer midwater and oceanic species are strongly represented. It was hypothesized that the cold ice-shelf water, lethal to fishes without antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGP's) in their blood, was excluding the oceanic species from most of the Antarctic continental shelf waters. To test the hypothesis, nine species of fish captured in WAP shelf waters were tested for the presence of AFGP's. The oceanic fish families analyzed: Myctophidae (Electrona and Gymnoscopelus), Zoarcidae (Melanostigma), Gempylidae (Paradiplospinus), Paralepididae (Notolepsis), and Bathylagidae (Bathylagus) showed no antifreeze activity. Two endemic species captured in the same sampling program did show antifreeze activity: the important pelagic species Pleuragramma antarcticum (Nototheniidae) and the Bathydraconid (Vomeridens). The absence of AFGP's in the blood of Antarctic oceanic species makes a strong case for temperature exclusion of oceanic fishes in the coastal Antarctic. Thesis Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Ice Shelf Ross Sea Southern Ocean University of South Florida St. Petersburg: Digital USFSP Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Ross Sea Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of South Florida St. Petersburg: Digital USFSP |
op_collection_id |
ftusouthflorida |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Antifreeze peptides Pleuragramma antarcticum Nanoliter osmometer Midwater fish GLOBEC American Studies Arts and Humanities |
spellingShingle |
Antifreeze peptides Pleuragramma antarcticum Nanoliter osmometer Midwater fish GLOBEC American Studies Arts and Humanities Cullins, Tammy L Antifreeze Proteins in Pelagic Fishes from Marquerite Bay (Western Antarctica) |
topic_facet |
Antifreeze peptides Pleuragramma antarcticum Nanoliter osmometer Midwater fish GLOBEC American Studies Arts and Humanities |
description |
The Southern Ocean is home to two major types of fishes: endemics in the suborder Notothenioidii and representatives of oceanic fish families that are widely distributed in the midwater and benthic environments elsewhere (e.g. bathylagids, myctophids, liparids, and zoarcids) In most regions of the coastal Antarctic, e.g. the Ross Sea, there is a distinct separation in the pelagic communities at the shelf break between the oceanics (off-shelf) and the endemics (on-shelf). Coincidentally, in much of the coastal Antarctic, the shelf break also marks the boundary between a water column entirely composed of the very cold (-2°C ) Ice Shelf Water and an oceanic profile that includes warmer Circumpolar Deep Water (2°C at 200 m) at intermediate depths. The distinct separation in pelagic communities observed in most coastal regions of the Antarctic is not seen on the western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP), where circumpolar deep water intrudes to form a warmer midwater and oceanic species are strongly represented. It was hypothesized that the cold ice-shelf water, lethal to fishes without antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGP's) in their blood, was excluding the oceanic species from most of the Antarctic continental shelf waters. To test the hypothesis, nine species of fish captured in WAP shelf waters were tested for the presence of AFGP's. The oceanic fish families analyzed: Myctophidae (Electrona and Gymnoscopelus), Zoarcidae (Melanostigma), Gempylidae (Paradiplospinus), Paralepididae (Notolepsis), and Bathylagidae (Bathylagus) showed no antifreeze activity. Two endemic species captured in the same sampling program did show antifreeze activity: the important pelagic species Pleuragramma antarcticum (Nototheniidae) and the Bathydraconid (Vomeridens). The absence of AFGP's in the blood of Antarctic oceanic species makes a strong case for temperature exclusion of oceanic fishes in the coastal Antarctic. |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Cullins, Tammy L |
author_facet |
Cullins, Tammy L |
author_sort |
Cullins, Tammy L |
title |
Antifreeze Proteins in Pelagic Fishes from Marquerite Bay (Western Antarctica) |
title_short |
Antifreeze Proteins in Pelagic Fishes from Marquerite Bay (Western Antarctica) |
title_full |
Antifreeze Proteins in Pelagic Fishes from Marquerite Bay (Western Antarctica) |
title_fullStr |
Antifreeze Proteins in Pelagic Fishes from Marquerite Bay (Western Antarctica) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Antifreeze Proteins in Pelagic Fishes from Marquerite Bay (Western Antarctica) |
title_sort |
antifreeze proteins in pelagic fishes from marquerite bay (western antarctica) |
publisher |
Digital Commons @ University of South Florida |
publishDate |
2008 |
url |
https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/etd/197 https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/context/etd/article/1196/viewcontent/SFE0002553.pdf |
geographic |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Ross Sea Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Ross Sea Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Ice Shelf Ross Sea Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Ice Shelf Ross Sea Southern Ocean |
op_source |
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations |
op_relation |
https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/etd/197 https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/context/etd/article/1196/viewcontent/SFE0002553.pdf |
op_rights |
default |
_version_ |
1772813198814085120 |