In situ estimation of ice crystal properties at the South Pole using LED calibration data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory instruments about 1 km 3 of deep, glacial ice at the geographic South Pole. It uses 5160 photomultipliers to detect Cherenkov light emitted by charged relativistic particles. An unexpected light propagation effect observed by the experiment is an anisotropic attenuat...
Published in: | The Cryosphere |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Uppsala universitet, Högenergifysik
2024
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-526390 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-75-2024 |
id |
ftuppsalauniv:oai:DiVA.org:uu-526390 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftuppsalauniv:oai:DiVA.org:uu-526390 2024-05-12T08:11:10+00:00 In situ estimation of ice crystal properties at the South Pole using LED calibration data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory Abbasi, Rasha Beise, Jakob Botner, Olga Glaser, Christian Hallgren, Allan O'Sullivan, Erin Pérez de los Heros, Carlos Sharma, Ankur Valtonen-Mattila, Nora Zhelnin, Pavel 2024 application/pdf http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-526390 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-75-2024 eng eng Uppsala universitet, Högenergifysik Loyola Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60660 USA Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA;Harvard Univ, Lab Particle Phys & Cosmol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA The Cryosphere, 1994-0416, 2024, 18:1, s. 75-102 orcid:0000-0002-7448-4189 orcid:0000-0001-8588-7306 orcid:0000-0001-5998-2553 orcid:0000-0001-7751-4489 orcid:0000-0003-1882-8802 orcid:0000-0002-2084-5866 orcid:0000-0001-5397-6777 orcid:0000-0002-1830-098X http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-526390 doi:10.5194/tc-18-75-2024 ISI:001184980800001 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Physical Sciences Fysik Article in journal info:eu-repo/semantics/article text 2024 ftuppsalauniv https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-75-2024 2024-04-17T14:07:23Z The IceCube Neutrino Observatory instruments about 1 km 3 of deep, glacial ice at the geographic South Pole. It uses 5160 photomultipliers to detect Cherenkov light emitted by charged relativistic particles. An unexpected light propagation effect observed by the experiment is an anisotropic attenuation, which is aligned with the local flow direction of the ice. We examine birefringent light propagation through the polycrystalline ice microstructure as a possible explanation for this effect. The predictions of a first-principles model developed for this purpose, in particular curved light trajectories resulting from asymmetric diffusion, provide a qualitatively good match to the main features of the data. This in turn allows us to deduce ice crystal properties. Since the wavelength of the detected light is short compared to the crystal size, these crystal properties include not only the crystal orientation fabric, but also the average crystal size and shape, as a function of depth. By adding small empirical corrections to this first-principles model, a quantitatively accurate description of the optical properties of the IceCube glacial ice is obtained. In this paper, we present the experimental signature of ice optical anisotropy observed in IceCube light-emitting diode (LED) calibration data, the theory and parameterization of the birefringence effect, the fitting procedures of these parameterizations to experimental data, and the inferred crystal properties. For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-75-2024 Article in Journal/Newspaper South pole The Cryosphere Uppsala University: Publications (DiVA) South Pole The Cryosphere 18 1 75 102 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Uppsala University: Publications (DiVA) |
op_collection_id |
ftuppsalauniv |
language |
English |
topic |
Physical Sciences Fysik |
spellingShingle |
Physical Sciences Fysik Abbasi, Rasha Beise, Jakob Botner, Olga Glaser, Christian Hallgren, Allan O'Sullivan, Erin Pérez de los Heros, Carlos Sharma, Ankur Valtonen-Mattila, Nora Zhelnin, Pavel In situ estimation of ice crystal properties at the South Pole using LED calibration data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory |
topic_facet |
Physical Sciences Fysik |
description |
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory instruments about 1 km 3 of deep, glacial ice at the geographic South Pole. It uses 5160 photomultipliers to detect Cherenkov light emitted by charged relativistic particles. An unexpected light propagation effect observed by the experiment is an anisotropic attenuation, which is aligned with the local flow direction of the ice. We examine birefringent light propagation through the polycrystalline ice microstructure as a possible explanation for this effect. The predictions of a first-principles model developed for this purpose, in particular curved light trajectories resulting from asymmetric diffusion, provide a qualitatively good match to the main features of the data. This in turn allows us to deduce ice crystal properties. Since the wavelength of the detected light is short compared to the crystal size, these crystal properties include not only the crystal orientation fabric, but also the average crystal size and shape, as a function of depth. By adding small empirical corrections to this first-principles model, a quantitatively accurate description of the optical properties of the IceCube glacial ice is obtained. In this paper, we present the experimental signature of ice optical anisotropy observed in IceCube light-emitting diode (LED) calibration data, the theory and parameterization of the birefringence effect, the fitting procedures of these parameterizations to experimental data, and the inferred crystal properties. For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-75-2024 |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Abbasi, Rasha Beise, Jakob Botner, Olga Glaser, Christian Hallgren, Allan O'Sullivan, Erin Pérez de los Heros, Carlos Sharma, Ankur Valtonen-Mattila, Nora Zhelnin, Pavel |
author_facet |
Abbasi, Rasha Beise, Jakob Botner, Olga Glaser, Christian Hallgren, Allan O'Sullivan, Erin Pérez de los Heros, Carlos Sharma, Ankur Valtonen-Mattila, Nora Zhelnin, Pavel |
author_sort |
Abbasi, Rasha |
title |
In situ estimation of ice crystal properties at the South Pole using LED calibration data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory |
title_short |
In situ estimation of ice crystal properties at the South Pole using LED calibration data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory |
title_full |
In situ estimation of ice crystal properties at the South Pole using LED calibration data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory |
title_fullStr |
In situ estimation of ice crystal properties at the South Pole using LED calibration data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory |
title_full_unstemmed |
In situ estimation of ice crystal properties at the South Pole using LED calibration data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory |
title_sort |
in situ estimation of ice crystal properties at the south pole using led calibration data from the icecube neutrino observatory |
publisher |
Uppsala universitet, Högenergifysik |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-526390 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-75-2024 |
geographic |
South Pole |
geographic_facet |
South Pole |
genre |
South pole The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
South pole The Cryosphere |
op_relation |
The Cryosphere, 1994-0416, 2024, 18:1, s. 75-102 orcid:0000-0002-7448-4189 orcid:0000-0001-8588-7306 orcid:0000-0001-5998-2553 orcid:0000-0001-7751-4489 orcid:0000-0003-1882-8802 orcid:0000-0002-2084-5866 orcid:0000-0001-5397-6777 orcid:0000-0002-1830-098X http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-526390 doi:10.5194/tc-18-75-2024 ISI:001184980800001 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-75-2024 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
18 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
75 |
op_container_end_page |
102 |
_version_ |
1798854788427808768 |