Tree-Rings Reveal Two Strong Solar Proton Events in 7176 and 5259 BCE
The Sun sporadically produces eruptive events leading to intense fluxes of solar energetic particles (SEPs) that dramatically disrupt the near-Earth radiation environment. Such events have been directly studied for the last decades but little is known about the occurrence and magnitude of rare, extr...
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Online Access: | http://elar.urfu.ru/handle/10995/112237 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28804-9 |
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fturalfuniv:oai:elar.urfu.ru:10995/112237 2024-05-19T07:28:00+00:00 Tree-Rings Reveal Two Strong Solar Proton Events in 7176 and 5259 BCE Brehm, N. Christl, M. Knowles, T. D. J. Casanova, E. Evershed, R. P. Adolphi, F. Muscheler, R. Synal, H. -A. Mekhaldi, F. Paleari, C. I. Leuschner, H. -H. Bayliss, A. Nicolussi, K. Pichler, T. Schlüchter, C. Pearson, C. L. Salzer, M. W. Fonti, P. Nievergelt, D. Hantemirov, R. Brown, D. M. Usoskin, I. Wacker, L. 2022 application/pdf http://elar.urfu.ru/handle/10995/112237 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28804-9 en eng Nature Research Springer Science and Business Media LLC info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/RSF//21-14-00330 Tree-Rings Reveal Two Strong Solar Proton Events in 7176 and 5259 BCE / N. Brehm, M. Christl, T. D. J. Knowles et al. // Nature Communications. — 2022. — Vol. 13. — Iss. 1. — 1196. 2041-1723 All Open Access, Gold, Green http://elar.urfu.ru/handle/10995/112237 doi:10.1038/s41467-022-28804-9 85125976476 000765815800009 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Nat. Commun. Nature Communications CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION) RADIOCARBON DATING RADIONUCLIDE SOLAR RADIATION TREE RING GERMANY IRELAND RUSSIAN FEDERATION SWITZERLAND UNITED STATES Article info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2022 fturalfuniv https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28804-9 2024-04-24T00:10:37Z The Sun sporadically produces eruptive events leading to intense fluxes of solar energetic particles (SEPs) that dramatically disrupt the near-Earth radiation environment. Such events have been directly studied for the last decades but little is known about the occurrence and magnitude of rare, extreme SEP events. Presently, a few events that produced measurable signals in cosmogenic radionuclides such as 14C, 10Be and 36Cl have been found. Analyzing annual 14C concentrations in tree-rings from Switzerland, Germany, Ireland, Russia, and the USA we discovered two spikes in atmospheric 14C occurring in 7176 and 5259 BCE. The ~2% increases of atmospheric 14C recorded for both events exceed all previously known 14C peaks but after correction for the geomagnetic field, they are comparable to the largest event of this type discovered so far at 775 CE. These strong events serve as accurate time markers for the synchronization with floating tree-ring and ice core records and provide critical information on the previous occurrence of extreme solar events which may threaten modern infrastructure. © 2022, The Author(s). The Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics is partially funded by its consortium partners PSI, EAWAG, and EMPA. N.B. is funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF grant #SNF 197137). The establishment of the BRAMS Facility was jointly funded by the NERC, BBSRC and the University of Bristol and the measurements in this work were partly funded by an ERC Proof of Concept grant awarded to R.P.E. and financing E.C. postdoctoral contract (LipDat H2020 ERC-2018-PoC/812917). We thank Bisserka Gaydarska for sub-sampling the inter-laboratory replicates from M49, M234, Q2729 and Q2750, Cathy Tyers for reviewing the dating of the Irish and German samples, and Alexander Land for assistance in dating sample M49. P.F. received funding from the SNF Sinergia project CALDERA (no. 183571). R.H. is funded by Russian Science Foundation (grant № 21-14-00330). I.U. acknowledges the support from the Academy of Finland (grant ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Alexander Land ice core Ural Federal University (URFU): ELAR Nature Communications 13 1 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Ural Federal University (URFU): ELAR |
op_collection_id |
fturalfuniv |
language |
English |
topic |
CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION) RADIOCARBON DATING RADIONUCLIDE SOLAR RADIATION TREE RING GERMANY IRELAND RUSSIAN FEDERATION SWITZERLAND UNITED STATES |
spellingShingle |
CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION) RADIOCARBON DATING RADIONUCLIDE SOLAR RADIATION TREE RING GERMANY IRELAND RUSSIAN FEDERATION SWITZERLAND UNITED STATES Brehm, N. Christl, M. Knowles, T. D. J. Casanova, E. Evershed, R. P. Adolphi, F. Muscheler, R. Synal, H. -A. Mekhaldi, F. Paleari, C. I. Leuschner, H. -H. Bayliss, A. Nicolussi, K. Pichler, T. Schlüchter, C. Pearson, C. L. Salzer, M. W. Fonti, P. Nievergelt, D. Hantemirov, R. Brown, D. M. Usoskin, I. Wacker, L. Tree-Rings Reveal Two Strong Solar Proton Events in 7176 and 5259 BCE |
topic_facet |
CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION) RADIOCARBON DATING RADIONUCLIDE SOLAR RADIATION TREE RING GERMANY IRELAND RUSSIAN FEDERATION SWITZERLAND UNITED STATES |
description |
The Sun sporadically produces eruptive events leading to intense fluxes of solar energetic particles (SEPs) that dramatically disrupt the near-Earth radiation environment. Such events have been directly studied for the last decades but little is known about the occurrence and magnitude of rare, extreme SEP events. Presently, a few events that produced measurable signals in cosmogenic radionuclides such as 14C, 10Be and 36Cl have been found. Analyzing annual 14C concentrations in tree-rings from Switzerland, Germany, Ireland, Russia, and the USA we discovered two spikes in atmospheric 14C occurring in 7176 and 5259 BCE. The ~2% increases of atmospheric 14C recorded for both events exceed all previously known 14C peaks but after correction for the geomagnetic field, they are comparable to the largest event of this type discovered so far at 775 CE. These strong events serve as accurate time markers for the synchronization with floating tree-ring and ice core records and provide critical information on the previous occurrence of extreme solar events which may threaten modern infrastructure. © 2022, The Author(s). The Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics is partially funded by its consortium partners PSI, EAWAG, and EMPA. N.B. is funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF grant #SNF 197137). The establishment of the BRAMS Facility was jointly funded by the NERC, BBSRC and the University of Bristol and the measurements in this work were partly funded by an ERC Proof of Concept grant awarded to R.P.E. and financing E.C. postdoctoral contract (LipDat H2020 ERC-2018-PoC/812917). We thank Bisserka Gaydarska for sub-sampling the inter-laboratory replicates from M49, M234, Q2729 and Q2750, Cathy Tyers for reviewing the dating of the Irish and German samples, and Alexander Land for assistance in dating sample M49. P.F. received funding from the SNF Sinergia project CALDERA (no. 183571). R.H. is funded by Russian Science Foundation (grant № 21-14-00330). I.U. acknowledges the support from the Academy of Finland (grant ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Brehm, N. Christl, M. Knowles, T. D. J. Casanova, E. Evershed, R. P. Adolphi, F. Muscheler, R. Synal, H. -A. Mekhaldi, F. Paleari, C. I. Leuschner, H. -H. Bayliss, A. Nicolussi, K. Pichler, T. Schlüchter, C. Pearson, C. L. Salzer, M. W. Fonti, P. Nievergelt, D. Hantemirov, R. Brown, D. M. Usoskin, I. Wacker, L. |
author_facet |
Brehm, N. Christl, M. Knowles, T. D. J. Casanova, E. Evershed, R. P. Adolphi, F. Muscheler, R. Synal, H. -A. Mekhaldi, F. Paleari, C. I. Leuschner, H. -H. Bayliss, A. Nicolussi, K. Pichler, T. Schlüchter, C. Pearson, C. L. Salzer, M. W. Fonti, P. Nievergelt, D. Hantemirov, R. Brown, D. M. Usoskin, I. Wacker, L. |
author_sort |
Brehm, N. |
title |
Tree-Rings Reveal Two Strong Solar Proton Events in 7176 and 5259 BCE |
title_short |
Tree-Rings Reveal Two Strong Solar Proton Events in 7176 and 5259 BCE |
title_full |
Tree-Rings Reveal Two Strong Solar Proton Events in 7176 and 5259 BCE |
title_fullStr |
Tree-Rings Reveal Two Strong Solar Proton Events in 7176 and 5259 BCE |
title_full_unstemmed |
Tree-Rings Reveal Two Strong Solar Proton Events in 7176 and 5259 BCE |
title_sort |
tree-rings reveal two strong solar proton events in 7176 and 5259 bce |
publisher |
Nature Research |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://elar.urfu.ru/handle/10995/112237 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28804-9 |
genre |
Alexander Land ice core |
genre_facet |
Alexander Land ice core |
op_source |
Nat. Commun. Nature Communications |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/RSF//21-14-00330 Tree-Rings Reveal Two Strong Solar Proton Events in 7176 and 5259 BCE / N. Brehm, M. Christl, T. D. J. Knowles et al. // Nature Communications. — 2022. — Vol. 13. — Iss. 1. — 1196. 2041-1723 All Open Access, Gold, Green http://elar.urfu.ru/handle/10995/112237 doi:10.1038/s41467-022-28804-9 85125976476 000765815800009 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28804-9 |
container_title |
Nature Communications |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1799470412654968832 |