El bosque habitable : la experiencia de construir ciudad paisaje en Finlandia

• Main Author: Cuellar Jaramillo, Álvaro Rodrigo
• Other Authors: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Urbanisme i Ordenació del Territori, Sabaté Bel, Joaquín
• Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
• Language: Spanish
• Published: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya 2017
• Subjects: Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Urbanisme; Arquitectura sostenible > Finlàndia; Boscos > Conservació > Finlàndia; Paisatgisme > Finlàndia; Rovaniemi
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/2117/112426; http://hdl.handle.net/10803/458519; https://doi.org/10.5821/dissertation-2117-112426

Premi Extraordinari de Doctorat, promoció 2016-2017. Àmbit d'Arquitectura, Urbanisme i Edificació The myth of an ideal relationship between the city and nature is recurrent throughout history and especially debated around the middle of the twentieth century, when the reconstruction of European cities intensifies. Many of the housing developments built under the ideas of the Modern Movement apply the block and single-family homes as a banal mechanism, which simply releases land and improves green-space standards. This has meant that no special attention is paid to the rules of the modern city as an effective alternative to create residential neighborhoods more integrated in nature. The research draws attention to the new town of Tapiola and the sets of Viitaniemi and Kokalorinne, three projects developed in the mid-twentieth century in Finland. From the recognized sensitivity to develop architecture in this unique geography, it is investigated in the scale of the landscape as a frame of reference and determining factor in the characteristics of these urban projects and their design guidelines. The first of these issues is addressed in Part I. The chronological review of some proposals and projects representative of Finnish urbanism helps us to recognize the magnetism that the landscape exerts in the conception of the natural space as a propitious area where to develop the city. The proposals of Tapiola, Viitaniemi and Korkalorinne specify this process and consolidate a type of residential project of its own in which the urban is subordinated to the surrounding landscape and rebuilds it. We call it the habitable forest and we emphasize the effect that imposes the imprint of the large scale in three aspects: green areas, streets and what built to become components of the landscape; ideas of urban structure are replaced by the objectives of organizing a place in the territory; and the intention of creating an urban image is oriented to introduce variations in an habitat that pretends to be natural. These three ...