Southern Ocean warming and its climatic impacts
The Southern Ocean has warmed substantially, and up to early 21st century, Antarctic stratospheric ozone depletion and increasing atmospheric CO2 have conspired to intensify Southern Ocean warming. Despite a projected ozone recovery, fluxes to the Southern Ocean of radiative heat and freshwater from...
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ftunswworks:oai:unsworks.library.unsw.edu.au:1959.4/unsworks_83291 2024-05-12T07:56:42+00:00 Southern Ocean warming and its climatic impacts Cai, W Gao, L Luo, Y Li, X Zheng, X Zhang, X Cheng, X Jia, F Purich, A Santoso, A Du, Y Holland, DM Shi, JR Xiang, B Xie, SP 2023-05-15 http://hdl.handle.net/1959.4/unsworks_83291 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2023.03.049 unknown Elsevier http://hdl.handle.net/1959.4/unsworks_83291 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2023.03.049 open access https://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 CC BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ urn:ISSN:2095-9273 urn:ISSN:2095-9281 Science Bulletin, 68, 9, 946-960 13 Climate Action 14 Life Below Water Circulation change Greenhouse warming Southern Ocean warming Westerly winds journal article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 2023 ftunswworks https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2023.03.049 2024-04-17T14:44:19Z The Southern Ocean has warmed substantially, and up to early 21st century, Antarctic stratospheric ozone depletion and increasing atmospheric CO2 have conspired to intensify Southern Ocean warming. Despite a projected ozone recovery, fluxes to the Southern Ocean of radiative heat and freshwater from enhanced precipitation and melting sea ice, ice shelves, and ice sheets are expected to increase, as is a Southern Ocean westerly poleward intensification. The warming has far-reaching climatic implications for melt of Antarctic ice shelf and ice sheet, sea level rise, and remote circulations such as the intertropical convergence zone and tropical ocean-atmosphere circulations, which affect extreme weathers, agriculture, and ecosystems. The surface warm and freshwater anomalies are advected northward by the mean circulation and deposited into the ocean interior with a zonal-mean maximum at ∼45°S. The increased momentum and buoyancy fluxes enhance the Southern Ocean circulation and water mass transformation, further increasing the heat uptake. Complex processes that operate but poorly understood include interactive ice shelves and ice sheets, oceanic eddies, tropical-polar interactions, and impact of the Southern Ocean response on the climate change forcing itself; in particular, limited observations and low resolution of climate models hinder rapid progress. Thus, projection of Southern Ocean warming will likely remain uncertain, but recent community effort has laid a solid foundation for substantial progress. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Sea ice Southern Ocean UNSW Sydney (The University of New South Wales): UNSWorks Antarctic Southern Ocean Science Bulletin 68 9 946 960 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
UNSW Sydney (The University of New South Wales): UNSWorks |
op_collection_id |
ftunswworks |
language |
unknown |
topic |
13 Climate Action 14 Life Below Water Circulation change Greenhouse warming Southern Ocean warming Westerly winds |
spellingShingle |
13 Climate Action 14 Life Below Water Circulation change Greenhouse warming Southern Ocean warming Westerly winds Cai, W Gao, L Luo, Y Li, X Zheng, X Zhang, X Cheng, X Jia, F Purich, A Santoso, A Du, Y Holland, DM Shi, JR Xiang, B Xie, SP Southern Ocean warming and its climatic impacts |
topic_facet |
13 Climate Action 14 Life Below Water Circulation change Greenhouse warming Southern Ocean warming Westerly winds |
description |
The Southern Ocean has warmed substantially, and up to early 21st century, Antarctic stratospheric ozone depletion and increasing atmospheric CO2 have conspired to intensify Southern Ocean warming. Despite a projected ozone recovery, fluxes to the Southern Ocean of radiative heat and freshwater from enhanced precipitation and melting sea ice, ice shelves, and ice sheets are expected to increase, as is a Southern Ocean westerly poleward intensification. The warming has far-reaching climatic implications for melt of Antarctic ice shelf and ice sheet, sea level rise, and remote circulations such as the intertropical convergence zone and tropical ocean-atmosphere circulations, which affect extreme weathers, agriculture, and ecosystems. The surface warm and freshwater anomalies are advected northward by the mean circulation and deposited into the ocean interior with a zonal-mean maximum at ∼45°S. The increased momentum and buoyancy fluxes enhance the Southern Ocean circulation and water mass transformation, further increasing the heat uptake. Complex processes that operate but poorly understood include interactive ice shelves and ice sheets, oceanic eddies, tropical-polar interactions, and impact of the Southern Ocean response on the climate change forcing itself; in particular, limited observations and low resolution of climate models hinder rapid progress. Thus, projection of Southern Ocean warming will likely remain uncertain, but recent community effort has laid a solid foundation for substantial progress. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cai, W Gao, L Luo, Y Li, X Zheng, X Zhang, X Cheng, X Jia, F Purich, A Santoso, A Du, Y Holland, DM Shi, JR Xiang, B Xie, SP |
author_facet |
Cai, W Gao, L Luo, Y Li, X Zheng, X Zhang, X Cheng, X Jia, F Purich, A Santoso, A Du, Y Holland, DM Shi, JR Xiang, B Xie, SP |
author_sort |
Cai, W |
title |
Southern Ocean warming and its climatic impacts |
title_short |
Southern Ocean warming and its climatic impacts |
title_full |
Southern Ocean warming and its climatic impacts |
title_fullStr |
Southern Ocean warming and its climatic impacts |
title_full_unstemmed |
Southern Ocean warming and its climatic impacts |
title_sort |
southern ocean warming and its climatic impacts |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1959.4/unsworks_83291 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2023.03.049 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
urn:ISSN:2095-9273 urn:ISSN:2095-9281 Science Bulletin, 68, 9, 946-960 |
op_relation |
http://hdl.handle.net/1959.4/unsworks_83291 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2023.03.049 |
op_rights |
open access https://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 CC BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2023.03.049 |
container_title |
Science Bulletin |
container_volume |
68 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
946 |
op_container_end_page |
960 |
_version_ |
1798836949383905280 |