Light, temperature and competition : understanding the causes for climate-driven regime shifts in arctic marine benthos
In the Arctic, shallow sea-floor communities have been documented to shift abruptly from an invertebrate-dominated state to a state with high macroalgal abundance. Climate warming, resulting in increased water temperatures and decreased sea ice cover, could trigger such regime shifts in benthic ecos...
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Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten- och landskapslära
2015
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ftuppsalauniv:oai:DiVA.org:uu-266405 2023-05-15T14:50:12+02:00 Light, temperature and competition : understanding the causes for climate-driven regime shifts in arctic marine benthos Ljus, temperatur och konkurrens : att förstå orsakerna till klimatdrivna regimskiften i arktiska havsbottenekosystem Scherrer, Kim 2015 application/pdf http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-266405 eng eng Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten- och landskapslära The University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS) UPTEC W, 1401-5765 15048 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-266405 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess macroalgae light invertebrate coralline algae Arctic benthic regime shift climate change marin ekologi tång kalkalg Arktis regimskifte klimatförändring ljus Ecology Ekologi Climate Research Klimatforskning Other Environmental Biotechnology Annan miljöbioteknik Student thesis info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis text 2015 ftuppsalauniv 2023-02-23T21:52:08Z In the Arctic, shallow sea-floor communities have been documented to shift abruptly from an invertebrate-dominated state to a state with high macroalgal abundance. Climate warming, resulting in increased water temperatures and decreased sea ice cover, could trigger such regime shifts in benthic ecosystems, but the underlying mechanisms are not clear. To gain a better understanding, a mechanistic model of algal growth and interspecific competition was applied in two marine ecosystems in northwestern Svalbard. Unravelling the effects of light and temperature on the model parameters, the current study showed that light is a key factor determining the algal dominance in the two ecosystems. Changes in sea-ice cover, which alters the underwater light regime, is therefore considered the most likely trigger for invertebratealgae regime shifts. A continued prolonging of the ice-free season in the Arctic is likely to occur in the upcoming years, considering the current climatic development. Thus, it is expected that macroalgal cover in shallow rocky-bottom communities will continue to increase, altering species composition and function in seasonally ice-covered arctic ecosystems. I ekosystem på grunda havsbottnar i Arktis har snabba, kraftiga förändringar i artsammansättning och ekosystemstruktur dokumenterats. Organismsamhällen som tidigare främst utgjorts av ryggradslösa organismer och hårda kalkalger har plötsligt blivit dominerade av olika tångarter. Den globala uppvärmningen medför högre ytvattentemperatur och minskat havsistäcke i Arktis, vilket i sin tur innebär förbättrade ljusförhållanden. Dessa förändringar tros kunna utlösa regimskiften där de ekosystemen övergår från ett stadium dominerat av ryggradslösa djur, till ett stadium dominerat av tång. Mekanismerna bakom sådana regimskiften är emellertid inte kartlagda. Denna studie syftade därför till en bättre förståelse för regimskiften i Arktiska havsbottenekosystem. En mekanistisk modell för algtillväxt och konkurrens tillämpades på två marina ... Bachelor Thesis Arctic Arktis Arktis* Climate change Sea ice Svalbard Uppsala University: Publications (DiVA) Arctic Svalbard |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Uppsala University: Publications (DiVA) |
op_collection_id |
ftuppsalauniv |
language |
English |
topic |
macroalgae light invertebrate coralline algae Arctic benthic regime shift climate change marin ekologi tång kalkalg Arktis regimskifte klimatförändring ljus Ecology Ekologi Climate Research Klimatforskning Other Environmental Biotechnology Annan miljöbioteknik |
spellingShingle |
macroalgae light invertebrate coralline algae Arctic benthic regime shift climate change marin ekologi tång kalkalg Arktis regimskifte klimatförändring ljus Ecology Ekologi Climate Research Klimatforskning Other Environmental Biotechnology Annan miljöbioteknik Scherrer, Kim Light, temperature and competition : understanding the causes for climate-driven regime shifts in arctic marine benthos |
topic_facet |
macroalgae light invertebrate coralline algae Arctic benthic regime shift climate change marin ekologi tång kalkalg Arktis regimskifte klimatförändring ljus Ecology Ekologi Climate Research Klimatforskning Other Environmental Biotechnology Annan miljöbioteknik |
description |
In the Arctic, shallow sea-floor communities have been documented to shift abruptly from an invertebrate-dominated state to a state with high macroalgal abundance. Climate warming, resulting in increased water temperatures and decreased sea ice cover, could trigger such regime shifts in benthic ecosystems, but the underlying mechanisms are not clear. To gain a better understanding, a mechanistic model of algal growth and interspecific competition was applied in two marine ecosystems in northwestern Svalbard. Unravelling the effects of light and temperature on the model parameters, the current study showed that light is a key factor determining the algal dominance in the two ecosystems. Changes in sea-ice cover, which alters the underwater light regime, is therefore considered the most likely trigger for invertebratealgae regime shifts. A continued prolonging of the ice-free season in the Arctic is likely to occur in the upcoming years, considering the current climatic development. Thus, it is expected that macroalgal cover in shallow rocky-bottom communities will continue to increase, altering species composition and function in seasonally ice-covered arctic ecosystems. I ekosystem på grunda havsbottnar i Arktis har snabba, kraftiga förändringar i artsammansättning och ekosystemstruktur dokumenterats. Organismsamhällen som tidigare främst utgjorts av ryggradslösa organismer och hårda kalkalger har plötsligt blivit dominerade av olika tångarter. Den globala uppvärmningen medför högre ytvattentemperatur och minskat havsistäcke i Arktis, vilket i sin tur innebär förbättrade ljusförhållanden. Dessa förändringar tros kunna utlösa regimskiften där de ekosystemen övergår från ett stadium dominerat av ryggradslösa djur, till ett stadium dominerat av tång. Mekanismerna bakom sådana regimskiften är emellertid inte kartlagda. Denna studie syftade därför till en bättre förståelse för regimskiften i Arktiska havsbottenekosystem. En mekanistisk modell för algtillväxt och konkurrens tillämpades på två marina ... |
format |
Bachelor Thesis |
author |
Scherrer, Kim |
author_facet |
Scherrer, Kim |
author_sort |
Scherrer, Kim |
title |
Light, temperature and competition : understanding the causes for climate-driven regime shifts in arctic marine benthos |
title_short |
Light, temperature and competition : understanding the causes for climate-driven regime shifts in arctic marine benthos |
title_full |
Light, temperature and competition : understanding the causes for climate-driven regime shifts in arctic marine benthos |
title_fullStr |
Light, temperature and competition : understanding the causes for climate-driven regime shifts in arctic marine benthos |
title_full_unstemmed |
Light, temperature and competition : understanding the causes for climate-driven regime shifts in arctic marine benthos |
title_sort |
light, temperature and competition : understanding the causes for climate-driven regime shifts in arctic marine benthos |
publisher |
Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten- och landskapslära |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-266405 |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Arktis Arktis* Climate change Sea ice Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arktis Arktis* Climate change Sea ice Svalbard |
op_relation |
UPTEC W, 1401-5765 15048 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-266405 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
_version_ |
1766321250385264640 |