The KM3NeT potential for the next core-collapse supernova observation with neutrinos

• Published in: The European Physical Journal C
• Main Authors: Aiello, Sebastiano, Albert, Arthur, Alves Garre, Sergio, Aly, Zineb, Ambrosone, Antonio, Ameli, Fabrizio, André, Michel, Androulakis, Giorgos, Anghinolfi, Marco, Anguita, M., Anton, Gisela, Ardid Ramírez, Miguel, Ardid Ramírez, Joan Salvador, Aublin, J., Bagatelas, Christos, Bendahman, Meriem, Benfenati, Fabio, Bertin, Vincent, Bissinger, Matthias, Bou-Cabo, M., Boumaaza, Jihad, Bouwhuis, M.C., Puricelli, Stefano, Cherubini, Silvio, Fermani, P., Huang, Feng, Markou, Christos, Martini, Antonio, Marzaioli, Fabio, Miele, Gennaro, Migliozzi, Pasquale, Morganti, Michele, Pellegrino, Carlo, Pestel, Valentin, Piatelli, P., Pisanti, Ofelia, Romanov, Artur, Santangelo, Andrea, Stavropoulos, Dimitris, Tingay, S. J., Tzamariudaki, Ekaterini
• Other Authors: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Física, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. LAB - Laboratori d'Aplicacions Bioacústiques
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Springer 2021
• Subjects: Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física::Astronomia i astrofísica; Neutrinos; Neutrins; Île-de-France; Milky Way; Orca
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/2117/403318; https://epjc.epj.org/articles/epjc/abs/2021/05/10052_2021_Article_9187/10052_2021_Article_9187.html; https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09187-5

The KM3NeT research infrastructure is under construction in the Mediterranean Sea. It consists of two water Cherenkov neutrino detectors, ARCA and ORCA, aimed at neutrino astrophysics and oscillation research, respectively. Instrumenting a large volume of sea water with ~ 6200 optical modules comprising a total of ~ 200,000 photomultiplier tubes, KM3NeT will achieve sensitivity to ~ 10 MeV neutrinos from Galactic and near-Galactic corecollapse supernovae through the observation of coincident hits in photomultipliers above the background. In this paper, the sensitivity of KM3NeT to a supernova explosion is estimated from detailed analyses of background data from the first KM3NeT detection units and simulations of the neutrino signal. The KM3NeT observational horizon (for a 5 s discovery) covers essentially the Milky-Way and for the most optimistic model, extends to the Small Magellanic Cloud (~ 60 kpc). Detailed studies of the time profile of the neutrino signal allow assessment of the KM3NeT capability to determine the arrival time of the neutrino burstwith a fewmilliseconds precision for sources up to 5–8 kpc away, and detecting the peculiar signature of the standing accretion shock instability if the core-collapse supernova explosion happens closer than 3–5 kpc, depending on the progenitor mass. KM3NeT’s capability to measure the neutrino flux spectral parameters is also presented. The authors acknowledge the financial support of the funding agencies: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (contract ANR-15-CE31-0020), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commission Européenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), LabEx UnivEarthS (ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-18-IDEX-0001), Paris Île-de-France Region, France; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia (SRNSFG, FR-18-1268), Georgia; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Germany; The General Secretariat of Research and Technology (GSRT), Greece; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Ministero ...