Climatology and modeling of ionospheric irregularities over Greenland based on empirical orthogonal function method
This paper addresses the long-term climatology (over two solar cycles) of total electron content (TEC) irregularities from a polar cap station (Thule) using the rate of change of the TEC index (ROTI). The climatology reveals variabilities over different time scales, i.e., solar cycle, seasonal, and...
Published in: | Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate |
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/2117/374629 https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2022022 |
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ftupcatalunyair:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/374629 2023-11-12T04:18:02+01:00 Climatology and modeling of ionospheric irregularities over Greenland based on empirical orthogonal function method Jin, Yaqi Clausen, Lasse B. N. Miloch, Wojciech J. Høeg, Per Jarmolowski, Wojciech Wielgosz, Pawel Paziewski, Jacek Milanowska, Beata Hoque, Mainul Berdermann, Jens Lyu, Haixia Hernández Pajares, Manuel García Rigo, Alberto Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Matemàtiques Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. IonSAT - Grup de determinació Ionosfèrica i navegació per SAtèl·lit i sistemes Terrestres 2022-05-31 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/2117/374629 https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2022022 eng eng EDP Sciences https://www.swsc-journal.org/articles/swsc/full_html/2022/01/swsc210081/swsc210081.html Jin, Y. [et al.]. Climatology and modeling of ionospheric irregularities over Greenland based on empirical orthogonal function method. "Journal of space weather and space climate", 31 Maig 2022, vol. 12, núm. 23. 2115-7251 http://hdl.handle.net/2117/374629 doi:10.1051/swsc/2022022 Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Matemàtiques i estadística::Matemàtica aplicada a les ciències Geophysics Ionospheric irregularities EOF Modeling Space weather ROTI Geofísica Classificació AMS::86 Geophysics Article 2022 ftupcatalunyair https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2022022 2023-10-24T23:05:14Z This paper addresses the long-term climatology (over two solar cycles) of total electron content (TEC) irregularities from a polar cap station (Thule) using the rate of change of the TEC index (ROTI). The climatology reveals variabilities over different time scales, i.e., solar cycle, seasonal, and diurnal variations. These variations in different time scales can be explained by different drivers/contributors. The solar activity (represented by the solar radiation index F10.7P) dominates the longest time scale variations. The seasonal variations are controlled by the interplay of the energy input into the polar cap ionosphere and the solar illumination that damps the amplitude of ionospheric irregularities. The diurnal variations (with respect to local time) are controlled by the relative location of the station with respect to the auroral oval. We further decompose the climatology of ionospheric irregularities using the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) method. The first four EOFs could reflect the majority (99.49%) of the total data variability. A climatological model of ionospheric irregularities is developed by fitting the EOF coefficients using three geophysical proxies (namely, F10.7P, Bt, and Dst). The data-model comparison shows satisfactory results with a high Pearson correlation coefficient and adequate errors. Additionally, we modeled the historical ROTI during the modern grand maximum dating back to 1965 and made the prediction during solar cycle 25. In such a way, we can directly compare the climatic variations of the ROTI activity across six solar cycles. Peer Reviewed Postprint (published version) Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland Thule Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, BarcelonaTech: UPCommons - Global access to UPC knowledge Greenland Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate 12 23 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, BarcelonaTech: UPCommons - Global access to UPC knowledge |
op_collection_id |
ftupcatalunyair |
language |
English |
topic |
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Matemàtiques i estadística::Matemàtica aplicada a les ciències Geophysics Ionospheric irregularities EOF Modeling Space weather ROTI Geofísica Classificació AMS::86 Geophysics |
spellingShingle |
