Impacts of Variations in Caspian Sea Surface Area on Catchment-Scale and Large-Scale Climate
The Caspian Sea (CS) is the largest inland lake in the world. Large variations in sea level and surface area occurred in the past and are projected for the future. The potential impacts on regional and large-scale hydroclimate are not well understood. Here, we examine the impact of CS area on climat...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
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Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten- och landskapslära
2021
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Online Access: | http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-457650 https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD034251 |
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ftuppsalauniv:oai:DiVA.org:uu-457650 2024-02-11T10:08:33+01:00 Impacts of Variations in Caspian Sea Surface Area on Catchment-Scale and Large-Scale Climate Koriche, Sifan A. Nandini-Weiss, Sri D. Prange, Matthias Singarayer, Joy S. Arpe, Klaus Cloke, Hannah L. Schulz, Michael Bakker, Pepijn Leroy, Suzanne A. G. Coe, Michael 2021 application/pdf http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-457650 https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD034251 eng eng Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten- och landskapslära Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading, Berks, England.;Jimma Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, JiT, Jimma, Oromiyaa, Ethiopia.;Baylor Univ, Dept Geosci, Waco, TX 76798 USA.;Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Bremen, MARUM Ctr Marine Environm Sci, Bremen, Germany.;Univ Hamburg, Inst Oceanog, Ctr Earth Syst Res & Sustainabil CEN, Hamburg, Sweden. Univ Bremen, MARUM Ctr Marine Environm Sci, Bremen, Germany. Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading, Berks, England. Max Planck Inst Meteorol, Hamburg, Germany. Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading, Berks, England.;Univ Reading, Dept Geog & Environm Sci, Reading, Berks, England.;CNDS, Ctr Nat Hazards & Disaster Sci, Uppsala, Sweden. Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Earth Sci, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Aix En Provence, France.;Univ Liverpool, Sch Environm Sci, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. Woodwell Climate Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA USA. AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmospheres, 2169-897X, 2021, 126:18, orcid:0000-0003-1285-2035 orcid:0000-0002-1472-868x http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-457650 doi:10.1029/2020JD034251 ISI:000702399300017 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Caspian Sea CESM1 2 2 model evaporation precipitation subtropical jet Climate Research Klimatforskning Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning Article in journal info:eu-repo/semantics/article text 2021 ftuppsalauniv https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD034251 2024-01-17T23:31:58Z The Caspian Sea (CS) is the largest inland lake in the world. Large variations in sea level and surface area occurred in the past and are projected for the future. The potential impacts on regional and large-scale hydroclimate are not well understood. Here, we examine the impact of CS area on climate within its catchment and across the northern hemisphere, for the first time with a fully coupled climate model. The Community Earth System Model (CESM1.2.2) is used to simulate the climate of four scenarios: (a) larger than present CS area, (b) current area, (c) smaller than present area, and (d) no-CS scenario. The results reveal large changes in the regional atmospheric water budget. Evaporation (e) over the sea increases with increasing area, while precipitation (P) increases over the south-west CS with increasing area. P-E over the CS catchment decreases as CS surface area increases, indicating a dominant negative lake-evaporation feedback. A larger CS reduces summer surface air temperatures and increases winter temperatures. The impacts extend eastwards, where summer precipitation is enhanced over central Asia and the north-western Pacific experiences warming with reduced winter sea ice. Our results also indicate weakening of the 500-hPa troughs over the northern Pacific with larger CS area. We find a thermal response triggers a southward shift of the upper troposphere jet stream during summer. Our findings establish that changing CS area results in climate impacts of such scope that CS area variations should be incorporated into climate model simulations, including palaeo and future scenarios. Article in Journal/Newspaper Sea ice Uppsala University: Publications (DiVA) Pacific Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 126 18 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Uppsala University: Publications (DiVA) |
op_collection_id |
ftuppsalauniv |
language |
English |
topic |
Caspian Sea CESM1 2 2 model evaporation precipitation subtropical jet Climate Research Klimatforskning Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning |
spellingShingle |
Caspian Sea CESM1 2 2 model evaporation precipitation subtropical jet Climate Research Klimatforskning Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning Koriche, Sifan A. Nandini-Weiss, Sri D. Prange, Matthias Singarayer, Joy S. Arpe, Klaus Cloke, Hannah L. Schulz, Michael Bakker, Pepijn Leroy, Suzanne A. G. Coe, Michael Impacts of Variations in Caspian Sea Surface Area on Catchment-Scale and Large-Scale Climate |
topic_facet |
Caspian Sea CESM1 2 2 model evaporation precipitation subtropical jet Climate Research Klimatforskning Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning |
description |
The Caspian Sea (CS) is the largest inland lake in the world. Large variations in sea level and surface area occurred in the past and are projected for the future. The potential impacts on regional and large-scale hydroclimate are not well understood. Here, we examine the impact of CS area on climate within its catchment and across the northern hemisphere, for the first time with a fully coupled climate model. The Community Earth System Model (CESM1.2.2) is used to simulate the climate of four scenarios: (a) larger than present CS area, (b) current area, (c) smaller than present area, and (d) no-CS scenario. The results reveal large changes in the regional atmospheric water budget. Evaporation (e) over the sea increases with increasing area, while precipitation (P) increases over the south-west CS with increasing area. P-E over the CS catchment decreases as CS surface area increases, indicating a dominant negative lake-evaporation feedback. A larger CS reduces summer surface air temperatures and increases winter temperatures. The impacts extend eastwards, where summer precipitation is enhanced over central Asia and the north-western Pacific experiences warming with reduced winter sea ice. Our results also indicate weakening of the 500-hPa troughs over the northern Pacific with larger CS area. We find a thermal response triggers a southward shift of the upper troposphere jet stream during summer. Our findings establish that changing CS area results in climate impacts of such scope that CS area variations should be incorporated into climate model simulations, including palaeo and future scenarios. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Koriche, Sifan A. Nandini-Weiss, Sri D. Prange, Matthias Singarayer, Joy S. Arpe, Klaus Cloke, Hannah L. Schulz, Michael Bakker, Pepijn Leroy, Suzanne A. G. Coe, Michael |
author_facet |
Koriche, Sifan A. Nandini-Weiss, Sri D. Prange, Matthias Singarayer, Joy S. Arpe, Klaus Cloke, Hannah L. Schulz, Michael Bakker, Pepijn Leroy, Suzanne A. G. Coe, Michael |
author_sort |
Koriche, Sifan A. |
title |
Impacts of Variations in Caspian Sea Surface Area on Catchment-Scale and Large-Scale Climate |
title_short |
Impacts of Variations in Caspian Sea Surface Area on Catchment-Scale and Large-Scale Climate |
title_full |
Impacts of Variations in Caspian Sea Surface Area on Catchment-Scale and Large-Scale Climate |
title_fullStr |
Impacts of Variations in Caspian Sea Surface Area on Catchment-Scale and Large-Scale Climate |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impacts of Variations in Caspian Sea Surface Area on Catchment-Scale and Large-Scale Climate |
title_sort |
impacts of variations in caspian sea surface area on catchment-scale and large-scale climate |
publisher |
Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten- och landskapslära |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-457650 https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD034251 |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Sea ice |
op_relation |
Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmospheres, 2169-897X, 2021, 126:18, orcid:0000-0003-1285-2035 orcid:0000-0002-1472-868x http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-457650 doi:10.1029/2020JD034251 ISI:000702399300017 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD034251 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
container_volume |
126 |
container_issue |
18 |
_version_ |
1790607938729017344 |