Nominations of the Speech Process of Finnic Origin in the Russian Dialects of Karelia (Structural Aspect)

• Published in: Izvestia of the Ural federal university. Series 2. Humanities and Arts
• Main Author: Kyurshunova, Irina Alekseevna
• Other Authors: “Fundamental and Applied Aspects of the Study of the Finnic Languages of Karelia and Adjacent Regions” 121070700122-5., в рамках выполнения государственного задания КарНЦ «Фундаментальные и прикладные аспекты исследования прибалтийско-финских языков Карелии и сопредельных областей» 121070700122-5.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: Russian
• Published: Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина 2023
• Subjects: Finnic languages; Russian dialects; Karelia; loanword; adaptation; variability; -андать/-айдать formants; grammatical system; language contacts; прибалтийско-финские языки; русские говоры; Карелия; заимствование; адаптация; вариантность; форманты -айдать/-андать; грамматическая система; языковые контакты; karelian; karelians; vepsian
• Online Access: https://journals.urfu.ru/index.php/Izvestia2/article/view/6942; https://doi.org/10.15826/izv2.2023.25.2.030

This article analyses dialect lexemes recorded in the Russian dialects of Karelia, which genetically go back to the Finnic lexical fund and represent a fragment of the semantic field “A speaking person”. The purpose of the article is to describe the features of the adaptation of loanwords and the peculiarities of their functioning in Russian dialects at the formal-grammatical level. Such an analysis of a genetically and semantically related group of words borrowed into dialects has never been carried out previously. The author focuses on verbal nominations denoting the speaking process and derivatives from them referring to Russian dialect and etymological dictionaries and dialectological and etymological research as a source base. For comparison, the author uses data from dictionaries of the Karelian, Vepsian, and Finnish languages. The analysis of words reveals a high variability of the material due to the adaptation of genetically different morphemes. As a foreign word entered the system of the receiving language, the root morpheme carried the main load, and to adapt it, the language used a Slavic word-formation element. The correlation of the derived nominations demonstrates that there are certain lacunae in the fixation of materials due to the peculiarities of data collection. In some cases, missing lexemes can be reconstructed according to well-known grammatical and most popular and active word-formation models in the Russian language. Also, the author puts forward a hypothesis about the time of possible occurrence of such words in the system of dialects. Russian studies of the features of formal and grammatical adaptation of the nominations of the speech process prove that loanwords first became a fact of the lexical system of the Russian language in the border territories of interaction between Russians and Veps and Karelians, and then they were introduced into the speech of Russian-speaking residents of Karelia in a wider space. The latter is confirmed by the geography of the existence of the studied ...