Contaminants orgànics persistents i pseudopersistents en medi marí : estudi en biota i en consum humà

• Main Author: Aznar Alemany, Òscar
• Other Authors: Eljarrat Esebag, Ethel, Barceló i Cullerés, Damià, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Civil i Ambiental
• Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
• Language: Catalan
• Published: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya 2018
• Subjects: Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria química; 504; 547; Arctic; Human health
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10803/461748

During the last couple of decades the demand for good quality water in sufficient quantity has increased. The administration is now aware that water is not a commercial product; that hydrological management needs to be implemented to promote respect for the environment and a sustainable use of this natural resource. Consequently, directives have been developed to ensure the good status of water regarding quality and quantity. The Water Framework Directive (Directive 2000/60/CE) and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (Directive 2008/56/CE) set frameworks to protect water and the environments connected to it. They establish requirements for avoiding new emissions of pollutants, reducing the current pollution. Organic contaminants include a wide range of families. Some are grouped under the name persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Stockholm Convention describes POPs as persistent in the environment, bioaccummulable, with potential for long-range transport and with adverse effects on human health and the environment. By mid 2017, the Stockholm Convention included polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocylcododecane (HBCD). There are still emerging organic compounds. Even though they are not persistent, some are considered pseudo-persistent contaminants as they are used in big quantities and they have a biological effect. That makes them always present in the environment and a possible threat. Pyrethroids are an example. Contaminants reach the sea in wastewater, spills or runoff water, transported in rivers or through atmospheric deposition. Other products can be applied directly on one's body or are deliberatedly introduced in the environment, like pesticides. There is still another way of transport for POPs, which can be transported long distances in the air to colder areas or areas with cold periods, like the Arctic. The present thesis will focus on the descriptors of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive saying that concentrations of contaminants should be low enough not to produce pollution ...