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Matemàtiques i estadística::Matemàtica aplicada a les ciències Geophysics Ionospheric irregularities EOF Modeling Space weather ROTI Geofísica Classificació AMS::86 Geophysics Jin, Yaqi Clausen, Lasse B. N. Miloch, Wojciech J. Høeg, Per Jarmolowski, Wojciech Wielgosz, Pawel Paziewski, Jacek Milanowska, Beata Hoque, Mainul Berdermann, Jens Lyu, Haixia Hernández Pajares, Manuel García Rigo, Alberto Climatology and modeling of ionospheric irregularities over Greenland based on empirical orthogonal function method |
topic_facet |
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Matemàtiques i estadística::Matemàtica aplicada a les ciències Geophysics Ionospheric irregularities EOF Modeling Space weather ROTI Geofísica Classificació AMS::86 Geophysics |
description |
This paper addresses the long-term climatology (over two solar cycles) of total electron content (TEC) irregularities from a polar cap station (Thule) using the rate of change of the TEC index (ROTI). The climatology reveals variabilities over different time scales, i.e., solar cycle, seasonal, and diurnal variations. These variations in different time scales can be explained by different drivers/contributors. The solar activity (represented by the solar radiation index F10.7P) dominates the longest time scale variations. The seasonal variations are controlled by the interplay of the energy input into the polar cap ionosphere and the solar illumination that damps the amplitude of ionospheric irregularities. The diurnal variations (with respect to local time) are controlled by the relative location of the station with respect to the auroral oval. We further decompose the climatology of ionospheric irregularities using the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) method. The first four EOFs could reflect the majority (99.49%) of the total data variability. A climatological model of ionospheric irregularities is developed by fitting the EOF coefficients using three geophysical proxies (namely, F10.7P, Bt, and Dst). The data-model comparison shows satisfactory results with a high Pearson correlation coefficient and adequate errors. Additionally, we modeled the historical ROTI during the modern grand maximum dating back to 1965 and made the prediction during solar cycle 25. In such a way, we can directly compare the climatic variations of the ROTI activity across six solar cycles. Peer Reviewed Postprint (published version) |
author2 |
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Matemàtiques Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. IonSAT - Grup de determinació Ionosfèrica i navegació per SAtèl·lit i sistemes Terrestres |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jin, Yaqi Clausen, Lasse B. N. Miloch, Wojciech J. Høeg, Per Jarmolowski, Wojciech Wielgosz, Pawel Paziewski, Jacek Milanowska, Beata Hoque, Mainul Berdermann, Jens Lyu, Haixia Hernández Pajares, Manuel García Rigo, Alberto |
author_facet |
Jin, Yaqi Clausen, Lasse B. N. Miloch, Wojciech J. Høeg, Per Jarmolowski, Wojciech Wielgosz, Pawel Paziewski, Jacek Milanowska, Beata Hoque, Mainul Berdermann, Jens Lyu, Haixia Hernández Pajares, Manuel García Rigo, Alberto |
author_sort |
Jin, Yaqi |
title |
Climatology and modeling of ionospheric irregularities over Greenland based on empirical orthogonal function method |
title_short |
Climatology and modeling of ionospheric irregularities over Greenland based on empirical orthogonal function method |
title_full |
Climatology and modeling of ionospheric irregularities over Greenland based on empirical orthogonal function method |
title_fullStr |
Climatology and modeling of ionospheric irregularities over Greenland based on empirical orthogonal function method |
title_full_unstemmed |
Climatology and modeling of ionospheric irregularities over Greenland based on empirical orthogonal function method |
title_sort |
climatology and modeling of ionospheric irregularities over greenland based on empirical orthogonal function method |
publisher |
EDP Sciences |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2117/374629 https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2022022 |
geographic |
Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Greenland |
genre |
Greenland Thule |
genre_facet |
Greenland Thule |
op_relation |
https://www.swsc-journal.org/articles/swsc/full_html/2022/01/swsc210081/swsc210081.html Jin, Y. [et al.]. Climatology and modeling of ionospheric irregularities over Greenland based on empirical orthogonal function method. "Journal of space weather and space climate", 31 Maig 2022, vol. 12, núm. 23. 2115-7251 http://hdl.handle.net/2117/374629 doi:10.1051/swsc/2022022 |
op_rights |
Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2022022 |
container_title |
Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate |
container_volume |
12 |
container_start_page |
23 |
_version_ |
1782334751927959552 |