Light Scattering from Volcanic-Sand Particles in Deposited and Aerosol Form

• Published in: Atmospheric Environment
• Main Authors: Zubko, N., Muñoz, O., Zubko, E., Gritsevich, M., Escobar-Cerezo, J., Berg, M. J., Peltoniemi, J.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 2019
• Subjects: AEROSOLS; DISCRETE DIPOLE APPROXIMATION; LIGHT SCATTERING; PARTICULATE SURFACE; PHOTOMETRY; POLARIMETRY; RADIOMETRY; REFRACTIVE INDEX; REMOTE SENSING; SOOT; VOLCANIC SAND; COSMOLOGY; DUST; LIGHT ABSORPTION; PARTICLE SIZE ANALYSIS; POLARIMETERS; SOLAR ENERGY; STORMS; VOLCANOES; ATMOSPHERIC CONTAMINANTS; COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS; DEGREE OF LINEAR POLARIZATION; EXPERIMENTAL APPARATUS; REMOTE SENSING APPLICATIONS; RESEARCH INSTITUTES; SAND; CARBON; ABSORPTION; AEROSOL; DISCRETE ELEMENT METHOD; DUST STORM; PARTICULATE MATTER; PHOTOMETER; POLARIZATION; RADIOMETRIC METHOD; VOLCANIC ISLAND; Iceland
• Online Access: http://elar.urfu.ru/handle/10995/111707; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.06.051

The light-scattering properties of volcanic sand collected in Iceland are studied here to characterize the sand particles and develop a reference for future remote-sensing observations. While such sand is common in Iceland, the smaller-size fraction can be readily transported by winds and found in the atmosphere at distant locations. The sand appears dark when deposited on a surface due to the high optical absorption of the material. Therefore, atmospheric regions containing such particles during a dust storm may absorb sunlight considerably, causing redistribution of solar energy. Here, we measure the angular scattered-light intensity and degree of linear polarization from the sand. This is done with two experimental apparatuses, the Cosmic Dust Laboratory (CoDuLab) at the Institute de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA) and the goniospectropolarimeter (FIGIFIGO) at the Finnish Geospatial Research Institute (FGI). Two scattering-scenarios of practical interest for remote-sensing applications are considered: (1) single sand-particles suspended in aerosol as an optically thin cloud, and (2) the same particles deposited on a substrate. We also model the measurements with the discrete dipole approximation to estimate the complex-valued refractive index m, where we find that m ≈ 1.6 + 0.01i at λ = 647 nm. Lastly, we present a comparative analysis of the polarimetric response of the sand particles with that reported in the literature for carbon-soot, another highly absorbing atmospheric contaminant. © 2019. This research was partially supported by the Academy of Finland Project no. 260027 and the COST Action MP1104 “Polarization as a tool to study the Solar System and beyond”. NZ acknowledges Magnus Ehrnrooth Foundation for the research travel support. This work also has been partially supported by contracts AYA2015-67152-R and RTI2018-095330-B-I00 . We thank P. Dagsson Waldhauserová, O. Arnalds, A. Virkkula, O. Meinander, and J. Svensson for their help obtaining the samples and for relevant discussions. We acknowledge ...